Exam 2 Flashcards

(66 cards)

1
Q

The cP air mass of North America is usually associated with a source region in ____.

A

Canada

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2
Q

C-climates are typically where on Earth?

A

In the mid-latitudes

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3
Q

Which of the following is an example of a primary producer in an ecosystem?

A

A tree

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4
Q

On the below photo of a soil profile, which number represents the zone of greatest leaching?

A

Zone 3- area beneath the topsoil, lightest in color

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5
Q

Which of the following soil types has the largest particle size?

A

Sandy

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6
Q

List soil diameter in ascending order

A

Clayey, silty, sandy

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7
Q

List soil diameter in descending order

A

Sandy, silty, clayey

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8
Q

A rock type made of other pieces of broken rock is:

A

sedimentary

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9
Q

A large body of air that is relatively homogeneous in terms of temperature and humidity is called a(n) ____.

A

airmass

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10
Q

Hurricanes are also known as ____.

A

typhoons

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11
Q

Short duration, high intensity rainfall is associated most often with ____.

A

a cold front

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12
Q

What air mass originates over Mexico?

A

cT- continental tropical

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13
Q

Torrid, Temperate, and Frigid are classifications of ____.

A

the ancient greeks

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14
Q

Xerophytic vegetation is most likely to be found in which of the following climate regions?

A

desert

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15
Q

There are _________ major climate categories within the Köppen’s climate classification system.

A

six

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16
Q

The primary cause in the low temperatures of Polar climates is:

A

the minimal insolation that is received

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17
Q

Summers are generally dry in which climate

A

mediterranean

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18
Q

Herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores are subclasses of which one of the four components of a typical ecosystem?

A

consumers

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19
Q

The combination of role and habitat for a particular species is referred to as its ____.

A

ecological niche

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20
Q

A soil rich in organic material will be ____.

A

black or dark brown

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21
Q

The A horizon of a typical soil profile consists of ____.

A

the topsoil

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22
Q

In terms of distance, the thickest internal structural layer of Earth is the ____.

A

mantle

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23
Q

Intrusive igneous rocks are ____.

A

coarse-grained

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24
Q

extrusive igneous rocks are

A

fine-grained

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25
Coal is a(n) ____.
organic sedimentary rock
26
Which part of the Earth's internal structure has been most explored by humans
crust
27
constant temperature with spike in rainfall
tropical monsoon
28
high temperature, little rainfall
desert
29
constant high temperature, high rainfall
tropical rainforest
30
high spread out curve, dry summer
mediterranean
31
low temperature curve, little rainfall with most being in summer
subarctic
32
middle temperature curve, year round rainfall
humid subtropical
33
extremely cold temperature, little to no rainfall
polar
34
lower temperature curve, year round rainfall
humid continental
35
how many steps an organism is removed from producers in an ecosystem
trophic level
36
which organism occupies the first trophic level?
plants
37
when a species can survive on a wide variety of food types
generalist
38
when a species only survives on one food type
specialist
39
plants growing on bare soil for the first time- ex. volcanic rock plants
primary succession
40
plants growing after a natural disaster destroys vegetation
secondary succession
41
rate at which new organic materials are created at a specific trophic level
productivity
42
formation of new organic matter through photosynthesis
primary productivity
43
amount of chemical and energetic biomass created through consumers, or heterotrophic organisms
secondary productivity
44
amount of organic matter in a soil
humus
45
A, B, C, R
topsoil, subsoil, substratum, bedrock
46
upper layers of earths core
lithosphere
47
flows beneath upper layers and sometimes drags them with it
asthenosphere
48
molten rock within the earth
magma
49
molten rock outside of the earth
lava
50
rocks that are formed from lava; fine grained
extrusive rocks
51
rocks that are formed from magma; rough grained
intrusive rocks
52
light colored and not dense
felsic
53
dark colored and dense
malfic
54
sedimentary rock that is made of broken fragments of other rocks
clastic
55
sedimentary rock made of remains of plants and animals
organic
56
sedimentary rock made of dissolved minerals and chemical deposits usually from water
chemical
57
rocks that have changed from one type of rock to another
metamorphic rock
58
metamorphic rock that has bands
foliated
59
metamorphic rock that does not have bands
non-foliated
60
northern hemisphere tectonic plates(Pangaea)
Laurasia
61
southern hemisphere tectonic plates(Pangaea)
Gondwana
62
pulling apart of tectonic plates
divergence
63
pushing together of tectonic plates
convergence
64
sliding along one another
transform
65
66
a theory for the cause of climate change that includes astronomical variations in he earth's orbit and ocean circulations
minankovich theory