Exam 2 Joints

Question 1

Classification of Joints

_____, immovable joint

Answer 1

Synarthroses

Question 2

Classification of Joints

_____, slightly movable joints

Answer 2

Amphiarthroses

Question 3

Classification of Joints

_____, freely movable joints

Answer 3

Diarthroses

Question 4

3 Classifications of Joint Structure & Functionality
Cartilaginous joints; the articulating bones are united by cartilage, slightly movable

_____, is a bar or plate of hyaline cartilage that unites the bones

_____, the articulating surfaces of the bones are covered with articular (hyaline) cartilage

Answer 4

Synchondroses

Symphyses

Question 5

Shoulder is 3 Different Joints

What are these 3?

Answer 5

sternoclavicular (SC); acromioclavicular (AC); glenohumeral

Question 6

What is the joint that connects the sternum to the clavicle?

Answer 6

sternoclavicular (SC)

Question 7

What is the joint of a separated shoulder; the joint which holds the clavicle down to the 1st rib?

Answer 7

acromioclavicular (AC)

Question 8

Major adductor/adduction, _____, towards

Answer 8

Pectoralis Major (chest)

Question 9

Major abductor/abduction, _____, away

Answer 9

Deltoid

Question 10

Major extensor, _____, 3 heads

Answer 10

Triceps

Question 11

?

Posterior wall, _____

Answer 11

Latissimus Dorsi

Question 12

?

Anterior wall, _____

Answer 12

Pectoralis Major

Question 13

?

Anterior wall, _____

Answer 13

Pectoralis Major

Question 14

What is the most common type of shoulder dislocation?

Answer 14

Glenohumeral joint

Anterior, forward, abduction internal rotation
Inferior, down

Question 15

_____ is the major nerve root of the shoulder and arm, C5 to T1

Answer 15

Brachial plexus

Question 16

What is the most commonly fractured bone in the body?

Answer 16

the clavicle

Question 17

What 3 bones make up the elbow?

Answer 17

humerus, radius, ulna

Question 18

Major Ligaments of the Elbow
_____ collateral ligament, _____, on the inside

_____ collateral ligament, _____, on the outside

Answer 18

medial; ulna

lateral; radius

Question 19

Medial Collateral ligaments prevent,

_____ stress, is an outside to inside stress, inward

Answer 19

Valgus

Question 20

Lateral Collateral ligaments prevent,

_____ stress, is an inside to outside stress, outward

Answer 20

Varus

Question 21

Lateral Collateral ligaments prevent,

_____ stress, is an inside to outside stress, outward

Answer 21

Varus

Question 22

_____, raps around the head of the radius and stabilizes the head of the radius, pivot point (allows you to pronate)

Answer 22

Annular Ligament

Question 23

The artery found at the elbow is the _____

Answer 23

Brachial Artery

Question 24

_____, front of the elbow, C5 nerve reflex, formed by the bicep, pronator teres, and the triceps; Median nerve is located here

Answer 24

Cubital fossa

Question 25

Major muscles at the Elbow Bicep - flexor Triceps - extensor Muscles that flex your wrist, fingers and hands originate on the _____ side of your elbow Muscles that extend your wrist, fingers and hands originate on the _____ side of the elbow

Answer 25

medial lateral

Question 26

Major muscles at the Elbow Bicep - flexor Triceps - extensor Muscles that flex your wrist, fingers and hands originate on the _____ side of your elbow Muscles that extend your wrist, fingers and hands originate on the _____ side of the elbow

Answer 26

medial lateral

Question 27

Wrist | What 3 bones make up the wrist?

Answer 27

radius, ulna, carpal bones

Question 28

What are fractures of the radius called?

Answer 28

Colles fractures

Question 29

What are fractures of the ulna called?

Answer 29

Smithe fractures

Question 30

What is the most commonly dislocated bone in the wrist?

Answer 30

lunate

Question 31

What is the most commonly fractured bone in the wrist?

Answer 31

scaphoid

Question 32

What are the most common fractures of the hand?

Answer 32

the 5th metacarpal; boxer's fracture

Question 33

Fractures of the 1st metacarpal are called?

Answer 33

Bennett's fractures

Question 34

What are the 3 joints of the finger?

Answer 34

MP (metacarpophalangeal) PIP (proximal interphalangeal) DIP (distal interphalangeal)

Question 35

What are the 3 joints of the finger?

Answer 35

MP (metacarpophalangeal) PIP (proximal interphalangeal) DIP (distal interphalangeal)

Question 36

Knee Joint Hinge joint The fibula is on the lateral (outside) of the leg

Answer 36

``` The knee is made up of 4 bones; Femur Tibia (shinbone) Fibula (small bone on outside) Patella (knee cap; a sesamoid bone) ```

Question 37

Ligaments of the Knee Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL), inside, Tibial collateral ligament, prevents _____ stress (outward/inward stress) Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL), outside), Fibular collateral ligament, prevents _____ stress (inward outward stress)

Answer 37

valgus (think "knock-knee") varus (think "bowlegged")

Question 38

Intracapsular ligaments, are called _____, they cross each other, forming an X in the notch between the femoral condyles

Answer 38

cruciate ligaments

Question 39

____ ____ ligament (___), medial to lateral, inside, prevents the tibia from going forward

Answer 39

Anterior Cruciate; ACL

Question 40

____ ____ ligament (___), lateral to medial, major stabilizing unit of the knee, prevents tibia from going backwards

Answer 40

Posterior Cruciate; PCL

Question 41

Secondary ham string muscles are ___ and ___ (does knee and hip flexion)

Answer 41

gracilis, sartorius

Question 42

What is the longest muscle in the body?

Answer 42

sartorius

Question 43

_____ is the insertion of the sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus

Answer 43

Pes-anserine

Question 44

_____ is general fluid swelling

Answer 44

Edema

Question 45

_____ is swelling of a joint capsule

Answer 45

Effusion

Question 46

_____ is swelling of a joint capsule

Answer 46

Effusion

Question 47

Ankle Tendon | _____ (___), largest tendon in the body, attaches the gastrocnemius and the soleus to the heel

Answer 47

Calcaneal tendon; Achilles

Question 48

Fractures of the foot - March fractures - Jones fracture, fracture of the 5th metatarsal caused by the _____ - Hallux valgus, bunion

Answer 48

Peroneal brevis

Question 49

Medial side of the ankle, inside, ligaments | ? ligament, has 3 parts, helps prevent eversion sprains

Answer 49

Deltoid

Question 50

? and ? ___-fibular ligaments holds the tibia and fibula together

Answer 50

Anterior; Posterior; tibio-