Exam 2- Chapter 5

Question 1

composed of epithelial cells, the outermost protective shield of the body, keratinized

Answer 1

Epidermis

Question 2

Making up the bulk of the skin, tough leathery layer composed mostly of fibrous connective tissue

Answer 2

Dermis

Question 3

Only the _____ is vascularized. Nutrients reach the ____ by diffusing through the tissue fluid from blood vessels in the dermis

Answer 3

dermis

epidermis

Question 4

The subcutaneous tissue just deep to the skin is known as the

Answer 4

hypodermis

Question 5

storing fat and anchors skin to underlying structures

Answer 5

hypodermis

Question 6

the keratinoytes arise in the deepest part of the epidermis from a cell layer called the _____

Answer 6

stratum basal

Question 7

are found in the deepest layer of the epidermis

Answer 7

Melanocytes

Question 8

Arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis

Answer 8

Dendritic cells

Question 9

are key activators of our immune system and ingest foreign substances

Answer 9

Dendritic cells

Question 10

a sensoy receptor for touch

Answer 10

Tactile cells

Question 11

deepest epidermal layer; one row of actively mitotic stem cells; some newly formed cells become a part of the more superficial layers

Answer 11

Stratum basale

Question 12

Several layers of keratinocytes unfied by desmosome. Cells contain thick bundles of intermediate filaments made of pre-keratine

Answer 12

Stratum spinosum

Question 13

Typically 5 layers of flattened cells, organelles deteriorating; cytoplasm full of lamellar granules and keratohyaline granules

Answer 13

stratum granulosum

Question 14

most superficial later 20-30 layers of dead cells, essentally flat membranous sacs filled with keratin

Answer 14

Stratum corneum

Question 15

visable only in thick skin, thin translucent band

Answer 15

Stratum lucidum

Question 16

Its cells are typical of those found in any connective tissue proper: Fibrolasts, mcrophages, and occasional mast cells

Answer 16

dermis

Question 17

areolar connective tissue in whichfin interlacing collahen and elastic fibers from loosely woven mat that is heavily invested with small blood vessels

Answer 17

Papillary layer

Question 18

peglike projections from the surface indent the overlying epidermis, house free nerve endings and touch receptors

Answer 18

dermal papillae

Question 19

assumed i=to enhance grippig ability of the fingers and fet

Answer 19

friction ridges

Question 20

is found only in the deeper layers of the epidermis

Answer 20

melanin

Question 21

freckles and moles are local accumulations of

Answer 21

melanin

Question 22

a yellow to orange pigments found in certain plant products

Answer 22

Carotene

Question 23

the pinkish hue of fair skin

Answer 23

hemoglobin

Question 24

the portion of the hair at which keratinization is complete

Answer 24

shaft

Question 25

keratinization is still ongowing

Answer 25

root

Question 26

central core of the hair consisting of large cells and air space

Answer 26

medulla

Question 27

a bulky layer surrounding the medulla, consists of several layers of flattened cells

Answer 27

cortex

Question 28

formed from a single layer of cells overlapping one another, keeps the hair from matting, provides strength

Answer 28

cuticle

Question 29

red hair is colored by the iron containing pigment

Answer 29

trichosiderin

Question 30

a nipple-like bit of dermal tissue protrudes into the hair bulb,containts a knot of capillaries that supplies nutrients to the growing hair and signals it to grow

Answer 30

hair papilla

Question 31

its contraction pulls the hair follucle upright and dimples the skin surface to produce goosebumps in response to cold temperatures or fear

Answer 31

arrector pili also acts as a skin lubricant and is used to scare of other animals by raising the hair

Question 32

the body hair of children and alsot females is pale and fie

Answer 32

vellus

Question 33

course long hair of eyebrows and scalp

Answer 33

terminal hair

Question 34

excessive hairiness on a woman

Answer 34

hirsutism

Question 35

responsible for nail growth

Answer 35

nail matrix

Question 36

the region that like over the thick nail matrix appears as a white cresent

Answer 36

lunule

Question 37

the proximal and lateral borders of the nail are overlapped by skin folds

Answer 37

nail folds

Question 38

the proximal nail fold projects onto the nail body as the

Answer 38

cuticle

Question 39

the free edge of the nail whre dirt and debris tent to accumulate and secures the free edge

Answer 39

hyponychium

Question 40

are distributed over the entire skin surface except the nipples and parts of the external genitalia

Answer 40

sweat glands

Question 41

far more numerous and are particularly abundant on the palms, soles of feet and forehead. Extends open at a pore

Answer 41

eccrine glands

Question 42

regulated by the nervous system

Answer 42

eccrine glands

Question 43

ducts empty into hair follicles

Answer 43

apocrine glands

Question 44

releases a fatty substance and proteins so it sometimes has a milky yellowish color

Answer 44

apocrine

Question 45

modified apocrine glands found in the lining of the external ear canal. Forms ear wax

Answer 45

ceruminous glands

Question 46

sweat glands that secrete milk

Answer 46

mammary glands

Question 47

simple branched alveolar glands that are found all over the body exept in the thick skin of the palms and soles

Answer 47

sebaceous glands, oil glands

Question 48

the oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands

Answer 48

sebum

Question 49

Biological barriers of the skin include

Answer 49

dendritic cells microphages DNA

Question 50

cutaneous sensations

Answer 50

Temperature touch pain

Question 51

respond to stimuli outside of the body

Answer 51

cutaneous sensory receptors

Question 52

the least malignant and most common

Answer 52

basal cell carcinoma

Question 53

the second most common skin cancer, arises from the keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum

Answer 53

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 54

the lesion appears as a scaly reddened papule, arise most often on the head

Answer 54

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 55

the most dangerous skin cancer because it is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy

Answer 55

Melanoma

Question 56

ABCD rule for melanoma

Answer 56

Asymmetry Border irregularity Color Diamerter

Question 57

in this burn only the epidermis is damaged

Answer 57

first degree

Question 58

injure the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis, blisters also appear

Answer 58

Second degree burn

Question 59

full thickness burn involving all regions of the skin

Answer 59

third degree burn