Exam 2 Pt 2

Question 1

The impact of aging on bone

Answer 1

Protein production decreases
Demineralization
Decline in growth hormones

Question 2

What does decreased protein production lead to

Answer 2

brittle bones that lose tensile strenght

Question 3

What does decline in growth hormone in bones lead to

Answer 3

loss of bone mass

Question 4

Define osteoporosis

Answer 4

Condition in which the bones become brittle due to calcium deficiancy

Question 5

Prevention/treatment of osteoporosis

Answer 5

Calcitonin, parathyroid hormone

Question 6

Define rickets

Answer 6

Disease caused by vitamin D deficiancy which causes soft bones

Question 7

Rickets treatment/prevention

Answer 7

Increase calcium, vitamin D and phosphates

Question 8

A freely moveable joint

Answer 8

Diarthrosis

Question 9

Diarthrosis Example

Answer 9

Elbow
Knee
Shoulder

Question 10

A partially moveable joint

Answer 10

Amphiarthrosis

Question 11

Amphiarthrosis example

Answer 11

Sacroiliac joint
Intervertebral joints
Pubic Symphysis

Question 12

Synarthrosis

Answer 12

Immovable joint

Question 13

An immovable joint

Answer 13

Synarthrosis

Question 14

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 14

Partially movable joint

Question 15

Diarthrosis

Answer 15

freely Movable joint

Question 16

Synarthrosis example

Answer 16

Coronal suture

Sagittal suture

Question 17

3 joint movement classifications

Answer 17

Diarthrosis
Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis

Question 18

3 joint structural components

Answer 18

Synovial
Cartilaginous
Fibrous

Question 19

Fibrous joint

Answer 19

Combined by dense connective tissue

Question 20

Cartilaginous joint

Answer 20

Joined by cartilage

Question 21

Synovial joint

Answer 21

All freely moveable joints

Question 22

All freely movable joints

Answer 22

Synovial

Question 23

Joints joined by cartilage

Answer 23

Cartilaginous

Question 24

Joints combined by dense connective tissue

Answer 24

Fibrous

Question 25

Distinguishing features of synovial joints

Answer 25

Hyaline cartilage Joint capsule Restraining ligaments Bursae

Question 26

Define Bursae

Answer 26

Sacs of synovial membrane that reduce friction outside of the joint capsule where tendons, ligaments, bones, and muscle or skin frequently rub

Question 27

Define osteoarthritis

Answer 27

Degeneration of joint cartilage and underlying bone

Question 28

Functions of the muscular system

Answer 28

``` Movement Maintain upright posture Protection and Support Regulate elimination of waste Heat production ```

Question 29

Flexion

Answer 29

Decrease the angle between articulating bones

Question 30

Extension

Answer 30

Increase the angle between articulating bones

Question 31

Lateral flexion

Answer 31

Spine movement along frontal plane

Question 32

Abduction

Answer 32

Lateral movement causing deviation from midline

Question 33

Adduction

Answer 33

Lateral movement causing deviation toward midline

Question 34

Pronation

Answer 34

Rotation of forearm posteriorly

Question 35

Supination

Answer 35

Rotation of forearm anteriorly

Question 36

Plantar flexion

Answer 36

Toe pointed down

Question 37

Dorsiflexion

Answer 37

Standing on heels

Question 38

Inversion

Answer 38

Sole of foot directed medialward

Question 39

Eversion

Answer 39

Sole of foot directed lateralward

Question 40

Protraction

Answer 40

Anterior movement of a body part

Question 41

Retraction

Answer 41

Posterior movement of a body part

Question 42

Elevation

Answer 42

Superior movement of a body part

Question 43

Depression

Answer 43

Inferior movement of a body part

Question 44

Opposition

Answer 44

Special movement of thumb.