EXAM 2 Reading (N.Ch18) Flashcards
A patient exhibits an end-tidal CO2 that is 5 torr lower than the arterial CO2 on his arterial blood gas. You know that this
The end-tidal CO2 is 2-5 torr lower than the arterial CO2 in a patient with no cardiac or pulmonary pathologies.
An upslope in the plateau phase of the capnograph can be the result of
A slope in the plateau represents prolonged exhalation and can result from obstruction of expired gases, COPD, or a V/Q mismatch.
Hypothermia is defined as a core temperature below
96.8 degrees Fahrenheit
Anything less than_______is considered hypothermia.
36 degrees Celsius (96.8 degrees Fahrenheit) i
What is capnometry?
Any and all measurements of carbon dioxide levels
A capnogram is a
continuous display of measured CO2 levels.
Capnography is the
recording of a CO2 measurement.
A decrease in the end-tidal carbon dioxide level could be caused by any of the following conditions except:
Sepsis
CO2 and Hypothyroidism and hypothermia. .
decrease metabolism and therefore decrease CO2 production
Pulmonary embolism and CO2
decreases the elimination of CO2 and results in a decrease in ETCO2
CO2 and Sepsis results in an
Increased metabolism and an increase in CO2 production.
Which factor decreases ETCO2 during anesthesia?
Hypothermia
Hypothyrodism
When carbon dioxide absorbent is exhausted, what chemical accumulates in the cannister?
Carbonic Acid
A chemical carbon dioxide detector contains a pH-
sensitive indicator that changes color when exposed to carbonic acid.
Formed as the byproduct of the exposure of water to carbon dioxide.
Carbonic acid
When the CO2 absorbent is exhausted, what accumulates?
carbonic acid will accumulate, turning the indicator dye purple.
Methemoglobinemia will cause the pulse oximeter
underestimate an oxygen saturation of 95%
Methemoglobin absorbs light in a manner equal to.
oxyhemoglobin
If the oxygen saturation is over 85%, methemoglobinemia will cause the pulse oximeter to falsely
underestimate the hemoglobin saturation.
If the oxygen saturation is under 85%, Methemoglobinemia will cause it to
falsely overestimate it.
The administration of methylene blue will
Cause a transient decrease in the pulse oximetry reading
Hyperthermia is defined as a core patient temperature above
38 degree Celcius
A patient under anesthesia exhibits a lower than expected end-tidal carbon dioxide level. Which of the following are possible causes? (select four)
Hypothermia, hypothyroidism, hyperventilation, hypoperfusion, and pulmonary embolism all result in a decreased ETCO2.
Which of the following measures primarily assesses ventilation? Name 2
Auscultation
Observing chest excursion monitor ventilation.
