Exam 3 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Erikson - guilt
- overly strict super ego or conscious causing too much guilt
- related to excessive threats,criticism,punishments from adults
Empathy
Ability to understand the emotions and concerns of another person especially when they differ from one’s own
Fast mapping
Speedy and precise way of learning language : objects verbs modifiers
create new words
doesn’t understand metaphors yet
Pragmatics
Using language for different purposes
changing language to meet the needs of the listener or the situation
following the rules of the conversation
ex. telephone, doesn’t say on the phone really long because they can’t connect to stay interested
Scripts
Description of a familiar sequence of actions or events that are necessary to achieve an objective ex. playing McDonald’s
Gender typing
Any association with objects activities roles or traits with one sex or another that come for conform to cultural gender stereotypes
Influence on gender typing
Environmental parents and family teachers peers genetic, such as hormones
Gender identity
How an individual of self as relatively masculine or feminine characteristics
Gender role
Set of expectations (norms)about a gender define how specific gender group ought to have
Gender schema
Definition: Gender schema theory refers to the theory that children learn about what it means to be male and female from the culture in which they live. According to this theory, children adjust their behavior to fit in with the gender norms and expectations of their culture.
Animistic thinking
The belief that natural objects and phenomena are alive.
Executive function
is a set of mental skills that help you get things done. These skills are controlled by an area of the brain called the frontal lobe.
Centration
A characteristic of pre-operational thought in which a young child focuses on one idea and excluding others
Egocentrism
Piaget’s term for children’s tendency to think about the world entirely from their own personal perspective
Conservation
The principle that the amount of substance remains the same even when appearances change
Emotional self regulation
Being able to think constructively about how to cope with feelings
Ex being able to cheer yourself up
Pre-operational stage
Ages 2-7
starts when the child begins to learn to speak at age two and lasts up until the age of seven
Piaget noted that children do not yet understand concrete logic and cannot mentally manipulate information
Cooperative play
when a child is interested both in the people playing and in the activity they are doing. In cooperative play, the activity is organized, and participants have assigned roles
Associative play
when the child is interested in the people playing but not in coordinating their activities with those people, or when there is no organized activity at all. There is a substantial amount of interaction involved, but the activities are not in sync.
Self-concept for preschoolers
Developing self-concept is a continual process, filled with self-discovery. Children begin to establish self-concept in infancy and continue throughout childhood. A child learns his importance and his role in the environment. He begins to value himself when you nurture him and encourage him. Developing a positive self-concept builds confidence in the child, and provides him with tools necessary to succeed.
Eriksons - initiative
- new sense of purposefulness
- eagerness to try new tasks, join activities with peers
- play permits trying out new skills
