Exam 2 401

Question 1

The urine of a client is dark and foamy. What would the nurse suspect?

Answer 1

Cholecystitis

Question 2

Measles, TB, and varicella are all requiring what type of precautions

Answer 2

Airborne

Question 3

What are clinical manifestations of sepsis

Answer 3

Fever
Tachypnea
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Elevated wbc
Altered mental status/confusion

Question 4

What are the stages of infectious disease process

Answer 4

Incubation (no symptoms)
Prodromal (nonspecific symptoms)
Acute illness (pronounced symptoms)
Convalescent (symptoms subside)

Question 5

Patients who present with sepsis criteria and after fluid resuscitation their MAP is less than 65 serum lactate greater than 2 are considered to be clinically in what?

Answer 5

Septic shock

Question 6

Clinical manifestations of TB

Answer 6

Blood tinged sputum with cough

Weight loss
Low appetite
Night sweats
Drycough
Fatigue
Low grade fever

Question 7

Risk factors for UTIs

Answer 7

Pregnancy
Urinary tract obstruction or calculi
Females
Congenital malformation
Urinary stasis
Chronic disorders: diabetes mellitus
Menopause
Long term catheter use
Multiple sex partners
Lack of water intake

Question 8

Diagnostic studies for UTIs

Answer 8

Clean catch Urine samples
Urinalysis
Gram stain, urine culture and sensitivity and wbc count

Question 9

Clinical manifestations of cellulitis

Answer 9

Redness, warmth, edema and tenderness to the skin area.
Tight glossy stretched skin non elevated borders.

Question 10

Interventions for conjunctivitis

Answer 10

Infection control strategy education
Antibiotics
Eye irrigation, warm washcloth
Photophobia management
Warm compress, cool compress, soaking eyelids

Question 11

Clinical manifestations of otitis media

Answer 11

Pain in ear.
Hearing difficulties
Fever
Fluid draining from ear
Irritability in young children

Question 12

Clinical manifestations of influenza

Answer 12

Fever cough inflammation of mucus membranes headache and malaise.

Question 13

What education will the nurse provide regarding the flu vaccine

Answer 13

Recommend for All people over 6mo
Changes annually
Vulnerable populations; infants, young children, people over 65

Question 14

Interventions for otitis media

Answer 14

Avoid over treating with antibiotics by educating that it can work itself out without meds within a few days

Never irrigate an ear

Antipyretics
Analgesics
Calm
Environment

Question 15

Skin cancer risk factor

Answer 15

Sun or UV exposure

Question 16

Expected lab results for Leukemia

Answer 16

Decreased platelets
Decreased leukocytes
Decreased erythrocytes

Question 17

Risk factors for prostate cancer

Answer 17

Increased incidence with age.
African American males
Diet high in dairy or processed meat.
Obesity
Firefighters
Genetic and hereditary.
Having a vasectomy

Question 18

What vague Clinical manifestations would you expect with cancer

Answer 18

Weight loss
Fatigue
Fever
Pain
Skin changes

Question 19

Clinical manifestations of iron deficiency anemia

Answer 19

Headache
Pallor
Lethargy
Fatigue
Sob
Intolerance to cold
Glossitis
Cheilosis
Pica
Stomach irritation

Question 20

Expected lab results for iron deficiency anemia

Answer 20

Low RBCs
Smaller, pale, and misshapen RBCs (hyperchromic, microcytic)

Question 21

Clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease

Answer 21

Pain- Vaso-occlusive crisis
Sob
Fatigue
Infections
Vision changes

Question 22

Nursing interventions for sickle cell disease

Answer 22

Promote oxygenation to alleviate sickling
Hydration
Pain management
Blood transfusions
Bed rest
Nutrition management

Question 23

3 Stages of inflammation

Answer 23

Vascular and cellular response
Exudate production
Reparative phase

Question 24

5 cardinal manifestations of inflammation

Answer 24

Erythema
Heat
Swelling
Pain
Possible impaired function

Question 25

Important diagnostic test to detect presence of inflammation would be

Answer 25

ESR- C-reactive proteins

Question 26

What kind of pain management would a patient with sickle cell receive

Answer 26

Around the clock or PCA morphine

Question 27

Nursing interventions for cellulitis

Answer 27

Pain management Antibiotic and analgesic administration Wound care Elevate limb

Question 28

What actions would the nurse take when following droplet precautions

Answer 28

Standard precautions plus… Place patient in private room or with similar diagnosis Wear mask Place surgical mask on patient when outside of room

Question 29

Who should get a colonoscopy

Answer 29

Age 45-75 Every 10 years

Question 30

What are some symptoms of patients with decreased H&H

Answer 30

Fatigue SOB Arrhythmias Dizziness Chest pain Cold hands and feet

Question 31

Interventions for appendicitis

Answer 31

Keep npo Monitor temp q4h Pain management No laxatives or enemas No heat on abdomen

Question 32

What are general concerns for patients with ulcerative colitis

Answer 32

Bleeding Nutrition status,electrolytes Anemia Impaired function Skin integrity Emotional concerns

Question 33

Where is mc burneys point

Answer 33

Lower right quadrant

Question 34

Nursing interventions with cholecystitis

Answer 34

Education-avoid fatty foods Pain management Monitor weight-Is& Os NG tube to low suction Fowler position

Question 35

What are some expected lab values for glomerulonephritis

Answer 35

Elevated creatinine Elevated BuN Decreased GFr Electrolyte imbalance

Question 36

Risk factors for PUD

Answer 36

Stress H pylori NSAID misuse

Question 37

What are signs that an infection has triggered an inflammatory response

Answer 37

Vasodilation, increased capillary permeability Hypercoagulability Fever Tachycardia, tachypnea Erythema Pain Swelling

Question 38

Precautions a nurse would take caring for a patient with Tb

Answer 38

Airborne precautions Private room with negative airflow Mask patient during transport Inform all personnel having contact with patient of diagnosis Assist visitors with appropriate masking before entering

Question 39

Is a gown required for droplet precautions

Answer 39

Not unless you are coming into contact with bodily fluids

Question 40

Latent TB is contagious True or false

Answer 40

False.