Flashcards in Exam 2 Deck (229)
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1
What is the only parasitic protozoan of the small intestine?
Giardia lamblia
2
steatorrhea-
fatty stool
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does giardia feed on host tissues?
no
4
What host immune response is elicited against giardia?
IgA
5
What microscopy shows giardia covering GI tract?
SEM
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When will you see giardia trophs in fecal sample?
watery diarrhea (not enough time to encyst)
7
Which tests are for giardia in GI tract?
ELISA for parasite antigen
string test (enterotest)
8
Rx for giardia:
Flagyl (metronidazole)
Tindamax (tinidazole) = DOC
Nitazoxanide
Furazolidone-for children
9
Which two giardia drugs cant be taken with alcohol?
flagyl and tindamax
10
The commensal oral trichomonad?
T. tenax
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The commensal GI trichomonad?
P. hominis
12
Trichomonas vaginalis:
vagina and urethra of females
urethra, seminal vesicles and prostate of male
13
vaginalis trichomoniasis
•Transmission:
•Trophs cannot survive outside host
sexual contact
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What is pathology of T. vaginalis?
lyses and eats epithelial cells
15
Dx. of T. vaginalis
-wet mount of genital secretions
-OSOM Trichomonas Rapid Test (ELISA tests for parasite antigen, doctor can do this test)
-anaerobic in vitro culture
16
transmission can occur congenitally, but.....
parasite does not cross placenta or cervix. infant is infected during birth. RARE
17
Rx for Trichomonas vaginalis
Flagyl. 7 day bid or tid (2x a day or 3x a day)
no immunity
18
why is a lysosomal response not initiated in a cell invaded by an apicomplexan
they force their way in, they are not endocytized
19
Apicoplast is considered to be a relic of a:
chloroplast
20
During schizogony, multiple ______ occur, but only one ____ occurs
nuclear divisions
cytokinesis (into as many parts as there are nuclei)
21
chickens infected with eimeria contract "bloody cecum" aka:
cecal coccidiosis
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ingestion of what stage of eimeria infects chickens?
sporulated oocyst
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Chicken host defenses against eimeria:
shed epithelial cells, pass with feces before invading cell, macrophages kill a few
24
Isospora belli is now called:
Cystoisospora belli
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Isospora belli
-Only Isospora species to infect man!
oDistribution:
oNiche:
oDx:
oRx:
-Tropical regions (NOT IN USA)
- small intestine
-oocysts in fecal samples (external sporulation)
-TMP-SMX (Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. A.k.a. Bactrim/ Septra/ Cotrim)
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What kind of people do Isospora belli infect?
young, old, immunocompromised. Uncommon in immunocompetent
27
considered an "emerging" pathogen
cyclospora cayetanensis
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Cyclospora cayetanensis
distribution-
niche-
symptoms-
-it is self limiting
-sources-
-worldwide
-small intestine
-explosive diarrhea
-contaminated food and water
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Cyclospora catayensis
sporgony occurs where-
oocyst contains what composition of sporozoites/sporocysts-
oocysts are very ______- not easily visualized in unstained fecal sample.
-external
-2 sporocysts with 2 sporozoites each
-refractile
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