Exam 2 Pt 3

Question 1

Characteristics of muscle tissue

Answer 1

Excitability
Elasticity
Extensibility
Contractibility
Conductivity

Question 2

What are prime movers

Answer 2

Muscles that are primarily responsible for a muscle action

Question 3

What are antagonists

Answer 3

Muscles that reverse the action of the prime mover

Question 4

What is a synergist

Answer 4

Muscle that assists a prime mover during a specific action

Question 5

What is a fixator

Answer 5

A muscle that stabilizes a joint during a specific action

Question 6

Membrane coverings in muscle

Answer 6

Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium

Question 7

Endomysium location

Answer 7

Surrounds individual fibers

Question 8

Epimysium location

Answer 8

Surrounds entire muscle belly

Question 9

Perimysium location

Answer 9

Surrounds individual fascicles

Question 10

Parts of a muscle cell

Answer 10

Sarcoplasm
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Sarcolemma
Nuclei
Myofibrils
Myoglobin
Mitochondria
Glycogen

Question 11

Function of Sarcoplasm

Answer 11

Cytoplasm

Question 12

Function of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 12

Regulates release of calcium

Question 13

Function of Sarcolemma

Answer 13

carrying electrical impulses

Question 14

Function of myofibrils

Answer 14

Bundles of proteins capable of contracting

Question 15

Function of myoglobin

Answer 15

Stores oxygen for aerobic respiration

Question 16

Function of mitochondria

Answer 16

To produce energy

Question 17

Function of glycogen

Answer 17

Storage form of glucose

Question 18

Composition of Thick filaments

Answer 18

Composed mostly of myosin
Two heads and two tails wrapped around eachother
Heads have bonding sites for Actin and ATP

Question 19

Composition of thin filaments

Answer 19

Contains Actin

Binding sites blocked by tropomysin

Question 20

Tropomysin

Answer 20

Blocks myosin binding sites

Question 21

Troponin

Answer 21

Binds with calcium to pull tropomysin away from myosin binding sites

Question 22

Define motor unit

Answer 22

One motor neuron and all of the fibers it innervates

Question 23

Define neuromuscular junction

Answer 23

The location where neuron meets muscle

Question 24

Types of muscle contraction

Answer 24

Concentric Isotonic
Eccentric Isotonic
Isometric

Question 25

Concentric Isotonic Contraction

Answer 25

Muscle shortens

Question 26

Eccentric Isotonic Contraction

Answer 26

Muscle lengthens

Question 27

Isometric Contraction

Answer 27

Muscle stays the same length

Question 28

Order of muscle metabolism

Answer 28

Phosphate Transfer Glycolysis Aerobic repiration

Question 29

Where does Phosphate transfer take place

Answer 29

Mitochondria

Question 30

Where does glycolysis take place

Answer 30

cytoplasm

Question 31

Where does aerobic respiration take place

Answer 31

Mitochondria

Question 32

When does phosphate transfer take place

Answer 32

5 seconds to 10 seconds

Question 33

What is phosphate transfer

Answer 33

The transfer of a phosphate to ADP to produce ATP

Question 34

When does glycolysis take place

Answer 34

From 10 seconds to 1 min

Question 35

Does glycolysis use oxygen

Answer 35

No

Question 36

When does Aerobic respiration take place

Answer 36

From 1 minute to end of workout

Question 37

What is Oxygen Debt

Answer 37

Oxygen stores need to be replenished after exersize Restore glycogen Restore ATP Convert lactic acid back to glucose

Question 38

Function of Red fiber

Answer 38

Aerobic ATP production

Question 39

Function of Pink fiber

Answer 39

Aerobic ATP production

Question 40

Function of White fiber

Answer 40

Anaerobic ATP production

Question 41

Characteristics of Red fiber

Answer 41

Lots of energy for sustained contraction Not powerful Postural muscles Lots of blood vessels, mitochondria and myoglobin

Question 42

Characteristics of Pink fiber

Answer 42

Fast, powerful contractions

Question 43

Characteristics of White fiber

Answer 43

Fast, powerful contractions

Question 44

Results of aerobic exersize

Answer 44

Improvements in cardiovascular health Increases bone density Increases in muscle capillaries, number of mitochondria, and myoglobin synthesis

Question 45

Results of resistance exersize

Answer 45

Muscle hypertrophy (due to increased muscle size) Increase in strength and endurance Increase in bone density

Question 46

Connection point between 2 nerve cells

Answer 46

Synapse or Neuronal junction

Question 47

Connection point between neuron and muscle cell

Answer 47

Neuromuscular junction

Question 48

Motor unit recruitment

Answer 48

The activation of additional motor units to accomplish an increase in contractile strength in a muscle