Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Mythology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

(78 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Fates

A

Clotho, Lachesis, Atropos

Weaver, lengther or whatever, cutter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Poseidon

A

Bro Zeus
god of sea
“ earthquakes
“ horses and bulls

Looks like Zeus (middle aged, beard)
Sometimes more disheveled hair
Trident

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Poseidon animal

A

“Sea” horses

Few stories with him as main character, just agent (flood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Creatures associated with Poseidon

A

Cyclopes, Medusa, Pegasus, Scylla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Polyphemus…

A

… and Galatea (and Acis)
Tried to get her. Ugly cyclops, beautiful Neiriad, daughter of pos
Combing hair with rake, 100 reed pan flute, excuses for one eye
Polyphemus smash Acis with mountain
Blood - Sicilian river - became spirit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Apollo

A

“Young” god
Bow and arrow or lyre
youthful male existence
Son of Zeus and titan Leto

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Apollo’s Domains

A

Poetry
Music
Archery/hunting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Apollo’s birthplace

A

Delos
Leto fled there, reluctantly allow her
Eilytheia (goddess of childbirth) kept away by Hera, eventually bribed to help

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Apollo at…

A

… Delphi
Killed the Python with bow and arrow at the tender age of 4 days
Must be purified
Established oracle
Explain replacement of old belief at site (Ge-Themis/Earth-goddess worship)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Delphi

A

Site of Pythian Games (major Panhellenic festival)
Site of major oracle in Greek world (tied with Oracle of Dodona - Zeus)
Key site for receiving Apollo’s prophecies (through Pythian priestess)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pythian priestess

A

Debate about what role she served
Lots of autonomy
High place at Delphi owes to older tradition associated with Python (perhaps an earlier Earth-goddess type)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Castilian Spring

A

Where Apollo killed Python

Place of purification for travelers and Pythian priestess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Apollo’s Relations

A

Both heterosexual and homosexual
Several end tragically
Male youth - young love/lust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Daphne

A

Laurel

Laurel crown for poets and athletes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hyacinthus…

A

…And the jealous Zephyr (West Wind)

Threw discus, wind pushed it and killed Hyacinthus, blood flowed and made flower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sibyl of Cumae

A

Roman
Depicted as raving, when inspired by the god
- not ready, raged, until he controlled her
Theme that god’s gift = bad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cassandra

A

Concubine of Agamemnon
Given gift of prophecy by Apollo if she gave herself to him
Changed mind - Apollo asked for kiss, spit in her mouth, no one believes her fortunes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Apollo’s epithet

A

“Phoebus” - “shining”

Connected to Helios

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Apollo and Helios

A

Can’t remember

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Phaethon

A

Son of Helios and Cyrene
Approaches Helios to learn birthrite
Grants him wish on Styx
Ride chariot, can’t control, scorched Lybia, threatens Olympus, Zeus kills him, horses return to the West

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Gnothi Seauton

A

“Know thyself”
Know your place
Saying at Oracle of Delphi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hermès

A

Winged shoes
Traveler’s hat
Caduceus (messenger’s staff - don’t shoot the messenger) *
Young god

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Hermès Domains

A 
Herald/messenger of the gods (primary role)
god of boundaries
god of thieves
Guide for travelers
god of herds (livestock)
Trickster god
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hermès as messenger

A

Intermediary between humans and gods (mainly Zeus)
Helps Zeus cheat
Function mirrors contemporary Greek and a Roman heralds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Homeric Hymns
Origin stories
26
Hermès origin story
Child of Zeus and Maia (daughter of Atlas) Invented lyre from tortoise while in cave Theft of Apollo’s cattle I’m a baby! Gave lyre to Apollo Prophecy? Nah. Okay, best buddies
27
Liminal
Edge of boundaries and able to move freely from one to another
28
Athena
War helmet Shield (aegis of Zeus) with Gorgons Long peplos (dress) Perennial virgin
29
Athena’s Domains
Textile production Military strategy Wisdom Patron of heroes
30
Athena’s origin
Daughter of Zeus and Métis (“Cunning”) Zeus heard prophecy from Gaia son with Métis overthrow him Zeus swallows Métis Zeus was assisted by Hep to deliver - ax to head
31
Athena and Arachne
Didn’t acknowledge Athena’s assistance Visits, ignores advice Compete Athena tap - humans being punished by gods Arachne - gods behaving badly Athena beats her, she hangs herself, turns her into spider
32
Athena in Athens
Cecropia Poseidon offer horses Athena promised olive tree Or footrace
33
Athena Parthenos
“Athena the Maiden” in Parthenon Nike in hand Story of Pandora on base Amazons vs Athens and Gigantomachy on shield ( and gorgon head) Battle of Lapiths (neighboring community) with centaurs on sandals
34
Panathenaia
Public festival for Athena Dressing her w new gown and sporting events Panhellenic (“all of Greece”) event but focused on Athenian excellence
35
Athena liminal
Both male and female attributes Roles and responsibilities due to liminal and parentage Prominence of Athenian lit - popular
36
Aphrodite
Born of the testes of Uranus
37
Aphrodite depictions
Matron (married woman) Then thinner fabric Then boob Then naked
38
Aphrodite myth elements
Erotic love is imperative of living things Avoiding it leads to self-destruction Reverence toward Aphrodite
39
Eros
``` Son of Aphrodite Primordial being (with Gaia) ``` Boy god with bow and arrow Shoots mortals to make them fall in love
40
Pygmalion and Galatea
Women of Cyprus turned into prostitutes Pygmalion like nah Makes Galatea, falls in love
41
Platonic Eros (The Symposium)
Dialogue by Plato on sex (Eros) | Male drinking party
42
Aristophanes and Eros Pandemios
Primordial humans Children of the sun - 2 males fused Earth - females Moon - male female (“androgynous”)
43
Socrates and Alcibiades
Alcibiades - most handsome in Athens Socrates only pretends to be sexually attracted to young men, but reserved Tries to seduce him by getting knowledge, no
44
Socrates and Eros Uranios (Divine Love)
Diotima of Mantinea | Taught Socrates what universal love is
45
Types of love
Eros Pandemios - “common love” Eros Uranios - “celestial love” love toward ideal beauty, beauty of the universals, goodness, etct Platonic love
46
Cupid and Psyche
Cupid rescued from Aphrodite’s jealousy monster Fell in love, kept secret id “forbidden love” Jealous sisters - “look at him” Leaves, had to do impossible tasks Now called “volupa” or “pleasure” married
47
Cupid and Psyche motifs
``` True love - all Hidden identity - Little Mermaid Wicked sister’s - Cinderella Impossible tasks - Rumpelstiltskin Happily ever after - Disney ```
48
Artemis
``` Twin of Apollo Zeus and Leto Born in Delos, Ortygia, or Crete goddess of childbirth “” young girls “” wild animals ```
49
Artemis depictions | M
Young maiden Bow, sometimes a torch Moon Virgin goddess
50
Artemis and Callisto
``` Follower of Artemis (no sex) Lured by Zeus - prego Expelled by Art Bear (Zeus or Hera) Nearly killed by son Arcas (hunter) Ursa Major ```
51
Artemis and Actaeon
Hunter violated her Turned into stag Killed by hounds
52
Artemis at Brauron
``` Ritual for young girls Special sanctuary Bears, played games Rite of Passage Not much known ```
53
Artemis and Hippolytus
Son of Theseus (king of Athens) * and Amazon queen (Hippolytus or Antiope) No women - hunt Aph causes Phaedra stepmom to love Reveals love She kills self, leaves letter accusing Theseus curses him, causing Poseidon to send sea monster Died, but reconciled first
54
Artemis and Hippolytus themes
Overly pious, or rightly pious and gods petty? Contrasts ruin from excessive carnal love and rejection of love Characterization: Theseus (old man) and Hippolytus (young man)
55
Theater of Dionysus
Athens Plays were competitive events in honor of Dionysus Tragodia “goat-song”
56
Atalanta
Dev to Artemis No marry, father arranged footrace for husband Hippomenes - 3 golden apples May or may not happy No credit to Aph - sex at sanctuary Transforms into lions - folktales they can’t have sex
57
Hades
Olympian, Kronos and Rhea Underworld Not big in myth Euphemisms - Pluto (Greek), Dis (Roman) = wealthy Underscores Greek and Roman discomfort with death
58
Homer’s Odyssey
In death, everyone goes down Necromancy: sacrificing black rams Katabasis: descent into underworld
59
Odysseus’ Reanimation of the dead
Phantoms he sees appear confused/senseless Require blood (sacrifice to be reanimated) Necromancy or katabasis?
60
Important figures in Odyssey
``` Elpenor Tiresias (prophet) Achilles - hares it Agamemnon - killed by wife Ajax - killed self ```
61
Achilles to Odysseus
I would rather be the poorest man on Earth than the prince of the Underworld Live here, nothing beyond
62
Plato’s myth of Er
Republic Soldier, died. 10 days later, not decomp 2 days later in pyre, explains 2 paths, good or bad. Eventually live with gods Lethe Example of myth “creation” (or synthesis) Messenger from dead Death and Rebirth - Pythagorean Cult Reward and punishment -Orphic cult Selection of lots for reincarnation - democracy
63
Hades Tropes
Charon Minos (judge of souls) Cerberus Furies (Erinyes) vengeful being - blood guilt Sisyphus Tantalus Ixion Tityus
64
Hades rivers
``` Acheron river of pain Cocytus river of wailing Lethe river of forgetfulness Phlegethon river of fire Styx river of hate ```
65
Dionysus
Son of Zeus and Semele * (Thebes) god of vegetation Ecstatic behavior
66
Dionysus depictions
``` With or without beard Icons: Thyrsus * (pine cone staff) Cup/vines (wine) Leopard/tiger Young Long flowing hair Non Greek, exotic ```
67
Dionysus Birth
Semele a princess of Thebes Zeus comes human Hera old lady doubts
68
Dionysus etymology
Dio god of Nysa - a city/mountain in India
69
Dionysus and Pentheus
Euripides’ Bacchae Thebes - punish royal house and prove divine status Cousin Pentheus young ruler, hated Dionysian rituals (cult) and tried to stop it Captured Dion Frees self, possess Pent Spy on mother Agave and aunts, mistake for lion, Dismember him
70
Dionysus and Pentheus elements
Establishment as god Sacrilege/over propriety of Pent Paradoxical nature- self-control/madness Elements of Dionysian mysteries (religion)
71
Dionysus wife
Ariadne | Daughter of Minos (Crete)
72
Satyr
Could be horse or Hooved Overindulges in sex and alcohol Proxy for male desires
73
Maenads/Bacchae
``` Mythical human followers of Dionysus Possessed by ecstasy of Dionysus Sparagmos (tearing of flesh) Omophagos (eating of uncooked flesh) Hyper-sexual Bad women’s ```
74
Demeter and Persephone
Demeter - mother/earth goddess, grain Persephone - maiden/earth goddess, budding vegetation
75
Demeter and Persephone story
Hanging out in woods Persephone lured by flowers Hades kidnaps Helios saw, Hecate only heard (underworld) Demeter wanders with torch, Hecate told, Helios said suitable husband Wandered Greece, went to Eleusis Demophoon - became his nanny, try immortal Iambe nurse - make laugh and Kykeon No grain, Zeus like come on, deal for 2/3, sealed by pomegranate
76
Demeter and Persephone Themes
Athenian Marriage - arranged, double age, meet on wedding day. Traumatic Sacred marriage (Hades and Persephone) Death/rebirth Aetiology for seasons
77
Mystery cults
Secret (mystes = initiate) Personal choice Open to all, usually closer to god
78
Famous mystery
``` Eleusian Mysteries Heirophant - head priest Hieron - sacred object Priestess of Demeter Kykeon ```

Mythology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions