Exam 2 Vocab Flashcards
(22 cards)
null mutation
-loss of function, reduce or eliminate gene function
epigenetics
-heritable state of gene function not encoded in DNA
epistasis
-expression of phenotype at one locus depends on genotype at another
base analog
-can replace different nucleotides
recombination/crossing over
-rearrangement of genetic material especially by crossing over
prion
-infectious agent composed of misfolded protein
position effect variegation
-position of gene on c’some affects expression due to translocation, inversion and deletion all put gene in different chromosomal context
heterochromatin
-densely compacted transcriptionaly inacted
euchromatin
-less compact, transcriptionally active
holocentric
-spindle attaches length of c’some
recombinational repair
uses homologous DNA to repair damaged DNA
Ames test
-uses bacterial to test whether given chemical can cause mutations in DNA
acrocentric
-centromere
photolyase
-enzyme that directly reverses pyrmidine dimers
sex-limited
-shows up in only one gender
sex-influenced
-stronger influence in one gender
kinetochore
-centromere and associated proteins
submetacentric
-centromere is off center
metacentric
-centromere is in middle
conditional mutation
-w/t or less severe phenotype under certain condition or a mutant phenotype under other conditions
genomic imprinting
- expression of trait depends on wheter mutation is from mom or dad
- copy of gene inherited fromone parent is silenced
- due to DNA methylation or histone modification
x-chromosome inactivation
-one copy of X chromosome is inactivated because of RNA DNA interactions, DNA methylation, or histone modification
