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musculoskeletal anatomy > exam 2 study guide > Flashcards

exam 2 study guide Flashcards

1
Q

dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, plane and axis

A

sagittal, ML

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2
Q

eversion and inversion, plane and axis

A

frontal, AP

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3
Q

toe flexion and extension, plane and axis

A

sagittal, ML

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4
Q

tibiofibular joint type

A

synovial plane

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5
Q

talocrural joint type.

A

hinge, diarthrodial

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6
Q

subtalor and transverse joints type

A

special triplanar, diarthrodial

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7
Q

intertarsal, tarsometatarsal joint type

A

synovial plane

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8
Q

metatarsophalangeal joint type

A

diarthrodial

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9
Q

what’s the difference between synovial and synovial plane

A

synovial is freely moveable, all motions
synovial plane is gliding

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10
Q

structures involved in a high ankle sprain

A

tibiofibular joint

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11
Q

how does a high ankle sprain happen

A

tibia and leg rotate inward while the foot rotates out

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12
Q

plantar flexion degree

A

50

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13
Q

dorsiflexion degree

A

15

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14
Q

inversion degree

A

20-30

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15
Q

eversion degree

A

5-15

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16
Q

structures involved in a typical lateral ankle sprain

A

anterior tibiofibular ligament

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17
Q

how does a lateral ankle sprain happen

A

inversion, plantar flexion

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18
Q

4 compartments of lower leg

A

anterior, lateral, superior posterior, deep posterior

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19
Q

parts of the anterior compartment of lower leg

A

extensors, dorsiflexors, toe flexors

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20
Q

parts of the lateral compartment of lower leg

A

peroneus longus and brevis

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21
Q

parts of the superior posterior compartment of lower leg

A

gastroc, soleus, planteris

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22
Q

parts of the deep posterior compartment of lower leg

A

flexor digitorium longus, flexor hallucis longus, popliters, tib post

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23
Q

what is compartment syndrome

A

fascia gets disturbed, blood rushes in and raises pressure

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24
Q

major complication from compartment syndrome

A

neurovascular compromise
amputation

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25
Q

what muscles are mainly the shin splint muscle

A

medial tibialis posterior
lateral tibialis anterior

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26
Q

what muscle groups does the tibial nerve innerate

A

posterior compartment

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27
Q

what muscle group does the fibular nerve innervate

A

superficial: peroneus longus and brevis
deep: extensors

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28
Q

difference between extrinsic and intrinsic muscles

A

intrinsic are located close to the joint
extrinsic are located proximal/far from the joint

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29
Q

gastroc origin insertion and action

A

femur condyles
calcaneus
plantar flexion

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30
Q

soleus origin insertion and action

A

posterior tibia and fibula
calcaneus
plantar flexion

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31
Q

peroneus longus origin insertion and action

A

head of fibula
undersurface medial cuneiform
eversion

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32
Q

peroneus brevis origin insertion and action

A

lateral fibula
tuberosity fifth metatarsal
eversion

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33
Q

peronus tertius origin insertion and action

A

anterior fibula
base fifth metatarsal
eversion

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34
Q

extensor digitorum origin insertion and action

A

lateral condyle tibia head fibula
tips middle distal phalanges
extend 4 lesser toes

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35
Q

extensor hallucis origin insertion and action

A

medial anterior fibula
top distal phalange great toe
extend great toe

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36
Q

tibialis anterior origin insertion and action

A

lateral tibia
inner medial cuneiform
dorsiflexion

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37
Q

tibialis posterior origin insertion and action

A

interosseous membrane
navicular, cuneiform, base lesser 4 toes
plantar flexion

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38
Q

flexor digitorum origin insertion and action

A

posterior tibia
base distal phalanx 4 lesser toes
flex 4 lesser toes

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39
Q

flexor hallucis origin insertion and action

A

posterior fibula
base distal phalanx great toe
flex great toe

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40
Q

difference between an agonist and antagonist

A

against is the main working muscle (group)
antagonist is on the opposite side

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41
Q

knee flexion and extension plane and axis

A

sagittal, ML

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42
Q

knee external and internal rotation plane and motion

A

transverse, longitudinal

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43
Q

tibiofemoral joint type

A

condyloid, synovial

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44
Q

patellofemoral joint type

A

synovial plane

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45
Q

ACL function

A

prevent anterior tibial slide

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46
Q

MCL function

A

prevent medial gapping

47
Q

PCL function

A

prevent posterior tibial slide

48
Q

LCL function

A

prevent lateral gapping

49
Q

what role does the patella serve

A

anatomical pulley, push tendon away from joint axis

50
Q

medial vs lateral meniscus shape

A

medial is c shaped
lateral is circle

51
Q

ACL MOI

A

internal rotation

52
Q

MCL MOI

A

blow to lateral knee, outward twist

53
Q

PCL MOI

A

rotation, flexion

54
Q

LCL MOI

A

pressure to medial knee

55
Q

knee extension degree

A

180

56
Q

knee hyperextension degree

A

under 5

57
Q

knee flexion degree

A

140

58
Q

knee internal rotation degree

A

30

59
Q

knee external rotation degree

A

40

60
Q

3 landmarks used to determine Q angle of patellofemoral joint

A

ASIS to center of patella to center of tuberosity

61
Q

patellofemoral joint possible injury

A

large Q angle, patellar dislocation

62
Q

which upper leg muscles are biarticulate, which are uni

A

bi- hamstrings and rectus femoris
uni- the rest

63
Q

which upper leg muscle group is innervated by the femoral nerve

A

medial, anterior, extensors

64
Q

location of the femoral artery

A

medial

65
Q

clinical importance to location of femoral artery

A

when injecting epinephrine, want to inject laterally to avoid hitting femoral artery

66
Q

rectus femoris origin insertion and action

A

iliac spine, acetabulum
under patella, tibial tuberosity
extend knee

67
Q

vastus lateralis origin insertion and action

A

greater trochanter
under patella, tibial tuberosity
extend knee

68
Q

vastus intermedius origin insertion and action

A

anterior femur
under patella, tibial tuberosity
extend knee

69
Q

vastus medialis origin insertion and action

A

linea aspera
under patella, tibial tuberosity
extend knee

70
Q

semitendinosus origin insertion and action

A

ischial tuberosity
medial tibia
flex knee, extend hip

71
Q

semimembranosus origin insertion and action

A

ischial tuberosity
posterior medial tibial condyle
flex knee, extend hip

72
Q

biceps femoris origin insertion and action

A

ischial tuberosity, linea aspera/lateral condyloid ridge
lateral condyle tibia, head fibula
flex knee, extend hip

73
Q

popliteus origin insertion and action

A

posterior lateral condyle femur
medial tibia
flex knee

74
Q

anterior and posterior pelvic rotation (tilt) plane and axis

A

sagittal, ML

75
Q

right and left lateral rotation (tilt) plane and axis

A

frontal, AP

76
Q

hip flexion and extension plane and axis

A

sagittal, ML

77
Q

right and left transverse rotation plane and axis

A

transverse, longitudinal

78
Q

hip ab and adduction plane and axis

A

frontal plane, AP axis

79
Q

hip external and internal rotation plane and axis

A

transverse plane, longitudinal axis

80
Q

symphysis pubis joint type

A

amphiarthrodial

81
Q

SI joint type

A

diarthrodial, synovial plane

82
Q

acetabulofemoral joint type

A

ball and socket, synovial, diarthoridal

83
Q

which 3 bones make up one innominate of the pelvic girdle

A

ilium, ischium, pubic bone

84
Q

what location do hip fractures occur

A

femoral neck

85
Q

why do hip fractures happen

A

ground reaction force, gravity, upper body force

86
Q

iliofemoral ligament location

A

ilium to femur

87
Q

pubofemoral location

A

pubis to femur

88
Q

teres ligament location

A

acetabulum to femur ridge

89
Q

ischiofemoral location

A

ischium to femur

90
Q

hip flexion degree

A

0-120

91
Q

hip extension degree

A

0-30

92
Q

hip abduction degree

A

0-45

93
Q

hip adduction degree

A

0-20

94
Q

hip internal rotation degree

A

0-35

95
Q

hip external rotation degree

A

0-45

96
Q

anterior rotation of pelvic girdle
lumbar spine:
right hip:
left hip:

A

extension
flexion
flexion

97
Q

posterior rotation of pelvic girdle
lumbar spine:
right hip:
left hip:

A

flexion
extension
extension

98
Q

what muscle group does the obturator nerve innervate

A

adductors, medial

99
Q

what muscle is often involved in sciatica

A

performs

100
Q

iliacus origin insertion and 2 action

A

ilium
lesser trochanter
flex hip, external rotate femur

101
Q

psoas origin insertion and 2 action

A

transverse processes L1-5, sides of bodies t12-L5
major: lesser trochanter, minor: pectineal line
flex hip, external rotate femur

102
Q

rectus femoris origin insertion and 2 action

A

AIIS, acetabulum
superior patella, tibial tuberosity
flex hip, extend knee

103
Q

sartorius origin insertion and 2 action

A

ASIS
medial condyle tibia
flex hip, knee

104
Q

pectineus origin insertion and 2 action

A

front pubis
lesser trochanter to linea aspera
flex, adduct hip

105
Q

adductor brevis origin insertion and 2 action

A

inferior pubic ramus
pectineal line, linea aspera
adduct hip, external rotation

106
Q

adductor longus origin insertion and 2 action

A

anterior pubis
linea aspera
adduct hip, assist in flexing hip

107
Q

adductor magnus origin insertion and 2 action

A

pubic ramus, ischial tuberosity
linea aspera, inner condyloid ridge
adduct hip, externally rotate

108
Q

gracilis origin insertion and 3 action

A

medial edge pubic ramus
tibia below condyle
adduct hip, internal rotation, weak knee flexion

109
Q

glute max origin insertion and 2 action

A

iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
greater trochanter, IT band
extend hip, external rotation

110
Q

glute med origin insertion and 2 action

A

lateral ilium
greater trochanter
abduct hip, internal rotation and flexion

111
Q

glute min origin insertion and 2 action

A

lateral ilium
greater trochanter
abduct hip, internal rotation

112
Q

tensor fasciae latae origin insertion and 2 action

A

anterior iliac crest
IT tract, gerdey’s tubercle
abduct, flex hip

113
Q

piriformis origin insertion and 2 action

A

sacrum
greater trochanter
external rotation

musculoskeletal anatomy (13 decks)

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