Exam 3

Question 1

French psychologist who designed the first formal test of intelligence

Answer 1

Alfred Binet

Question 2

Identified children who are unable to learn as quickly. Tests child’s mental age

Answer 2

Binet’s Mental Ability Test

Question 3

Age at which child could successfully answer a particular level of questions

Answer 3

Mental Age

Question 4

A number representing a measure of intelligence

IQ= MA/CA

Answer 4

Intelligence Quotient

Question 5

A distribution in which the scores are the most frequent around the mean and beCome less and less frequent the further from the mean they occur

Answer 5

Normal curve

Question 6

The degree to which a test actually measures what it’s supposed to measure

Answer 6

Validity

Question 7

Individuals whose behavioral and cognitive skills exist at a earlier development stage than the silks of others who are the same chronological age

Answer 7

Developmental Delayed

Question 8

Criteria for Developmental Delayed

Answer 8

1. IQ below 70 or 2 standard deviations below the mean
2. Adaptive limitations skills Thai allow ppl to live independently are severely below a level appropriate for the person’s age

Question 9

Classifications of Intellectual Disability

Answer 9

Mild. 55-70 90%
Moderate. 40-55. 6%
Severe. 25-40. 3%
Profound.

Question 10

Causes of intellectual disability

Answer 10

Unhealthy living conditions, lead poisoning, exposure to PCBs, prenatal exposure to mercury, poor nutrition resulting in inadequate brain development, lack of stimulation in formative years, downs syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome, fragile X syndrome

Question 11

Gifted

Answer 11

IQ ^130 2% of population

Question 12

Genius

Answer 12

IQ ^ 140-145

Question 13

Multiple intelligence theory (Gardner)

Answer 13

Believed there are different aspects of intelligence
Verbal, musical, logical/mathematical, visual/spacial, movement, interpersonal, interpersonal, naturalist, existentialist

Question 14

Sternberg’s triarchic theory

Answer 14

Analytical intelligence
Creative intelligence
Practical intelligence

Question 15

Analytical intelligence

Answer 15

The ability to break down into component parts for problem solving

Question 16

Creative intelligence

Answer 16

The ability to deal with new and different concepts and to come up with new ways of solving problems

Question 17

Practical intelligence

Answer 17

The ability to use information to get along in life and become successful

Question 18

The process by which activities are started, directed, and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met

Answer 18

Motivation

Question 19

A requirement of some material that is essential for survival of the organism

Answer 19

Need

Question 20

A need that involves a strong desire to succeed in obtaining goals, not only realistic ones but also challenging ones. Have careers where others evaluate then

Answer 20

Need for achievement

Question 21

The need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others. Good team players

Answer 21

Need for affiliation

Question 22

The need to have control or influence over others. Need ideas to be used regardless of if it will work. Status and prestige are important

Answer 22

Need for power

Question 23

Maslow’s hierarchy needs

Answer 23

Physiological needs
Safety needs
Belongingness/love needs
Esteem needs
Cognitive needs
Aesthetic needs
Self actualization needs
Transcendence needs

Question 24

The psychological aspects of being male or female

Answer 24

Sex/gender

Question 25

The culture's expectations for masculine or feminine behavior

Answer 25

Gender roles

Question 26

The process of acquiring gender role characteristics. Influenced by both biological and environmental factors

Answer 26

Gender typing

Question 27

The individual's sense of being male or female

Answer 27

Gender identity

Question 28

Emphasizes learning through observation and imitation of models. Attributes gender role development tip this process

Answer 28

Social learning theory

Question 29

Masters and Johnson's 1977 study

Answer 29

Study of human sexual response. 700 men and woman. Used equipment to measure physiological activity. 4 phases: excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

Question 30

The Kinsey report

Answer 30

Zoologist conducted face to face surveys. Believed sexual orientation was not an either/our situation some ppl fall in the middle. Results flawed

Question 31

The Janus report (1993)

Answer 31

Began in 1983, sampled 3000 ppl from all 48 mainland states. 19% men and 8% women had sex by age 14

Question 32

Term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral response to the events that are appraised as threatening or challenging

Answer 32

Stress

Question 33

The effect of positive events, or the optimal amount of stress that ppl need to promote health and well being

Answer 33

Eustress

Question 34

How stress effects the body

Answer 34

^ b/p and heart rate, destruction of neurons,sweat, vasoconstriction, changes in chemical production

Question 35

How do stress affect us

Answer 35

``` Decrease in func of immune sys NK cells ^ In risk for heart disease Decrease in cognitive skills Decrease in sleep ```

Question 36

Assessment that measures the amount of stress in a person's life over a 1 year period resulting from major life events

Answer 36

The social readjustment rating scale SRRS

Question 37

The degree to which we feel we have control over a situation determines the amount of stress we feel

Answer 37

Uncontrollability

Question 38

The feeling produced by blocking of a desired goal or need

Answer 38

Frustration

Question 39

Approach-approach conflict

Answer 39

Conflict occurring when a person must choose between 2 desirable goals

Question 40

Approach-avoidance conflict

Answer 40

Conflict occurring when a person must choose or not choose a goal that has positive and negative aspects

Question 41

Avoidance-avoidance conflict

Answer 41

Conflict which a person has to choose between two undesirable goals

Question 42

Double approach-avoidance conflict

Answer 42

Conflict in which a person must decide between 2 goals, with each goal having positive and negative aspects

Question 43

Multiple approach-avoidance conflict

Answer 43

Conflict which the person must decide between more than 2 goals, each having positive and negative aspects

Question 44

Primary appraisal

Answer 44

1st step in assessing stress, estimating severity of stressor and classify it as threat or challenge

Question 45

Secondary appraisal

Answer 45

2nd step in assessing a threat, estimating resources available to the person for coping with stressor

Question 46

Type A personality

Answer 46

Workaholic, ambitious, time conscious, and tends to have increased levels of hostility and anger as well as being easily annoyed

Question 47

Type B personality

Answer 47

Relaxed and laid back, less driven and competitive than type a, and slow to anger

Question 48

Type C personality

Answer 48

Pleasant but repressed.

Question 49

Hardy personality

Answer 49

Thrives on stress but lacks the anger and hostility of Type A personality 3Cs: commitment, control, challenge

Question 50

Social support

Answer 50

The network of family, friends, and others who can offer support, comfort, or aid to person I need. Linked to decrease stress

Question 51

The ability to learn from one's experiences, acquire knowledge, and use resources effectively in adapting to new situations or solving problems

Answer 51

Intelligence

Question 52

Optimist

Answer 52

Person who expects positive outcomes. Reports low stress. ^ immune sys