EXAM 2 Reading (N.Ch19)

Question 1

Which of the following drugs would be most likely to affect the latency and amplitude of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs)?

Answer 1

Sevoflurane

Question 2

BAEPs are not significantly affected by

Answer 2

benzodiazepines, ketamine, propofol, muscle relaxants, N2O, or barbiturate

Question 3

Inhalation agents can affect_____and the effect is_______

Answer 3

BAEPs and the effect is proportional to the dose administered.

Question 4

Which of the following would have the greatest effect on brainstem auditory evoked potentials?

Answer 4

Sevoflurane

Question 5

Motor evoked potentials using magnetic stimulation are contraindicated in patients who have ?

Answer 5

Pacemaker
Previous Craniotomy
SPinal/Bladder stimulator
Metallic FB

Question 6

Which evoked potential monitoring modality is specific to cranial nerve VIII and is particularly useful in acoustic neuroma surgery?

Answer 6

Brain auditory evoked potential

Question 7

Brain auditory evoked potentials evaluate the function of

Answer 7

cranial nerve VIII

Question 8

Useful in acoustic neuroma surgery.

Answer 8

Brain auditory evoked potentials

Question 9

Which of the following agents are least likely to alter the latency or amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials? (select two)

Answer 9

Ketamine
Etomidate

Question 10

Most anesthetic agents will alter the latency or amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials except for

Answer 10

opioids, ketamine, and etomidate.

Question 11

Which electroencephalogram (EEG) findings would be consistent with light anesthesia or profound surgical stimulation?

Answer 11

High frequency, low voltage activity

Question 12

Surgical stimulation or light anesthesia would display

Answer 12

high frequency, low voltage activity on the EEG monitor.
HFLV

Question 13

Which of the following agents will not produce a significant change in the latency or amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials? (select two)

Answer 13

Fentanyl
Ketamine

Question 14

In normal doses, ketamine, etomidate, and opioids

Answer 14

do not produce a significant change in the latency or amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials

Question 15

The administration of intravenous anesthetics in general anesthetic (not pain control) doses

Answer 15

the latency and amplitude of SSEPs will be affected, but not to the degree seen with inhaled anesthetics.

Question 16

The administration of muscle relaxants will not affect

Answer 16

somatosensory evoked potentials

Question 17

The administration of muscle relaxants interfere with

Answer 17

or completely block motor-evoked potentials.

Question 18

Inhaled anesthetics will DAIL

Answer 18

the latency and decrease the amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials.

Question 19

When should the auditory transducer be placed when monitoring brainstem auditory evoked potentials?

Answer 19

After positioning of the head

Question 20

The BAEP transducer should be positioned after the head is positioned. This produces the best results, and also prevents

Answer 20

abrasive injury to the ear canal.

Question 21

Which evoked potential is useful in evaluating descending motor pathways?

Answer 21

Motor evoked potentials

Question 22

MEP assesses (think MD)

Answer 22

descending motor pathways

Question 23

BAEP, SSEP, and VEP give data about

Answer 23

ascending sensory neural pathways.

Question 24

Which diagnostic aid would most accurately reflect an interruption of ANTERIOR spinal cord perfusion in a patient undergoing surgery involving cross-clamping of the thoracic aorta?

Answer 24

Motor Evoked potentials. This test is not often used, however, because it precludes the use of muscle relaxants.

Question 25

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and EEG would be useful in assessing the but

Answer 25

central nervous system of a patient undergoing surgery,

Question 26

Neither assesses the integrity of the anterior spinal cord

Answer 26

SSEPs or EEG

Question 27

SSEPs assess the sensory pathways in the

Answer 27

dorsal spinal cord

Question 28

Cross clamping of the thoracic aorta, Right radial arterial line would be most appropriate for monitoring

Answer 28

pressures proximal to the clamp.

Question 29

An anesthetized patient undergoing neurologic surgery has a monitor in place that utilizes a stroboscopic flash with recording electrodes placed on the scalp. What intraoperative test is being performed?

Answer 29

Visual evoked potentials

Question 30

Which of the following tests would be most appropriate for testing neural integrity during posterior fossa surgery?

Answer 30

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials

Question 31

Somatosensory evoked potentials assess the

Answer 31

dorsal spinal column and sensory cortex

Question 32

SSEPs best for monitoring during

Answer 32

spinal surgery, carotid endarterectomy, and aortic surgery.

Question 33

Visual evoked potentials assess the integrity of the

Answer 33

optic nerve and upper brainstem and are best for monitoring during pituitary resection.

Question 34

Best for monitoring during pituitary resection:

Answer 34

VEPs

Question 35

The wake-up test assesses movement and evaluates the integrity of the

Answer 35

motor tracts in the ventral spinal column.

Question 36

Which type of visual evoked potential is performed on an awake patient?

Answer 36

Patterned VEPs

Question 37

During Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs), the patient is presented

Answer 37

a visual stimulus for a select number of times, then the cerebral responses are dispayed after being amplified and averaged on a computer.

Question 38

There are two types of VEPs:

Answer 38

patterned and unpatterned.

Question 39

Patterned tests are used on

Answer 39

awake patients.

Question 40

Which intravenous agents would be most capable of producing burst suppression on the EEG? (select two)

Answer 40

Etomidate Propofol

Question 41

2 only IV agents capable of BURST SUPPRESION on EEG

Answer 41

Etomidate Propofol

Question 42

Which of the following conditions is known to produce increased latency in brainstem auditory evoked potentials?

Answer 42

Hypocapnia

Question 43

Low PCO2 (hypocapnia) on BAEPs

Answer 43

exaggerates BAEPs, resulting in an increased latency.

Question 44

Can result in increased latency and prolonged interpeak intervals

Answer 44

Hypothermia (not hyperthermia)

Question 45

What is the stimulus used in the monitoring of BAEPs?

Answer 45

A broadband, repeating click

Question 46

What is done during brainstem auditory evoked potentials?

Answer 46

A standard broadband repeating click that is delivered through an earphone that is placed in the auditory canal is used

Question 47

In which patient would motor-evoked potentials using magnetic stimulation be contraindicated?

Answer 47

A 55 year-old male with a bladder stimulator

Question 48

Are useful in the monitoring of functional integrity of motor tracts, namely, the corticospinal tract

Answer 48

Motor evoked potentials (MEPs)

Question 49

MEPs, The stimuli can be

Answer 49

magnetic or electrical, with either the spinal cord or the motor cortex used as the site of stimulation.

Question 50

Patients with spinal or bladder stimulators, metallic foreign bodies, pacemakers, or a previous craniotomy

Answer 50

should not undergo MEP via magnetic stimulation.

Question 51

Somatosensory evoked potentials are useful for

Answer 51

monitoring during a carotid endarterectomy

Question 52

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials are useful for monitoring this function ?

Answer 52

are useful for monitoring basic brainstem function

Question 53

Useful for monitoring basic brainstem function

Answer 53

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials