Exam 2 - Classification Flashcards
(16 cards)
Taxonomy
“taxa”
Classification of living organisim
Universal langange of I.D.
Taxa - one group of organism
Domain
Kingdom
Pylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
3 Domains
what are the 3 domains and describe
How are they catagorized?
1) Eukarya - animals, plants, fungi & protist
2) Bacteria - prokaryotes, no nucleus
3) Archea - prokaryotes w/o peptidoglycan cell wall in extreme environment. Carries out unusual metabolic process
Categorized based on rRNA, Membrane lipid structure, tRNA & sensitivity to antibiotics
Prokaryotes’ reproduction
Binary fission - single parent, clones, pure culture
Bacteria Proteobacteria
(Bacteria does not have a kingdom)
Describe and what are the 5 classes
- Chemoheterotrophic - Needs organic molecules for C & energy
- Gram -
- Assumes many shapes
- No nucleus
5 classes
Alphaproteobacteria
Betaproteobacteria
Gammaproteobacteria
Deltaproteobacteria
Epsilonproteobacteria
Obligate intracellular parasite
Facultative intracellular parasite
Intracellular parasite
Growing & reproducing inside a cell only
Growing & reproducing inside AND outside a cell
Capable of growing & reporducing inside a cell
Obligate Aerobe
Obligate Anaerobic
Facultative Anaerobic
Microaerophiles
Aerotolerant
Needs presence of O2
Die in presence of O2
Can live and grow with or w/o O2 but grows better with O2
Can live at low levels of O2
Not affected by O2
Alphaproteobacteria
Describe & what are some of the diseases
- Grow in low levels of nutritions
- Unusual morphology
- Obligate intracellular parasites
- Agrobacterium - plant pathogen that inserts DNA
- Baronella henselae: cat scratch disease
- Brucella: Brucellosis
- Ehrlichia: Tickborne
- Rickettsia: Arthropod-borne, spotted fevers
- Azospirillum: grows in soil, nitrogen fix, uses nutrients from plants
- Rhizobium: Fix nitrogen in root of plants
Betaproteobacteria
Describe & what are some of the diseases
Utilize nutrients from decomposition of organic matter:
- Hydrogen Gas
- Ammonia
- Methane
Neisseria: cocci shape
- N. meningtidis
- N. gonorrhoeae
Bordetella: Rod shape
- B. pertussis
Gammaproteobacteria
Describe & what are some of the diseases
- Largest Group
- Some microbes used in industrial settings
Pseudomonadales: Opportunistic, Polar flagella, fluorescent pigments, metabiotically diverse.
Legionella: in streams, warm water pipes, cooling towers.
Vibrionales: in costal water
- V. Cholerae: Cholera
- V. parahaemolyticus: gastroenteritis
Enterobacteriales: facultative anaerobic, pertrichous flagella
- Enterobacter
- Erwinia
- Escherichia
- Klebsiella
- Proteus
- Salmonella
- Serratia
- Shigella
- Yersinia
Epsilonproteobacteria
Describe & what are some of the diseases
- Slender, Helical or curved
- Microaerophilic
Campylobacter: polar flagellum, Vibrio shaped
- C. Fetus: spontaneous abortions
- C. Jejuni: leading cause food borne intenstinal disease
Helicobacter: Multiple flagella, oncogenic - stomach cancer/peptic ulcers
Planctomycetes -
Describe
- Budding bacteria
- no peptiodglycan
- Organelle resembles nucleus of eukaryote
Chlamydias -
Describe & what are some of the diseases
- Cocci
- no peptidoglycan
Chlamydia trachomatis: STI, urethritis, trachoma
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Chlamydophila psittaci - respiratory disease
(2) Firmicutes +
Describe diseases
Clostridium: Obligate anaerobes, Endospore
- C. Tetani
- C. Botulinum
- C. Difficile
**Bacillales: ** Rod and cocci shape
- Bacillus: Endospore, Rods
1. B. anthrasis - Stapylococcus: Cocci, common surgical wound infection, on our skin and inside nose, develops quick resistance to antibiotics, faculative anaerobes
- Streptococcus: Spherical shape, chain
- meningitis
- pneumonia
- sore throats
- dental caries (cavity)
Streptococcus
describe the 3 hemolysis
Hemolysin - Toxin that lyses RBC
- Alpha - partial hemolysis, pulls heme and leaves globulin = greening
- Beta - complete hemolysis, most pathogenic
- Gamma - non hemolytic
Actinobacteria +
High G + C ration
