Exam 3 Flashcards
Acid Deposition
emission of sulfur and nitrogen dioxide
When sulfur Dioxide is
Deadly if inhaled a high dose
Aquifer
a body of rock that holds groundwater: precipitation that has infiltrated the soil.
Artesian Well
brings groundwater to the surface
above the top of the artesian aquifer but below the land surface.
Biological Magnification
a trophic process in which retained substances become more concentrated with each link in the food chain
BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand)
indicates the amount of oxygen that bacteria uses in the water over a specified time
main organism is ecolii
uses the oxygen, red-dye, stinks.
Carbon Dioxide
linked to global warming
traps infrared radiation from leaving
Catalytic Converter
used to remove hydrocarbon emissions particle VOC from exhaust
CFC’s (Chlorofluorocarbons)
used as a refrigerant
destroys ozone
destoyed in the atmosphere
banned
Confined Aquifer
directly recharged by precipitation in the area where the aquifer crops out.
below the unconfined layer, solid rock, artesian etc.
overlined by an impermeable or low permeable layer
DDT
Biomagnification pyramid
DDT prime suspect
runs through food chain
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
organic compound containing Chlorine
Desalination
most common is reverse osmosis: forces water through a permeable membrane and salt stays behind.
Eutrophic
become shallow over time
swamp like, algae grows on outer edge, typically deeper
slow-flowing stream, lake or estuary enriched by inorganic plant and algal nutrients such as phosphorus.
often due to fertilizer or sewage run off
Food Chain
Global Warming
sea levels are continously rising and glaziers reduced
changes in the precipitation pattern
coastal flooding
Greenhouse Effect
sunlight that hits the earth is reflected and some becomes heat, some go back to space, CO2 and other gases in the atmosphere trap heat keeping the earth warm
Groundwater
accumulates in
fossil water
High Heat Capacity
the ability of water to absorb or release lots of heat before its temperature will change
large bodies of water that have influence on the climate due to heat reservoirs and exchange
Hydrogen Bonds
an electromagnetic attraction
between hydrogen to small, but strong electronegative atom of a different molecule
Impermeable Rock/Clay Layer
a rock unable to be penetrated by any liquid or gas
prevents the passage of liquid or gas.
Infiltration
or percolation through soil and porous rock in the hydrolofic cycle
Micro- Irrigation
using black tubes/pipes that direct water to the roots
reduces 40-60% water.
less evaporation
Nitrogen Oxides
gases produced by the chemical interactions between atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen at high temp.
CONS:
greenhouses gases
difficulty breathing
Non-Point Source Pollution
comes from many sources
enters bodies of water over large areas rather than being concentrated at a single point of entry
Diffuse, but effect is large
ex: runoff from agricultural fields or parking lots
Oligotrophic
High oxygen
like lake tahoe
unenriched, clear water that supports small populations of aquatic organisms
Lake-
low nutrient levels
good light presentation
high dissolved oxygen
low algae growth
small fish
