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Animal Nutrition > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the biological roles of vitamin a

A

It is involved in the light vision process and in the maintenance of certain epithelium tissues

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2
Q

Why are 3 major chemical forms of vitamin a

A

Retinoic acid
Retinol
Retinal

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3
Q

Name the major compound that bile acids are synthesized from

A

Cholesterol

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4
Q

What is the biological role of bile acids

A

Help transport the products of lipid digestion through the polar environment to the apical surface of the enterocytes

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5
Q

Why are polyunsaturated fatty acids more susceptible to oxidative damage than saturated fatty acids

A

Because of the double bonds

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6
Q

Why is the maximum amount of Se limited to no greater than 0.3ppm?

A

Because of the concern with toxicity

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7
Q

True or false: there is no vitamin C requirement for horses

A

True

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8
Q

True or false: niacin can be synthesized from the amino acid leucine

A

False
Amino acids menadione

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9
Q

______ is a vitamin involved in the blood-clotting process

A

vitamin k

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10
Q

Name the 3 major categories that dietary energy can be partitioned into

A

Water
Hear
Tissue/product

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11
Q

True or false: iodine value is a measure of the degree of saturation in fatty acids

A

False
It is the measure of un saturation

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12
Q

Identify the nutrient deficiencies associated with microcytic anemia

A

Accept Fe, Cu

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13
Q

Identify the nutrient deficiencies associated with macrocytic anemia

A

Vitamin B12

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14
Q

_____ chain lengths = ______ melting points

A

Longer
Higher

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15
Q

How to draw C16:2w6

A

CH3-C-C-C-C-C=C-C-C=…. COOH

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16
Q

-anoic means

A

Saturated fatty acid

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17
Q

Increase chain length = _____ melting point

A

Increase

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18
Q

Increase degree of unsaturation =

A

Decrease melting point

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19
Q

-enoic means

A

Unsaturated fatty acid

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20
Q

Higher _____ value = more _______ ___ = not as _____ = not appealing _____

A

Iodine
Unsaturated fats
Solid
Meat

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21
Q

______ saponification number = ______ degree of _______ fats

A

Increase
Greater
Saturated

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22
Q

Function: bone, teeth, nerve function, muscle function

A

Calcium

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23
Q

Macro minerals

A

Calcium
Phosphorus
Sodium
Potassium
Magnesium

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24
Q

Trace minerals

A

Iron
Copper
Zinc
Manganese
Selenium

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25
Potassium function
Bone ATP Nuclei acids
26
Function: extracellular cation, nerve function, muscle function
Sodium
27
Function: intracellular cation, nerve function, muscle function
Potassium
28
Magnesium function
Bone Teeth Enzyme co-factor
29
Iron function
Hemoglobin Cytochrome
30
Copper function
Oxidase enzymes
31
Zinc function
Cofactor enzyme
32
Function: decarboxylase enzymes, glycoprotein synthesis
Manganese
33
Function: glutathione peroxidase
Selenium
34
Calcium deficiency symptoms
rickets Osteomalacia Osteoporosis
35
Potassium deficiency symptoms
Rickets Osteomalacia
36
Sodium deficiency symptoms
Slow growth Decreased cardiac output Impaired reproduction
37
Potassium deficiency symptoms
Muscular weakness Tetany
38
Magnesium deficiency symptoms
Grass tetany
39
Iron deficiency symptoms
Anemia
40
Copper deficiency symptoms
Poor wool growth Anemia
41
Zinc deficiency symptoms
Parakeratosis
42
Manganese deficiency symptoms
Ataxia
43
Selenium deficiency symptoms
White muscle disease Muscular dystrophy Liver necrosis
44
Calcium source
Dairy products
45
Potassium source
Plant seeds Phosphate food additives
46
Sodium sources
Salt
47
Potassium sources
Bananas Vegetable proteins Animal products
48
Magnesium sources
Leafy green vegetables
49
Iron source
Meat/animal products
50
Copper source
Most feeds
51
Zinc source
Most feeds
52
Manganese source
Alfalfa meal Brewers grains
53
Selenium source
Plant and animal tissues
54
Fat soluble vitamins
A D E K
55
Vitamin A function
Vision
56
Vitamin D function
calcium/phosphorus homeostasis
57
Vitamin function: free radical scavenger/ antioxid ant
Vitamin E
58
Vitamin K function
Blood clotting
59
Vitamin A deficiency symptom
Night blindness Keratinization
60
Vitamin D deficiency symptom
Rickets
61
Vitamin E deficiency symptom
Muscular dystrophy
62
Vitamin K deficiency symptom
Severe hemorrhaging
63
Vitamin A source
Animal products Fish oils
64
Vitamin D source
Dairy products
65
Vitamin E source
Green leaves Corn Wheat
66
Vitamin K source
Alfalfa meal Pasture
67
What vitamin is given to babies right after they are born
Vitamin K
68
What is a vitamin K antagonist
Warfarin (rat poisoning)
69
Vitamin A is involved in regeneration of
Rhodopsin
70
Insulin acts on
Adipose tissue
71
water soluble vitamins
Thiamin Riboflavin Niacin Vitamin B6 Pantothenic acid Vitamin B12 Vitamin C
72
Vitamin Function: enzymatic decarboxylation
Thiamin
73
Riboflavin functions
Coenzymes: FMN, FAD
74
Niacin function
Coenzymes: NAD, NADP
75
Vitamin function: decarboxylation of several amino acids, transaminations
Vitamin B6
76
Vitamin function: coenzyme A, metabolic activation
Pantothenic acid
77
Vitamin function: propionate metabolism, purine metabolism
Vitamin B12
78
Vitamin C function
Collagen formation and maintenance
79
Vitamin deficiency symptom: beriberi, polyneuritis
Thiamin
80
Vitamin deficiency symptom: curled toe paralysis, skin lesion
Riboflavin
81
Vitamin deficiency symptom: pellagra, black tongue
Niacin
82
Vitamin deficiency symptom: convulsions, dermatitis
Vitamin B6
83
Vitamin deficiency symptom: goose stepping, nerve degeneration
Pantothenic acid
84
Vitamin deficiency symptom: pernicious anemia, decreased growth rate
Vitamin B12
85
Vitamin deficiency symptom: vitamin C
Scurvy
86
Thiamin source
Brewers yeast Cereal grains
87
Riboflavin source
Yeast Milk Eggs
88
Niacin source
Animal and fish by-products
89
Vitamin B6 source
Animal and plant sources
90
Pantothenic acid source
Animal and plant sources
91
Vitamin B12 source
Animal products
92
Vitamin C source
Citrus Vegetables

Animal Nutrition (3 decks)

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