- triangular fibrocartilage disc - dorsal/palmar radioulnar ligaments - ulnar collateral ligament complex (includes palmar ulnocarpal ligaments) - meniscus homologue

Exam 2 Flashcards by Amelie Bruya

wrist flexion ROM

0-80 degrees

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist extension ROM

0-70 degrees

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

radial deviation ROM

0-25 degrees

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ulnar deviation ROM

0-35 degrees

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist open pack position

neutral flex/ext with slight ulnar deviation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist closed pack position

full extension

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist capsular pattern

flexion/extension equally limited

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist flexion end feel

firm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist extension end feel

firm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist ulnar deviation end feel

firm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist radial deviation end feel

firm to hard

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

TFCC components

triangular fibrocartilage disc
dorsal/palmar radioulnar ligaments
ulnar collateral ligament complex (includes palmar ulnocarpal ligaments)
meniscus homologue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist muscle with largest CSA:

flexor carpi ulnaris

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist flexors have greatest torque at:

40 degrees flexion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

wrist muscle with largest moment arm for ulnar deviation:

extensor carpi ulnaris

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

longest to shortest moment arms for flex/ext of wrist muscles

flexor carpi ulnaris
flexor carpi radialis
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi ulnaris

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

longest to shortest moment arm for RD/UD of wrist muscles

extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor carpi radialis longus
flexor carpi ulnaris
extensor carpi radialis brevis
flexor carpi radialis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

phases of opposition:

abduction

2. flexion with medial rotation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

posterior (dorsal oblique CMC ligament becomes taut with:

flexion/abduction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what ligament facilitates medial rotation at the CMC joint?

posterior (dorsal) oblique CMC ligament

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what motion does the anterior (volar) oblique ligament facilitate?

lateral rotation with extension/adduction at the CMC

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what structure contributes most to the stability of the distal radioulnar joint?

triangular fibrocartilage complex

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

orientation of the distal radius:

distal articulating surface for the carpus has a palmar tilt

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

orientation of finger MCPs

axes offset; tilted toward the ulnar side

-encourages distal positioning of the fingers toward thenar eminence to improve grip

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

thumb CMC open pack position:

midway between abd/adduction and midway between flex/ext

thumb CMC closed pack position:

full opposition

thumb CMC capsular pattern

abduction more limited than extension

finger CMC open pack position:

midway between flex/ext

finger CMC closed pack position

full flexion

finger CMC capsular pattern:

equal limitation in all directions

thumb MCP open pack position:

slight flexion

thumb MCP closed pack position:

full opposition

thumb MCP capsular pattern

flexion more limited than extension

finger MCP open pack position

slight flexion

finger MCP closed pack position

full flexion

finger MCP capsular pattern

flexion more limited than extension

forearm supination

0-80 deg

forearm pronation

0-80 dg

finger MCP abd

0-20 deg

finger MCPflex

0-90 (115) deg

finger MCP ext

0-30 deg

finger PIP ext/flex

0-90 (120)

finger DIP ext/flex

30-0-90

thumb CMC abd

0-45 deg

thumb CMC flex

0-35 deg

thumb CMC ext

0-15 deg

thumb MCP flex

0-60 deg

thumb MCP ext

0-10 deg

thumb IP flex

0-70 deg

thumb IP ext

0-20 deg

CMC finger joints

- plane joint (gliding) - motion essential for forming volar arch (grip) - increasing mobility radial to ulnar side

MCP finger joints type

-biaxial

finger PIP joint type

uniaxial hinge

finger DIP joint type

uniaxial hinge joint

thumb MCP joint type

condyloid (biaxial)

thumb CMC arthrokinematics:

flex/ext: concave on convex | ab/add: convex on concave

arthrokinematics for thumb MCP flex/ext:

roll and glide in the same direction

tightness of flexor digitorum superficialis potential for:

claw hand

flexor digitorum profuncus is ____ than flexor digitorum superficialis:

50% stronger

flexor digitorum profundus tightness potential for:

claw hand

tightness of flexor pollicis longus potential for:

ape hand

largest flexion pulleys of the finger:

2 and 4 | -attach to proximal and middle phalanges

finger flexion pulleys 1, 3, 5 attach to:

volar plates

purpose of synovial sheaths:

- protects tendons by reducing friction | - nutrition diffusion to tendons

torque differences of CMC, MCP, PIP

- torque and each joint decreases with distal progression - decreasing moment arm since thicker bone proximal - distal bones hug bone closer=small moment arm

effect of torn/cut pulleys:

-longer moment arm for flexion but bowstringing causes active insufficiency

tenodesis grip:

using tight finger flexors from a spinal cord injury for grip

juncturae tendinae:

- connective tissue structures that go from tendon to tendon to help keep things in place - tighten motion between digits

interossei fuse with:

lateral bands of the extensor mechanism

oblique fiber bundles of dorsal hood insert into:

lateral bands

flexion at PIP effect on extensor mechanism:

- tension on central tendon | - slacks lateral bands for ability to flex DIP

flexion of DIP effect on extensor mechanism:

- tension on lateral bands | - slack of central tendon and ability to flex at PIP

which intrinsic muscle has best moment arm for MCP flexion?

lumbricals

which head of the adductor pollicis has the greatest torque?

oblique head

opponens pollicis action:

medially rotates thumb

which intrinsic has the greatest torque advantage?

interossei: | -greater pCSA

intrinsic plus:

-lumbrical, interosseous and hypothenar tightness can lead to MCP flexion and IP extension

extrinsic plus:

-contraction of extrinsic finger muscles

phases of finger extension:

1. intrinsics muscle activation 2. PIP joint extends 3. oblique retinacular ligament stretched4. DIP joint extends

the oblique retinacular ligament is taut with:

extension of DIP and PIP joints

central band

- attaches to the dorsal side of the base of the middle phalanx - backbone of extensor mechanism - transmits extensor force from extensor digitorum across the PIP joint

lateral bands

- divide of central band and fuse to dorsal side of distal phalanx - transmit extensor force form the extensor digitorum, lumbricals, and interossei across the DIP and PIP

triangular ligament:

loosely connects lateral bands dorsally

dorsal hood:

- transverse fibers: connect extensor tendon with palmar plate at the MCP joint - oblique fibers: course distally and dorsally to fuse with lateral bands - stabilize extensor digitorum tendon, form sling around proximal phalanx, transfer force from intrinsics to lateral bands

oblique retinacular ligament

- connect fibrous digital sheaths to lateral bands | - helps coordinate movement between the PIP and DIP joints

the intrinsics of the hand attach into:

the extensor mechanism via the oblique fibers

what does wrist flexion do during finger extension?

helps maintain optimal length of the extensor digitorum

Exam 2 Flashcards

(87 cards)