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Religious Studies > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Henotheism

A

Belief in and worship of a single god while recognizing that others may exist and be worshipped

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2
Q

Monolatry

A

Recognizing that many Gods exist but only worshipping one

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3
Q

Monotheism

A

Belief in and worship of a single God

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4
Q

Allah

A

Name of God in Islam

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5
Q

YHWH

A

Name of God in Hebrew Bible

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6
Q

Jehovah

A

God in Hebrew Bible

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7
Q

El Shaddai

A

“The All-Powerful God” (Hebrew)

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8
Q

Elohim

A

Hebrew word for God

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9
Q

Triune God

A

Christian belief of God as 3 entities in 1: Father, Son, Holy Spirit

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10
Q

Jesus

A

Son of God, divine/human savior (Christianity)

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11
Q

Shabbatai Zvi

A

Kabbalist who claimed to be the Jewish Messiah, was imprisoned in Istanbul and converted to Islam to save himself from execution

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12
Q

Messiah

A

Anointed One, savior

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13
Q

Yom YHWH

A

Jewish idea of judgement day

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14
Q

Yawm al Din

A

Islamic idea of judgment day

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15
Q

Apocolypse

A

Christian idea of judgement day

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16
Q

Torah

A

First 5 books of Hebrew bible

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17
Q

Tanakah

A

Hebrew bible

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18
Q

Qur’an

A

Word of God as revealed to Muhammad

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19
Q

Zohar

A

Foundation of Kabbalaism- commentary on mystical aspects of Torah and scriptural interpretations

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20
Q

Talmud

A

Most authoritative text in Judaism- contains Mishnah and Gemara

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21
Q

Sufi

A

Islamic mysticism

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22
Q

SLM

A

Safe, secure, in tact- used in many hebrew words such as Solomon, Shalom, etc.

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23
Q

Kabbalism

A

Jewish mysticism

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24
Q

Sephardic

A

Jews who established Jewish communities in Spain, Portugal

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25
Ashkenazic
Jews in the Holy Roman Empire who established Jewish communities in Central and Eastern Europe
26
Sefirot
10 attributes of Kabbala
27
Halachah
Jewish laws from Oral and Written Torah
28
Calvin
Protestant reformer who developed ideas of predestination and absolute sovereignty
29
Bruno
Man of learning who was burned alive for preaching that God and his creation were one in the same
30
Gabriel
Angel of Revelation of Qu'ran to Muhammad
31
Luther
Protestant Reformer, Bible holds authority over church leaders, community of believers as minister of God's word rather than Priests
32
Maimonides
Jewish philosopher who wrote 13 Principles of Faith
33
Wycliffe
Protestant who established the Lollards, who opposed the indisputable authority of clergy
34
Zwingli
Swiss reformer who rejected Pope's claims to supremacy, thought the priesthood consisted of all believers rather than priest (Similar to Luther)
35
Arianism
Father, son and holy spirit were not equally divine; Father is eternal, brought Son in to existence, Spirit came after.
36
Gnosticism
View of spiritual world as good and material world as evil, redemption through knowledge of hidden structures of the cosmos
37
Hasidism
Jewish mystical movement led by charismatic holy men who viewed themselves as kings
38
Protestantism
Movement of churches who broke away from the authority of the Roman Catholic Church, believed in Bible as ultimate authority
39
Trinitarianism
One God that consist of 3 entities: Father, Son, Holy Spirit
40
Unitarianism
Religion that emerged from Christianity in which Jesus is viewed as a mediator between humans and God rather than being part of the Godhead
41
Zionism
Nationalist Jewish movement that believed in an eventual return to the Jewish homeland
42
Essenes
Sect of Jews, practiced ascetism, fasting
43
Pharisees
Sect of Jews, believed in afterlife
44
Saducees
Sect of Jews, didn't believe in afterlife
45
Archangel
High ranking angel
46
Free Will
Being able to choose your own path
47
Iman
"Faith," doctrine of Isla
48
Jinn
Invisible beings made of fire, some good, some evil (Islam)
49
Mal'ak
Hebrew word for angel
50
Mushrik
Polytheists (Islam)
51
Nabi
Prophet (Islam)
52
Rasul
Apostle, messenger of God entrusted with a revelation. Islam; the only Rasul is Muhammad.
53
Shahada
"Witnessing," Fundamental confession of Islamic faith.
54
Shirk
Idolatry, number one unforgivable sin in Islam
55
Tawhid
Absolute unity and sovereignty of God (Islam)
56
Umma
Muslim community
57
Sunna
Customs of the Prophet Muhammad, reported in the Haddith
58
Hadith
Reports of things Muhammad said or did
59
Sunni
People of the Sunna and the main Community (Islam)
60
Shi'ite
Followers of Ali who became minority community in Islam, believe that leadership should come from descendants of Muhammad through the line of Ali and Fatima
61
Shari'a
The whole structure of divinely revealed Islamic legislation, based on the Qu'ran and Sunna.
62
Ulama
The "learned" in religion and law, authoritative body of Islam.
63
Ijma
"Consensus" of the Muslim community in legal matters
64
Caliph
Political leaders who succeeded the Prophet Muhammad
65
Elephantine
Island which housed Judean soldiers, asked to build temple replica
66
Priests
Leaders of liturgical community, performed sacrifices (Judaism, Christianity)
67
Sages
Masters of the Torah's wisdom (Judaism)
68
Kings
Rulers of the State (Judaism)
69
Prophets
Leaders of the covenental nation, bring God's message to the people
70
Sacrifice
Killing of an animal on the altar, done to cleanse people of the effects of their rebelling against God
71
Avodah
Worship service
72
Authority
Religious leadership
73
Apostolic succession
Tracing lineage was a guarantee of authentic authority Apostles, prophets, teachers, miracle workers
74
Rabbi
Teacher of Torah
75
Prespyter
Minister in the Church, between Bishop and Deacon
76
Deacons
Ministry of service in the Catholic Church
77
Bishop
Leaders of clergy, second to the Pope
78
Pope
Leader of the Catholic Church
79
Avignon
City in France that elected their own pope while a new pope was elected in Rome.
80
Conciliarism
Idea that councils in the church held supreme authority rather than the pope alone
81
St. Ignatius
Patriarch of Antioch, considered saint by the Catholic church
82
St. Joan
French peasant who claimed to receive heavenly messages, rallied king of France and his armies to victory during 100 Years War. Became a saint after being executed by the English.

Religious Studies (3 decks)

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