Exam 2 Vocab 1 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Exam 2 Vocab 1 Deck (30)
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1
Q

AMF

A

Fungi from the glomeromycota lineage whose hyphae enter the root cells of their host plants. endomycorrhizal fungi

2
Q

Ascus

A

Specialized spore-producing cell found at the end of hyphae in “sac fungi”. ascomycota

3
Q

Basidium

A

specialized spore-producing cell at the ends of hyphae in club fungi, members of basidiomycota

4
Q

coenocytic

A

Containing many nuclei and a continuous cytoplasm through a filamentous body, without the body being divided into distinct cells

5
Q

commensalism

A

a symbolic relationship in which one organism (the commensal) benefits and the other (the host) is not harmed

6
Q

cordyceps fungi

A

endoparasites; maining parasitic of insects or other arthropods

7
Q

Dikayotic

A

describing a cell or fungi mycellium having two haploid nuclei that are genetically distinct (N+N) - 2 haploid nuclei in the same cell

8
Q

EMF

A

Fungi whose hyphae form a dense network that covers their host plants roots but do not enter the root cells

9
Q

Endomycorrhizal fungi

A

same as AMF

10
Q

Endophyte

A

a fungus that lives inside the aboveground parts of a plant in a symbiotic relationship

11
Q

extracellular digestion

A

digestion that takes place outside of an organism, as occurs in many fungi that make and secrete digestive enzymes.

12
Q

Fungi

A

a lineage of eukaryotes that typically have a filamentous body (mycelium) and obtain nutrients by absorption

13
Q

Fungicide

A

Any substance that can kill fungi or slow their growth

14
Q

Glomalin

A

A glycoprotein that is abundant in the hyphae or AMF: when hyphae decay, its an important component of soil.

15
Q

Heterokaryotic

A

Describing a cell or fungal mycelium containing two or more haploid nuclei that are genetically distinct. Cell that contains genetically different nuclei

16
Q

Haustorium

A

Specialized hyphae that can extract or exchange nutrients with the host

17
Q

Karyogamy

A

Fusion of 2 haploid nuclei to forma diploid nucleus. Occurs in many fungi, animals and plants during fertilization of gametes

18
Q

Lichen

A

A symbiotic association of a fungus, often in the ascomycota, and a photosynthetic alga or cyanobacterium + yeasts

19
Q

Mutualist

A

Organism that is a participant and partner in a mutualist relationship

20
Q

Mycorrhiza

A

a mutualistic association between certain fungi and the roots of most vascular plants

21
Q

Mycelium

A

feeding network of fungus composed by hyphae. Mostly underground or in direct contact with food source.

22
Q

Microsporidians

A

unicellular eukaryotes that are fungi

23
Q

Parasitism

A

A symbiotic relationship between 2 organisms that is beneficial to one organism (the parasite) but detrimental to the other (the host)

24
Q

Plasmogamy

A

Fusion of the cytoplasm of 2 individuals. occurs in many fungi

25
Q

Polytomy

A

A node in the phylogenetic tree that depicts an ancestral branch diving into 3 or more descendant branches

26
Q

Saprophyte

A

An organism that feeds primarily on dead plant material

27
Q

Septum

A

Any wall-like structure. In fungi, septa divide the filaments (hyphae) of mycelia into cell-like compartments

28
Q

Yeasts

A

Any fungus growing as a single celled form

29
Q

Zygosporangium

A

the distinctive spore-producing structure in the fungi that are members of the zygomycota

30
Q

Cambrian explosion

A

radiation of animals that took place 550 mya