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Religious Studies > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

Synagogue

A

Greek for “community,” primary locations of prayer and Torah study in Judaism

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2
Q

Avodah

A

Divine service in Judaism- prayer, Torah study, performance of commandments

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3
Q

Shaharit

A

Early morning prayer service (Judaism)

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4
Q

Minhah

A

Late afternoon prayer service (Judaism)

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5
Q

Maarah

A

Evening prayer service (Judaism)

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6
Q

Shemonah Esreh/Amidah

A

“Standing prayer,” Central prayer of Judaism, recited 3 times a day at prayer services, Originally consisted of 18 blessings, additional one added later.

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7
Q

Kedushah

A

3rd section of Amidah

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8
Q

Shema

A

3 passages from Deuteronomy and Numbers that are recited as a twice daily expression of submission to the norms of the covenant with the God of Israel

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9
Q

Kippah (Yarmulke)

A

Head cover (Judaism)

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10
Q

Tallit

A

Fringe garment (Judaism)

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11
Q

Tfillin

A

Black leather boxes containing Torah scrolls, worn during morning prayer

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12
Q

Passover

A

Jewish holiday commemorating liberation from slavery in Egypt, freedom under Moses’ leadership

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13
Q

Seder

A

Ritual feast that commemorates beginning of Passover

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14
Q

Haggadah

A

Text that outlines order of Passover seder, fullfills commandment of “telling your son” about Jewish liberation from slavery

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15
Q

Matza

A

Unleavened bread eaten during passover

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16
Q

Shavuot

A

Jewish holiday that commemorates God giving the Torah to Moses at Mt. Sinai

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17
Q

Sukkot

A

Jewish holiday that marks the end of the harvest time, commemorates dependence of people of Israel on will of God

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18
Q

Rosh Hashanah

A

Jewish New Years celebration

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19
Q

Yom Kippur

A

Day of atonement, observed with a 25 hour period of fasting and prayer, much of the time is spent in synagogue

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20
Q

Kawwanah

A

Mindset for Jewish rituals

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21
Q

Rabbi

A

Leads service, prayer

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22
Q

Cantor

A

Sings prayers

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23
Q

Reader’s Desk

A

Table were Torah is read from, sits on top of Bimah

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24
Q

Yad

A

pointer, used to touch Torah

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25
Star of David
symbol of Jewish identity
26
Circumcision
Removal of foreskin from penis
27
Augustine
Early Christian theologian who wrote about worship as an essential part of human condition, importance for salvation
28
Lord's Prayer
Prayer formulated by Jesus, most important prayer in Christianity
29
Theodore of Mopsuestia
bishop of Mopsuestia, one of the earliest monks
30
New Covenant
Covenant between Jesus and the Christian community, blood shed at crucifixion is required blood of the covenant
31
Communion
Eating bread and drinking wine to reenact last supper, ritual center of Christian life
32
Confession
Confessing sins to a priest for forgiveness
33
Lord's Day
Christian Sabbath, observed on Sunday, day of worship
34
Epiphany
Christian holiday that celebrates the revelation of the Son as a human in Jesus Christ
35
Christmas
Christian holiday celebrating the birth of Jesus Christ
36
Lent
Six weeks prior to Easter Sunday, involves preparing the believer through prayer, atonement, self denial
37
Easter
Christian holiday celebrating the resurrection of Jesus Christ
38
Ascension
Jesus ascension into heaven, celebrated in a feast on Ascension Sunday
39
Annunciation
Announcement from Gabriel to the Virgin Mary that she would conceive and become the mother of Jesus
40
Prayer
Communication with God, done in public and private. Formal (Lord's Prayer, psalms, hymns), informal (spontaneous prayer)
41
Ritual
Set activities that express and confirm beliefs
42
Fasting (Christianity)
Going without food in order to concentrate on prayer
43
Baptism
Christian rite of initiation, washing away original sin with water.
44
Eucharist
Celebration of Christ's redemptive sacrifice, distributed in bread and wine (same as Communion)
45
Pilgrimage
Journeying to holy places (e.g. Rome, Canterbury, etc.)
46
Lourdes
Location of shrine to the Virgin Mary (Our Lady of Lourdes,) site of popular pilgrimage
47
Stages of the Cross
Series of images depicting Christ on the day of the crucifixion
48
Church
Building used for worship by Christians
49
Rosary
String of beads used in prayer
50
Reliquary
Container which houses the remains of holy men and women, physical objects associated with their bodies
51
Crucifix
Image of Jesus on the cross
52
Shroud of Turin
Cloth bearing the image of a man believed by some Christians to be Jesus
53
Holy Grail
Cup used during Last Supper
54
Icon
Depiction of Jesus, Mary, saints or angels
55
Salat
Islam worship service, required 5 times a day, can be done in public or in private
56
Ibada
Islamic ritual
57
Ra'ka
A cycle of postures during the salat prayer: standing, bowing, prostrating, sitting
58
Wudu
Ritual washing by Muslims before prayers
59
Imam
Leader of salat in mosque
60
Qibla
Direction of Mecca toward which Muslims face during salat- marked by mihrab
61
Mihrab
Niche in a mosque wall indicating direction of Mecca
62
Minbar
Pulpit in a mosque from which imam delivers prayer during Friday congregational salat
63
Masjid
Mosque
64
Mosque
Place of worship for Muslims
65
Niyya
Right intention required before performing salat and other rites
66
Zakat
Almsgiving- tax on one's wealth
67
Ramadan
Month in which Qu'ran was first revealed, during which Muslims observe an obligatory fast during daylight hours
68
Fasting (Islam)
Done during Ramadan, sunrise to sunset, no food, drink, smoking, sex
69
Eid el-Fitri
End of Ramadan feast
70
Eid el-Adha
Muslim holiday celebrating the near sacrifice of Ishmael
71
Hilal
Main symbol of Islam
72
Hajj
Pilgrimage to Mecca- required for those who can afford it
73
Sawm
Fast during Ramadan
74
Jihad
"Exertion," sometimes translated as "Holy War"
75
Pillars of Islam
Required devotional duties of Islam: ``` Shahada- "witnessing" to the unity of God and Muhammad Salat- "prayer" Zakat- "almsgiving" Sawm- "fasting" Hajj- "pilgrimage" ```
76
Prayer rug
Piece of fabric placed between the ground and the worshipper for cleanliness during prayer
77
Sunna
Customs of the prophet Muhammad recorded in the hadith
78
Hijab
Covering of the hair and sometimes face by Muslim women outside the home

Religious Studies (3 decks)

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