exam 1 T2DM pp

Question 1

treatment A1C<10

Answer 1

1-2 meds

Question 2

treatment A1C >10

Answer 2

insulin (+another med)

Question 3

2 treatment paths

Answer 3

CV and kidney risk reduction
weight management and glycemic goals

Question 4

metformin renal dosing

Answer 4

CI with GFR <30

Question 5

SGLT2 with CV benefit

Answer 5

canagliflozin
empagliflozin

Question 6

SGLT2 with HF benefit

Answer 6

dapagliflozin
empagliflozin

Question 7

SGLT2 with DKD benefit

Answer 7

cangliflozin

Question 8

SGLT2 with CKD benefit

Answer 8

dapagliflozin
empagliflozin

Question 9

GLP1 with CVD benefit

Answer 9

dulaglutide
liraglutide
semaglutide

Question 10

GLP1 with renal benefit

Answer 10

dulaglutide
liraglutide
semaglutide

Question 11

DPP4 HF risk

Answer 11

saxagliptin

Question 12

DPP4 that doesn’t need renal dosing

Answer 12

linagliptin

Question 13

TZD CVD benefit

Answer 13

actos

Question 14

TZD boxed warning for congestive HF

Answer 14

actos

Question 15

TZD renal dosing

Answer 15

not required
not recommended to use due to fluid retention

Question 16

SU renal dosing

Answer 16

glyburide not recommended
glimepiride and glipizide use lower dose

Question 17

insulin renal dosing

Answer 17

lower dose

Question 18

meds associated with hypoglycemia

Answer 18

SU
insulin
symlin
meglitinides

Question 19

do use these meds together

Answer 19

SU + meglitinide
GLP1 + DPP4
SU or meglitinide + rapid insulin
GLP1 + rapid insulin

Question 20

MOA- slows intestinal carb digestion/absorption
rear LFT elevations

Answer 20

alpha glucosidase inhibitors

Question 21

MOA- slows gastric emptying, causes satiety, and reduces postprandial glucagon secretion

Answer 21

symlin

Question 22

MOA- inhibits glucose production and absorption, increases insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat
lactic acidosis rare

Answer 22

metformin

Question 23

MOA- increase insulin secretion in response to elevated blood glucose, decreases glucagon secretion, and slows gastric emptying

Answer 23

DPP4

Question 24

MOA- increase insulin secretion in response to elevated blood glucose, decreases glucagon secretion, and slows gastric emptying, increases satiety
BBW- pancreatic and medullary thyroid cancer in rats
delay oral contraceptive absorption

Answer 24

GLP1

Question 25

which GLP1 can be used at age 10 and up

Answer 25

liraglutide

Question 26

GLP1 side effects

Answer 26

N/V/D/C pancreatitis gallbladder disease FDA monitoring- suicide risk. hair loss, aspiration

Question 27

which GLP1 must be taken on an empty stomach

Answer 27

semaglutide oral (rybelsus)

Question 28

which GLP1 does not come with pen needles

Answer 28

liraglutide (Victoza) exentide (byetta)

Question 29

which GLP1 cannot be used with CrCl <30

Answer 29

byetta

Question 30

which GLP1 cannot be used with GFR <45

Answer 30

bydureon

Question 31

MOA- blocks glucose and sodium reabsorption in the proximal renal tubule kidney, increases urinary excretion of glucose, sodium, and uric acid, decreases plasma volume fouriners gangrene

Answer 31

SGLT2

Question 32

which SGLT2 has hyperkalemia as a side effect and fracture risk and amputation risk

Answer 32

canagliflozin

Question 33

what drugs work in the proximal tubules

Answer 33

SGLT2

Question 34

what drugs work in the loop on henle

Answer 34

loop diuretics (Na-K pump)

Question 35

if what is present, water passes through the walls of the ascending limb and is reabsorbed into the blood

Answer 35

ADH

Question 36

what drugs work in the distal convoluted tubule

Answer 36

thiazide diuretics (Na-Cl pump) increase Ca reabsorption

Question 37

bexagliflozin renal dosing

Answer 37

CI GFR<30

Question 38

canagliflozin renal dosing

Answer 38

GFR<60 limit 100mg/day GFR<30 don't initiate but can continue at 100mg

Question 39

dapagliflozin renal doing

Answer 39

HFR<45 not recommended for glycemic control GFR<25 do not initiate but can continue at 10mg/day

Question 40

empagliflozin renal dosing

Answer 40

GFR<30 not recommended for glycemic control GFR<20 HF/CKD risk reduction

Question 41

ertugliflozin renal dosing

Answer 41

GFR<45 not recommended

Question 42

sotagliflozin renal dosing

Answer 42

none

Question 43

which SGLT2 do not require hepatic dose adjustments

Answer 43

dapagliflozin empagliflozin

Question 44

MOA- stimulates pancreatic insulin secretion

Answer 44

SU

Question 45

which SU should be avoided in kidney impairment

Answer 45

glyburide

Question 46

MOA- stimulates pancreatic insulin secretion must be taken before each meal

Answer 46

meglitinide

Question 47

MOA- increases insulin sensitivity in the liver, muscle, and fat lowers TGs do not use in active bladder cancer increased fracture risk

Answer 47

TZD

Question 48

what meds can be used in CKD

Answer 48

SGLT2 (C,D,E) GLP1

Question 49

what meds should be avoided in obesity

Answer 49

SU meglitinides insulin actos

Question 50

what meds can be used in HF

Answer 50

jardiance farxiga

Question 51

what meds should be avoided in HF

Answer 51

saxagliptin alogliptin actos