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histopath > exam 2: dental pulp > Flashcards

exam 2: dental pulp Flashcards

1
Q

the dental pulp consists of loos connective tissue derived from ____________cells.

A

neural crest (ectomesenchymal) cells

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2
Q

mature dental pulp is divided into two compartments :

A

odontogenic zone
pulpal core

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3
Q

4 parts of odontogenic zone of dental pulp:

A
  1. odontoblast cell layer
  2. cell-free zone of weil
  3. cell-rich zone
  4. parietal plexus of nerves (raschkow’s plexus)
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4
Q

4 parts of pulpal core of dental pulp:

A
  1. fibroblasts
  2. type I and II collagen
  3. extracellular matrix
  4. blood vessels
  5. nerve tissue
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5
Q

4 functions of dental pulp

A

embryonic induction
formative
protective
reparative

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6
Q

cell population in pulpal tissue include:
1
2 (this is the most popular of all cells)
3
4
5
6
7
8

A
  1. odontoblasts
  2. fibroblasts
  3. undifferentiated mesenchymal cells
  4. macrophages—-
  5. dendritic cells— 4&5 both 8% of total cell population
  6. blood vessel-related cells
  7. neural-related cells
  8. lymphocytes
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7
Q

makes up the extracellular matrix of pulpal tissues:
1
2

A
  1. collagen types I, III, IV, V (III being the most numerous)
  2. non-collagenous matrix components
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8
Q

components of non-collagenous matrix in the ECM of pulpal tissues

A
  1. proteoglycans
  2. glycosaminoglycans
  3. phosphoproteins
  4. glycoproteins
  5. y-carboxyglutamate containg proteins (BMP, FGF, EGF, DMP)
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9
Q

pulpal innervation includes both myelinated and nonmyelinated nerve axons. They progressively branch, passing through the subodontoblastic layer and the _______________, on to the odontoblastic cell layer and some fibers enter into _________

A

parietal neural plexus (Rashchow’s plexus)

into dentinal tubules

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10
Q

most nerve endings in pulp are for _____ with a few concerned with vasodilation or constriction

A

pain

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11
Q

sensory afferents from the nerve __________:
1
2
3
4

A

trigeminal CV

  1. pain
  2. mechanical (pressure)
  3. thermal (heat)
  4. tactile (touch)
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12
Q

________branches from the SUPERIOR CERVICAL GANGLION are primarily vasomotor fibers to pulpal blood vessels, concerned for the most part, with _________

A

sympathetic

vasoconstriction

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13
Q

majority of myelinated pulpal axons are:

A

A-delta

-fasting conducting
-diameter in range of 1-6um

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14
Q

1% of myelinated nerve fibers are classified as

A

a-beta fibers
-6-12 um diameter

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15
Q

nonmyelinated fibers are designated as:

these have small diameters ranging from .4 to 1.2um

A

C fibers

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16
Q

these fibers are associated with sharp, localized pain:

these fibers are associated with dull, diffuse pain

A

a-delta sharp
c fibers dull

17
Q

list all neuropeptides and neurotransmitters identified in the dental pulp:
1
2
3
4
5
6

A
  1. CGRP- calcitonin gene related peptide
  2. substance P
  3. epinephrine
  4. norepinephrine
  5. dopamine
  6. endorphin
18
Q

neuropeptides and neurotransmitters identified in the dental pulp that:

vasodilation, stimulates fibroblast cell division

A

calcitonin gene related peptide and substance P

19
Q

neuropeptides and neurotransmitters identified in the dental pulp that:
vasoconstriction via arteriole smooth muscle

A

epinephrine

20
Q

neuropeptides and neurotransmitters identified in the dental pulp that is sympathetic vasoconstrictor:

A

norepinephrine

21
Q

vasoactive or precursor of epinephrine

A

dopamine

22
Q

silencer of nociceptors (silence of pain)

A

endorphin

23
Q

each fiber contributes at least ___branches to raschkow’s plexus. most terminate in the plexus as FREE nonmyelinated nerve endings

A

8 branches

24
Q

predentin has (more/less) nerve axons compared to dentin up to 100um

what is the order of most to least nerve axons between=
mineralizing front, predentin and dentin up to 100um

A

more

predentin>mineralizing front>dentin up tp 100um

25
Q

what is the order of most to least nerve axons based on remaining crown, root, and pulp horn=

A

pulp horn>remaining crown> root

as you get further into tooth, there are less nerve axons

26
Q

the terminal capillaries anastomose (branch) deep to the odontoblastic layer.

-capillary _____ are dense in the coronal and pulp horns and much less dense in the radicular pulp

-_________ capillaries, _____ capillaries and lymph vessels are found in pulp

-with age, blood vessels in pulp will exhibit changes such as ____________. if this progressive it can result in pulpal hypoxia due to vessel strangulation

A

capillary loops

continuous and fenestrated capillaries

cholseterol plaque (atherosclerosis)

27
Q

what capillaries leak serum that become a component of the “tissue fluid”
-also contribute to swelling and edema due to significant leakage of serum in states of inflammation

A

fenestrated

28
Q

what occurs with increasing age or persistent low-grade injury (ex. multiple restorations in a single tooth, chronic bruxism, repeated thermal insult)

A

pulpal fibrosis

29
Q

irregular calcified deposits along collagen fiber bundles or within blood vessels resulting from chronic low grade inflammation

A

diffuse calcifications

30
Q

pulp stones aka denticles

true pulp stones contain _________.
false pulp stones feature _________________ but are void of dentinal tubules

A

true=dentinal tubules
false= concentric layers of calcified tissue (void dentinal tubules

31
Q

pulp stones are classified as either :
1
2
3

A

free
attached
embedded

32
Q

defined as a dense aggregation of neutrophils and macrophages and other inflammatory cells within connective tissue undergoing liquefactive necrosis

A

abcess

33
Q

due to inability of pulpal tissue to swell, the increasing edema and inflammatory cell infiltration will eventually lead to pulpal _______ that in turn is expressed clinically by persistent pain and periapical necrosis of the PDL and associated alveolar bone

A

pulpal necrosis

34
Q

periapical necrosis is seen on dental radiographs as a _______ area associated with the apex of the involved tooth

A

radiolucent

35
Q
A

histopath (13 decks)

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