Exam 2 Flashcards
(43 cards)
George Cuvier
Extinction
Jean-Baptiste Lanarck
Change over time
Order of classification
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Linnaeus
Created hierarchical classification system
Problem with classification system
Ranks are arbitrary and not biologically significant
Cutaneous respirators
Animals that diffuse gases across their skin using epithelium
-sponges, cnidarians, amphibians
Types of gills or branchia
- external gills and parapodia
- dermal papulae (sea stars)
- internal gills
Trachea
System of branched tubes that transport air to pockets of cells
Spiracles
External valves that regulate air intake and water loss
Lungs
Highly vascularized cavity where air is circulated
Advantage of 4 chambered heart
Prevents mixing of systemic and pulmonary circuit blood
-mammals and birds
Circulatory system
- Delivery of nutrients, oxygen, hormones, etc
2. Removal of metabolic wastes
Respiratory System
- Uptake of oxygen from environment
2. Release of CO2 wastes into environment
Open circulatory system
- most common
- blood circulates in hemocoel
- baffles and septa direct flow
Closed circulatory system
Blood travels through vessels that deliver and remove materials to cells
System of travel away from heart
Arteries - arterioles - capillaries
System of travel back to heart
Capillaries - venules - veins
Double circulatory system
- developed b/c of low blood pressure from single CS
- pulmonary and systemic circuit
- can mix oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Pulmonary circuit
Heart to lungs or gills
Systemic circuit
Heart to body tissues
Myelin sheath is produced by?
Glial cells
Nerve net
Network of neurons and sensory structure w/out a centralized control center
Bilateral nervous system
Nervous tissue divided into peripheral and central nervous system
Cephalization
Building up neurons and sensory structures in to head/anterior
