Scientific name of Head
Cephalic
Scientific name of Skull
Cranial
Scientific name of Face
Facial
Scientific name of Armpit
Axillary
Scientific name of Arm
Brachial
Scientific name of Front of elbow
Antecubital
Scientific name of Forearm
Antebrachial
Scientific name of Wrist
Carpal
Scientific name of Palm
Palmar
Scientific name of Fingers
Digital or Phalangeal
Scientific name of Neck
Cervical
Scientific name of Thigh
Femoral
Scientific name of Anterior surface of knee
Patellar
Scientific name of Leg
Crural
Scientific name of Foot
Pedal
Scientific name of Ankle
Tarsal
Scientific name of Toes
Digital or Phalangeal
Scientific name of Forehead
Frontal
Scientific name of Eye
Orbital
Scientific name of Ear
Otic
Scientific name of Cheek
Buccal
Scientific name of Nose
Nasal
Scientific name of Mouth
Oral
Scientific name of Chin
Mental
Scientific name of Breastbone
Sternal
Scientific name of Chest
Thoracic
Scientific name of Breast
Mammary
Scientific name of Navel
Umbilical
Scientific name of Hip
Coxal
Scientific name of Groin
Inguinal
Scientific name of Hand
Manual
Scientific name of Pubis
Pubic
Scientific name of Top of foot
Dorsum
Scientific name of Base of Skull
Occipital
Scientific name of Shoulder
Acromial
Scientific name of Shoulder blade
Scapular
Scientific name of Spinal column
Vertebral
Scientific name of Back of elbow
Olecranal
Scientific name of Between hips
Sacral
Scientific name of Back
Dorsal
Scientific name of Loin
Lumbar
Scientific name of Buttock
Gluteal
Scientific name of Hollow behind knee
Popliteal
Scientific name of Calf
Sural
Scientific name of Sole
Plantar
Scientific name of Back of hand
Dorsum
Scientific name of Heel
Calcaneal
Define and give an example of Superior
Toward the head, or the upper part of a structure
The heart is superior to the liver
Define and give an example of Inferior
Away from the head, or the lower part of a structure
The stomach is inferior to the lungs.
Define and give an example of Anterior
Nearer to or at the front of the body
The sternum (breastbone) is anterior to the heart
Define and give an example of Posterior
Nearer to or at the back of the body
The esophagus is posterior to the trachea (windpipe)
Define and give an example of Medial
Nearer to the midline
The ulna is medial to the radius
Define and give an example of Lateral
Farther from the midline
The lungs are lateral to the heart
Define and give an example of Intermediate
Between two structures
The transverse colon is intermediate between the ascending and descending colons
Define and give an example of Ipsilateral
On the same side of the body as another structure
The gallbladder and ascending colon are ipsilateral
Define and give an example of Contralateral
On the opposite side of the body from another structure
The ascending and descending colons are contralateral
Define and give an example of Proximal
Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to the origination of a structure
The humerus is proximal to the radius
Define and give an example of Distal
Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; farther from the origination of a structure
The phalanges are distal to the carpals
Define and give an example of Superficial
Toward or on the surface of the body
The ribs are superficial to the lungs
Define and give an example of Deep
Away from the surface of the body
The ribs are deep to the skin of the chest and back
Ventral refers to the
Belly side
Which retroperitoneal organs are part of the Urinary system?
Kidneys, Adrenal glands, and Ureter
Which retroperitoneal organs are part of the Circulatory system?
Aorta and Inferior vena cava
Which retroperitoneal organs are part of the Digestive system?
(1) Esophagus, (2) Pancreas (head, neck, and body, but not the tail), (3) Duodenum of the small intestine (but not the first segment), (4) Ascending and descending colons of the large intestine (but not the transverse colon, sigmoid, or cecum), and (5) rectum
Organs within the ______ cavity are ______
Peritoneal; intraperitoneal
What is metabolism?
The sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body.
What are the two phases of metabolism?
Catabolism and Anabolism
Define Catabolism
A phase of metabolism where it breaks down complex chemical substances into simpler components
Define Anabolism
A phase of metabolism where it builds up complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components
Aside from the _______ a fundamental component of metabolic reactions is _______
changes in chemical complexity; energy relationships
Where is the Aqueous humor located?
ECF that is located within the eyes
Where is the blood plasma located?
ECF that is located within the blood vessels
Where is the cerebrospinal fluid located?
ECF that is located in and around the brain and spinal cord
Where is the interstitial fluid located?
ECF that is located in the spaces between the cells
Where is the plasma located?
ECF that is located within the blood vessels
Where is the synovial fluid located?
ECF that is located in the joints
Where is the vitreous body located?
ECF that is located within the eyes
What are the two control systems of the body?
- Nervous system
2. Endocrine system
How does the Nervous system mediate its action?
by means of nerve impulses
How does the Endocrine system mediate its action?
by means of hormones
Which feedback system do the nervous and endocrine system usually operate through?
Negative Feedback system
What are the three components of a generalized feedback system?
- Receptor (typically a nerve or chemoreceptor)
- Control center (typically in the brain)
- Effector (typically muscles or glands)
What are the two types of feedback systems?
Positive and Negative
Which feedback system is the most common?
Negative
Which feedback system strengthens or reinforces a change in the condition?
The Positive Feedback System
Which feedback system reverses the original stimulus in the condition?
The Negative Feedback System
What event(s) break the continued feedback in a positive feedback system?
Interruption by some mechanism outside the system
What event(s) break the continued feedback in a negative feedback system?
Regulating at normal conditions, breaks the continued feedback. (no more outside interruptions).