Exam 2: Gonio Norms

Question 1

Shoulder: flexion, extension, landmark

Answer 1

Flexion: 180
Extension: 60
Landmark: lateral aspect of humeral head

Question 2

Shoulder: abduction, internal rot., external rot.

Answer 2

Abduction: 180
Internal: 70
External: 90

Question 3

Elbow: flexion, landmark

Answer 3

Flexion: 150
Landmark: lateral epicondyle of humerus

Question 4

Forearm (same degree): supination, pronation

Answer 4

Supination: 80
Pronation: 80

Question 5

Wrist: extension, flexion, landmark

Answer 5

Extension: 70
Flexion: 80
Landmark: ulnar styloid process

Question 6

Wrist: radial deviation, ulnar deviation, landmark

Answer 6

Radial deviation: 20
Ulnar deviation: 30
Landmark: posterior wrist over capitate bone

Question 7

Thumb CMC: abduction, flexion, extension

Answer 7

Abduction: 70
Flexion: 15
Extension: 20

Question 8

Thumb IP: flexion

Answer 8

Flexion: 80

Question 9

Digits MCP (same): flexion, extension

Answer 9

Flexion: 90
Extension: 90

Question 10

Hip: flexion, extension, landmark

Answer 10

Flexion: 120
Extension: 30
Landmark: greater trochanter of femur

Question 11

Hip: abduction, adduction

Answer 11

Abduction: 45
Adduction: 30

Question 12

Hip (same degree): external rot., internal rot.

Answer 12

External: 45
Internal: 45

Question 13

Knee: flexion, extension, landmark

Answer 13

Flexion: 135
Extension: 0 (more if hypermobile)
Landmark: lateral epicondyle of femur

Question 14

Ankle: dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, landmark

Answer 14

Dorsiflexion: 20
Plantar flexion: 50
Landmark: inferior to lateral malleolus

Question 15

Ankle: inversion, eversion

Answer 15

Inversion: 35
Eversion: 15

Question 16

Subtalar (same degree): inversion, eversion

Answer 16

Inversion: 5
Eversion: 5