Exam 3 Flashcards
(167 cards)
What are the four genes implicated in the pathogenesis of colon cancer? In order?
APC
K-Ras
DCC
p53
Cancers caused by Lynch Syndrome?
colorectal
endometrial
ovarian
What enzyme does stool Guiac measure?
peroxidase
How often should a colonoscopy be done?
10 years
How often should a flexible sigmoidoscopy be done? With?
5 years
FOBT every 3 years
How often should a high sensitivity FOBT be performed?
every year
When should a patient with Crohns or UC have a coloscopy be done? Repeat how often?
8-10 years from their diagnosis
every 1-2 years
When should a colonoscopy for Lynch Syndrome be performed?
20-25 years
When should a colonoscopy for FAP Syndrome begin?
10-12 years
Which nodes would rectal cancer spread to?
inguinal
How many nodes should be examined for staging?
15
How long should the margins be during resection?
5 cm both sides
What does Tis mean?
intra-epithelial
What does T1 mean?
muscularis mucosa in to submucosa
What does T2 mean?
invades muscularis propria
What does T3 mean?
invades pericolorectal tissues
What does T4a mean?
penetrates peritoneum
What does T4b mean?
invades adjacent organs
What is the most common mutated oncogene in panceatic cancer?
Kras
What are the two chemicals associated with pancreatic cancer?
β-naphthyline
benzidine
How do tumors of the pancreatic head present?
jaundice and weight loss
How do pancreatic tumors of the body and tail present?
pain
What is the diagnostic modality of choice for pancreatic cancer?
Spiral CT with contrast
What type of pancreatic tumors are found with ERCP?
small tumors