exam 3 Flashcards
(120 cards)
1
Q
marriage is related to…
A
more income, less poverty
2
Q
black marriage experience more what compared to white
A
conflict
3
Q
who benefits more from marriage in health and quality of family life
A
men
4
Q
what did spencer james find when studying 12,000 women
A
those who cohabited were no different than those who did on quality of marriage
5
Q
what did spencer james find about marriage communication over time
A
it increased
6
Q
assertiveness
A
expressing oneself in a direct and generally positive manner
7
Q
law of enlightened self- interest
A
when people focus on their lover’s needs, they find the other focuses on their needs
8
Q
marriage encounter
A
largest marriage education program during 1970s
9
Q
marriage encounter
A
largest marriage education program during 1970s
10
Q
the healthy marriage
A
initiative funded at the federal level in 2006
11
Q
premarital inventory
A
needs to be taken and couples should receive feedback on results
12
Q
good premarital education includes…
A
training, inventory, discussion groups, 6-8 weeks, and motivation to continue
13
Q
what 3 types of marriage did driver find
A
validating, volatile, and conflict- avoiding
14
Q
what were signs of divorce gottman found
A
emotional disengagement, the four horsemen, flooding, bad memories
15
Q
vitalized couples
A
have strengths in communication, conflict, resolution, sexual relationship, and finances
16
Q
harmonious couples
A
satisfied with their ability to resolve conflicts and their role relationship
17
Q
conventional couples
A
strengths in spiritual beliefs, having traditional roles, and a network of support
18
Q
conflicted couples
A
few strengths and multiple areas where they need growth
19
Q
devitalized couples
A
sought marital therapy or marriage enrichment
20
Q
reconciliation allows
A
a couple to move on from a conflict without having resentments
21
Q
what does sacrifice in a marriage result to
A
mutual trust
22
Q
david and stafford found that what increased marital satisfaction
A
individual relation with God and couples communication about religion
23
Q
what was federal health marriage initiative
A
provided funding to organizations to promote healthy marriages and provide relationship education (responsible father ed and reentry services for incarcerated father)
24
Q
what did wilcox find
A
those with partner cohabitating had higher degree of personal happiness than single parents
25
success for adoption includes...
exploring, demonstrating, creating, and understanding
26
who is more accepting of being childless
woman
27
accelerated- consensus trajectory
have political or personal reasons for remaining childless- partner share views
28
mutual- negotiation trajectory
couple without prior discussion about having or not having children- constant comm about pros and cons of children
29
bilateral- persuasion trajectory
one partner influences the undecided partner's decision about reproduction- men are undecided women are clear
30
democratic parenting
establishing clear rules and expectations and discussing with children
31
authoritarian parenting
establishing rigid rules and expectations and strictly enforcing them
32
permissive parenting
letting child's preferences take priority over ideals- rarely force child to conform to parent's standards
33
rejecting style
not paying attention to child's needs- low expectations on child's behavior
34
uninvolved parenting
letting child's preferences prevail as long as those preferences do not interfere with parents activities
35
bidirectional effects
effects of child on the parent and parent on child require understanding parent- child dynamic
36
psychodynamic theory
emphasizes importance of providing positive emotional enviro for child
37
organismic theory
encourages parents to select toys and activities that are developmental appropriate for child
38
behaviorists operate from
learning theories
39
positive discipline focuses on
teaching a child how to behave responsibly in life
40
TLC approach to discipline stands for
time, limits, caring
41
corporal punishment
use of physical force which causes child to have bodily pain as punishment for behavior control
42
cascading circumstances
stress builds up to a point that parents use harsh discipline
43
coparenting
parents coordinate and support one's parenting efforts- couples equally share responsibility
44
the number of single mothers is growing due to
women having children while not being married and divorce
45
single mothers have an increased amount of
stress and low income
46
factors that threaten fathers prescense
divorce and non-marital childbearing
47
when fathers remain in constant contact there is
low parental conflict and steady economic support
48
what is a major challenge in parnthood
translating philosophy into action
49
parent education
presentation of information in a group setting followed by a group discussion of generic parenting problems
50
family therapy
therapists work with a single family with one or more specific problems
51
what ages are middle age
between 35 and 65
52
when was the baby boom generation
post wwII- 1946-1964
53
what does Levinson support
idea of a mid-life period of internal struggle
54
what do most middle-age people go through
reorganization of self and values and general cognitive changes
55
midlife correction
reevaluating one's roles and dreams and making corrections
56
menopause
end of monthly menstrual periods- distress, insominia, headahces....
57
what happens to body during menopause
reproductive organs shrink, fatty tissue in breasts shrink, thinner vaginal tissue causes pain during sex
58
male menopause
causes emotional and physical changes in men with decline in hormone production (androgen)
59
what happens to men physically during menopause
fluid ejaculated diminishes, testicals become smaller, erections are less frequent
60
reasons people divorce after age 50
grow apart, last child leaves, age- related illness, life spans increase
61
empty nest syndrome
depressed feelings and lack of purpose when children leave home
62
boomerang kids
adult children who return home because of economic reasons, divorce, safety net, extend education, drug or alc problem
63
cluttered nest
adult children return to parental nest to live after graduation while they get established and save money for own place
64
sandwich generation
caretaking of children and aging parents= exhausting
65
crisp retirment
making a clean break from employment by stopping work entirely
66
blurred retirment
repeatedly leaving and returning to work with some periods of unemployment
67
what is grandparents role
ambiguous and have little control on how it plays out
68
what type of involvement makes grandparents satisfied
moderate
69
when grandparents raise grandchildren what type of stress is experineced
financial, parental issues, and their own health
70
what is happening to american society with age
growing older
71
older men can regulate what more effectively
their emotions and maximize the positive
72
young old
65-74/ retired, good health
73
old- old
75-84/ showing age as health problems increase
74
oldest old
over 85/ frailest, loneliest, poorest
75
psychological phenomenon of older adulthood
depends on persons mental attitude toward accomplishments of past and possibilities for future
76
biological reality
variations among older adults are a result of different genetic heritages
77
social phenomenon of older adulthood
one's social class and standing directly affect one's health and life expectancy
78
family process on older adulthood
context of ongoing interpersonal relationships with family members whose attitudes help define and redefine oneself
79
ageism
prejudging an older person negatively solely on the basis of age
80
alzheimers is most common cause of what
dementia, a memory loss and other cognitive abilities
81
early onset alzheimers effects
a person under 65
82
reasons people stay in long- term marriages
out of habit, cultural traditions, no better option, genuine love and care
83
what happens to cognitive intimacy when loosing a spouse
maintained by thinking of departed partner
84
what happens to interdependent intimacy when loosing a spouse
maintained by hearing the voice of the dead partner in thoughts
85
living apart together
couples are in a committed relationship but choose to maintain separate homes
86
stress is
daily pressure that everyone encounters and the body's reaction
87
coping
action taken when something is identified as stressful or harmful
88
what happens if ones body is in constant stress mode
it results in serious health problems
89
when do physical and emotional problems occur according to holmes and rahe
individuals experience a cluster of major and minor changes in life- established groundwork to study link between stress and physical illness
90
ambiguous loss
when a loss remains unclear
91
boundary ambiguity
people are confused about who is in or out of their family system
92
A of ABCX model
stressor
93
B of ABCX model
resources (ability to cope with crisis)
94
C of ABCX model
family's perception of stressor
95
X of ABCX model
crisis
96
how is family flexibly and cohesion change with stress
more extreme on both ends
97
how long does it take for families to adjust to major stress
6 months- 1 year
98
how long does it take for families to adjust to major stress
6 months- 1 year
99
symptoms of PTSD on stress
domestic violence, substance abuse, occupational dysfunction
100
how do Chinese view crisis
dangerous time, but new opportunities
101
what type of relationship is more likely to have domestic violence
dating relationships
102
what happens to children who witness domestic violence
grow up to be abusers themselves
103
intimate terrorism
violence enacted when taking control over one's partner
104
violence resistance
response to a partners abuse
105
situational couple violence
when there is a contentious situation in the couple relationship
106
family systems theory on domestic violence
tendency towards domestic violence as an adult to growing up in a violent home, where child learns to be victim and victimizer
107
learned helplessness theory on domestic violence
battered women often learn form childhood they should not appear competent around competitive men
108
cyclical patterns to wife battering
tension- building phase- explosion phase- honeymoon phase
109
catharsis conflict
venting anger verbally can prevent physical violence= not true as verbal aggression and physical aggression go hand in hand
110
no fault divorce
eliminating need to place blame on one partner or the other- incompatibility and irreconcilable
111
what replaced tender years doctrine
notion of joint custody
112
tender years doctrine
presumption that young children would do better with their mother than their father
113
binuclear family
one ex partner does not drop out of the family after the seperation- 2 households interrelate
114
sole custody
children primarily live with one parent- other has visitation
115
joint custody
both parents have equal importance in child's life
116
split custody
one parent has sole custody of one or more children
117
PREPARE program
10 step conflict resolution model- assertivness and active listening
118
couple enrichment program
1 or 2 days- increase sharing of personal information
119
what is goal of federal programs
help fathers connect and relate to their children- high risk minority populations
120
4 horsemen
criticism, contempt, defensivness, stonewalling
