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Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Potassium Wasting Thiazide Diuretic

Uses: Diuretic and HTN

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2
Q

Trichlormethazide

A

Potassium Wasting Thiazide Diuretic

Uses: Diuretic and HTN

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3
Q

Furosemide

A

Potassium Wasting High Ceiling/Loop Diuretics

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4
Q

Ethacrynic Acid

A

Potassium Wasting High Ceiling/Loop Diuretics

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5
Q

Spironolactone

A

Potassium Sparing Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist

Uses: Diuretic

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6
Q

Eplerenone

A

Potassium Sparing Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist

Uses: Diuretic and HTN

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7
Q

Acetazolamide

A

Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor: Inhibits Bicarb reabsorption (H2O and Na excretion)
Uses: Diuretic

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8
Q

Triamterene

A

Potassium Sparing Na-K pore blocker Diuretic

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9
Q

Amiloride

A

Potassium Sparing Na-K pore blocker Diuretic

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10
Q

Mannitol

A

Osmotic Diuretic

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11
Q

Captopril

A

ACE Inhibitor: Vasodilator and Aldosterone secretion blocker

Uses: Diuretic and HTN

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12
Q

Enalapril

A

ACE Inhibitor: Vasodilator and Aldosterone secretion blocker

Uses: Diuretic and HTN

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13
Q

Quinidine

A

Class 1A Sodium Channel Blocker for Arrhythmias

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14
Q

Procainamide

A

Class 1A Sodium Channel Blocker for Arrhythmias

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15
Q

Disopyramide

A

Class 1A Sodium Channel Blocker for Arrhythmias

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16
Q

Mexiletine

A

Class 1B Sodium Channel Blocker for Arrhythmias

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17
Q

Lidocaine

A

Class 1B Sodium Channel Blocker for Arrhythmias

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18
Q

Propranolol

A

Class II B1 and B2 Adrenergic Receptor Blocker for Arrhythmias, Angina, and HTN

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19
Q

Metoprolol

A

Class II B1 Adrenergic Receptor Blocker for Arrhythmias, Angina and HTN

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20
Q

Atenolol

A

Class II B1 Adrenergic Receptor Blocker for Arrhythmias and Angina and HTN

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21
Q

Pindolol

A

Class II B1 Adrenergic Receptor Blocker for Arrhythmias and Angina and HTN

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22
Q

Amiodarone

A

Class III Potassium Channel Blocker for Arrhythmias

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23
Q

Dronedarone

A

Class III Potassium Channel Blocker for Arrhythmias

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24
Q

Verapamil

A

Class IV (Antiarrhythic)Calcium Channel Blocker for Arrhythmias and Angina and HTN

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25
Diltiazem
Class IV (Antiarrhythmic) Calcium Channel Blocker for Arrhythmias and Angina and HTN
26
Nifedipine
Class IV (Antiarrhythmic) Calcium Channel Blocker for Arrhythmias and Angina and HTN
27
Digoxin
Cardiac Glycoside for CHF
28
Digitoxin
Cardiac Glycoside for CHF
29
Amrinone
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor for CHF
30
Milrinone
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor for CHF
31
Dopamine
B1 Adrenoreceptor Agonists for CHF
32
Dobutamine
B1 Adrenoreceptor Agonist for CHF
33
Isoproterenol
B1 Adrenoreceptor Agonist for CHF
34
Carvedilol
B1 Adrenoreceptor Agonists for CHF | Alpha 1 Adrenoreceptor Antagonist for CHF
35
Metoprolol
B1 Adrenoreceptor Agonist for CHF
36
Amyl Nitrate
Nitrate for Angina
37
Nitroglycerin
Nitrate for Angina
38
Isosorbide dinitrate
Nitrate for Angina
39
Methyldopa
Antihypertensive acting on CNS
40
Clonidine
Antihypertensive acting on CNS
41
Trimethaphan
Emergency Antihypertensive acting on SNS (Autonomic ganglia) | Mech: Reduces Symp and Parasym output --> vasodilation and decrease TPR, HR, CO, and RAS activity
42
Prazosin
Alpha Adrenoreceptor Blocker (HTN)
43
Hydralazine
Activator of cGMP Synthesis: Vasodilator for Essential HTN
44
Minoxidil
K Channel Activator: Arterile Dilation for Essential HTN
45
Amlodipine
Ca Channel Blocker: Vasodilator | Uses: HTN and Angina and CHF
46
Losartan
Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist: Vasodilation and Aldosterone inhibitor HTN treatment
47
Quinapril
ACE Inhibitor: Reduces plasma AII and Aldosterone (decrease blood volume) Uses: HTN
48
Atorvastatin
Inhibitor of HMG CoA Reductase for Hypercholesterolemia
49
Lovastatin
Inhibitor of HMG CoA Reductase | Uses: Hypercholesterolemia
50
Pravastatin
Inhibitor of HMG CoA Reductase | Uses: Hypercholesterolemia
51
Ezetimibe
Inhibitor of gastrointestinal cholesterol absorbtion | uses: Hypercholesterolemia
52
Cholestyramine
Inhibitors of reuptake of bile acids from the GI tract | Uses: Hypercholesterolemia
53
Colestipol
Inhibitors of reuptake of bile acids from the GI tract | Uses: Hypercholesterolemia
54
Insulin
Decrease Plasma Glucose; Increase cellular glucose utilization; Increase glucose uptake into muscle and fat; Decrease Hepatic output of glucose Uses: Usually Type I diabetes; Some type II
55
Tolbutamine: Oral
Sulfonyl Urea Receptor activating compound; Induces insulin release Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
56
Glyburide: Oral
Sulfonyl Urea Receptor activating compound; Induces insulin release Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
57
Glypizide: Oral
Sulfonyl Urea Receptor activating compound; Induces insulin release Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
58
Repaglinide: Oral
K-Channel Closing Compound; Induces release of insulin independent of SU receptors. (quicker action; taken before meals)
59
Exenatide: Injection
Protein Activators of Insulin Secretion; Induces release of insulin
60
Metformin: Oral
Affects glucose handling by GI and Liver; Decreases hepatic glucose production and decreases glucose absorption in GI
61
Piolitazone
Increases insulin sensitivity; Limit increase of BG; Does not induce hypoglycemia
62
Rosiglitazone (now restricted)
Increases insulin sensitivity; Limit increase of BG; Does not induce hypoglycemia
63
Troglitoxone (now restricted)
Increases insulin sensitivity; Limit increase of BG; Does not induce hypoglycemia
64
Ethinyl estradiol | Mestranol
Estrogen Components of Oral Contraceptives
65
Desogestrel Norgestrel Norethrindone Drospirenone
Progestin Components of Oral Contraceptives
66
Levonorgestrel
Implanted Contraceptive: Progestin Formula; Drug diffuses for 5 years Contraceptive Drug-Coated IUD; Lasts up to 7 years; Prime effect is local- viscous cervical mucous (may inhibit ovulation)
67
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Injected to provide 3 month contraception
68
Estradiol and Norethrindone
Patch Contraceptive mixed Estrogen and Progestin
69
Contraceptive Drug-Coated Vaginal Ring
Mixed estrogen and progestin; Lasts 21 days; Prime effect is local- viscous cervical mucus (may inhibit ovulation)
70
Estradiol
Non-Contraceptive use of Estrogen and Progestin | Uses: Treatment of Estrogen dependent Tumors; Postmenopausal Homone Replacement Treatment
71
Norethrindone
Uses: Treatment of Estrogen dependent Tumors; Postmenopausal Homone Replacement Treatment
72
Estrogen and Medroxyprogesterone
Uses: Treatment of Estrogen dependent Tumors; Postmenopausal Homone Replacement Treatment
73
Estradiol and Norethindrone
Uses: Treatment of Estrogen dependent Tumors; Postmenopausal Homone Replacement Treatment
74
Estradiol and Testosterone
Uses: Treatment of Estrogen dependent Tumors; Postmenopausal Homone Replacement Treatment
75
Tamoxifen
Estrogen receptor antagonist | Uses: Treatment of breast cancer
76
Raloxifene
Estrogen receptor agonist | Uses: Prevent/Delay osteoporosis
77
Clomiphene
Partial agonist at estrogen receptor in hypothalamus- Blocks action of estrogen in hypothalamus- Increases GnRH, LH, and FSH and Follicle development and ovulation Uses: Treat anovulatory infertility
78
Mifepristone RU486
Abortion Drug: Antagonist at progestin receptors. Prevents implant of fertilized ovum, terminates pregnancy if implantation has already occured
79
Hydroxyprogesterone
Agonist at progesterone receptors; prolongs pregnancy; Prevents spontaneous miscarriage and premature birth
80
Thryroglobulin Levothyroxin, T4 Liothryonine, T3 Liotrix
Used to treat hypothyroidism
81
Propylthiouracil Methimazole Radioactive Iodine, I-131
Used to treat Hyperthyroidism
82
Acetylsalicylic Acid
Irreversible Chemical Inhibition of COX (Cyclooxygenase) molecule -Suppresses antibody production and inhibits blood clotting by inhibiting platelet aggregation -Can cause respiratory alkolosis (at low doses) or metabolic acidosis (at high doses) Uses: Analgesia, Antipyresis, Anti-inflammatory Adverse: Metabolic acidosis, GI irritation/bleeding, hypersensitivity, Reye's syndrome
83
Acetaminophen
Antipyretic and Analgesic - Mech: COX inhibitor - Stronger effect in CNS than in Periphery
84
Indomethacin
Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic, Antipyretic, Depresses bone marrow Mech: Inhibits PG syntheses by COX Uses: Acute Rheumatic Disorders, Gout, Osteoarthritis, Antipyresis in Hodgkin's Adverse: GI distress (like aspirin), Reduced platelet production
85
Ibuprofin | Naproxin
Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic, Antipyretic Mech: Inhibits COX Uses: Antipyretic, Anti-Inflammatory (osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis) Advers: Similar to aspirin (acytelsalicylic Acid but not as severe or frequent)
86
Celcoxib Rofecoxib Valdecoxib
COX-2 Inhibitors: targets site of inflammation, less GI side effects and less effect of bleeding time Uses: Arthritis and chronic (non-skeletal) pain Adverse: Cardiovascular dysfunction
87
Zileuton
LOX inhibitor Uses: Anti-inflammatory Uses: Asthma and other inflammatory respiratory conditions (used as a prophylactic)
88
Montelukast | Zafirlukast
Leukotriene Receptor Inhibitor Anti-Inflammatory Uses: Asthma (prophylactic) and other inflammatory respiratory conditions
89
Cortisone | Hydrocortisone
Natural Glucocorticoid Uses: Anti-Inflammatory (for allergic, infectious and other inflammatory disorders of skin, ocular, and respiratory mucous membranes); Severe allergic responces; Osteoarthritis; Autoimmune Diseases; Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Adrenocortical insufficiency; Hematologic and Neoplastic conditions; Immunosuppressant; CNS Trauma Adverse: Large Doses for short time=No effect Large Doses w/ Chronic Therapy= problems GI tract, CNS, Fluid/Electrolyte imbalance, Cushingoid signs, Slow wound healing
90
Predinsone Prednisolone Dexamethasone Betamethasone
Synthetic Glucocorticoid Uses: Anti-Inflammatory (for allergic, infectious and other inflammatory disorders of skin, ocular, and respiratory mucous membranes); Severe allergic responces; Osteoarthritis; Autoimmune Diseases; Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Adrenocortical insufficiency; Hematologic and Neoplastic conditions; Immunosuppressant; CNS Trauma Adverse: Large Doses for short time=No effect Large Doses w/ Chronic Therapy= problems GI tract, CNS, Fluid/Electrolyte imbalance, Cushingoid signs, Slow wound healing

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