Exam 2: Drug Use and Addiction

Question 1

What was the main goal of the Temperance Movement:

Answer 1

Was to promote more people to moderately drink beer and wine and abstain from drinking liquor

Question 2

What two Constitutional Amendments were involved in the Temperance Movement?

Answer 2

18th Amendment and the 21st amendment

Question 3

Outline the purpose of the 2 amendments involved in the Temperance Movement.

Answer 3

The 18th amendment was prohibition while the 21st amendment was the repeal of the prohibition

Question 4

Describe the two advances in Science that contributed to Drug Use:

Answer 4

Hypodermic Needle allowed for faster absorption of drugs

Morphine was able to be isolated from opium meaning that drugs could be more concentrated and more addictive

Question 5

What are the three factors that contributed to the History if Drug use?

Answer 5

1. The Temperance Movement
   2.Advances in Science
   3.Lack of Drug Control Laws

Question 6

Describe how the lack of drug control laws contributed to an increase in Drug Use:
What are two examples?

Answer 6

You could find drugs in over-the-counter medicine
Heroine and cocaine were being added to over-the-counter drugs for people to use without regulation

Question 7

In relation to drug Regulation, What did the FDA manage to do?

Answer 7

1. Define what exactly was a drug
2. Ensure that products that had drugs, were pure and labeled

Question 8

What act was the foundation for all of the federal controlled substance regulations?

Answer 8

The Harrison Narcotics (Tax) act

Question 9

What 4 things did the Harrison Narcotics tax act accomplish?

Answer 9

1. Sellers and physicians had to pay a 1$ tax yearly
2. The nonmedical use of opioids was prohibited
3. Patented medicines were still legal
4. Pharmacist and physicians had to register with the treasury department and keep records

Question 10

The comprehensive drug abuse prevention and control act of 1970 accomplished what 4 things?

Answer 10

1. Replaced and updated previous drug laws
2. Developed educational and treatment funds
3. Government now controlled drugs and not just taxed them
4. Creation of Drug Schedules

Question 11

What is the DEA?

Answer 11

Drug Enforcement Agency

Question 12

How many schedule of drugs are there?

Answer 12

There are 5 schedules

Question 13

Compare and Contrast Schedule I and II drugs

Answer 13

-Both have a high potential for abuse
- Schedule II drugs have accepted medical use while schedule I do not
- Schedule II may lead to psychological or physical dependence

Question 14

What are the three ategories that a drug schedule is based on?

Answer 14

1. Medical or Medicinal Use
2. Level of abuse
3. Whether it may lead to physiological or physical dependence

Question 15

What are the characteristics of a Level III Drug:

Answer 15

A slightly less chance of abuse from schedules I and II and is currently accepted for medical use. However, there is a risk of moderate physical dependence or high psychological dependence

Question 16

Schedule 4 Drugs:

Answer 16

Have a low potential of abuse
Currently accepted for medical use
Abuse may lead to LIMITED physical dependence or psychological dependence

Question 17

Describe Schedule 5 Drugs:

Answer 17

Lower potential for abuse than schedule IV
Currently accepted for medical use
Abuse may lead to physical dependence or HIGH psychological dependence

Question 18

What are the 4 Theories of Drug Use?

Answer 18

1. Self - Medicated Theory
   2, Personality Theory
2. Impulsivity, Disinhibition Theory
3. Conditioning Theory

Question 19

What is the basic principle of the Self Medicated Theory?

Answer 19

Drugs are a PURPOSEFUL attempt at managing existing problems and disorders

Question 20

What is the basic principle of the Personality Theory?

Answer 20

Certain traits may make you more likely to use drugs (i.e Anxiety, Depression, Irritability, Hostility)

Question 21

Conditioning Theory outlines that:

Answer 21

There are still memorable or euphoric feelings attached to 1st use; Drug use is an anticipatory response to a pleasurable state that has been condition due to previous use

Question 22

The drug use theory of Impulsivity or Disinhibition outline that:

Answer 22

Drug use involves risk linked to feelings of rebellion or aggression and rage

Question 23

What are the 3 theories of Addiction?

Answer 23

1. positive In centive Theory
2. Physical Dependence Theory
3. Incentive-Sensitixation Theory

Question 24

What does the Positive incentive theory propose?

Answer 24

There is a craving for the pleasure producing effects of drugs

Question 25

What does the Physical Dependence Theory states?

Answer 25

Addictioin is caused by the need to prevent withdrawal symptoms /experiences

Question 26

What does the Incentive - Sensitization Theory state?

Answer 26

The positive incentive value increases the drug use

Question 27

What are 5 factors that will influence the use and abuse of drugs

Answer 27

1. biochemistry of an individual
2. Pleasurable/ euphoric effects vs side effects
3. Environmental Cues and Priming
4. Stress and Social Acceptance

Question 28

What is priming?

Answer 28

Small amounts can make the body crave more of the drug