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Gross II > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The liver lies mostly in the _____ hypochondrium and ________ region.

A

RIGHT hypochondrium

Epigastric

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2
Q

The ______ and ______/_____ of the ________ are found in the left hypochondrium

A

SPLEEN

FUNDUS/BODY of the STOMACH

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3
Q

13 layers of the anterior abdominal wall:

A 
Skin
Superficial Layer of Superficial Fascia (Camper's Fascia)
Deep Layer of Superficial Fascia (Scarpa's Fascia)
Deep Fascia
External Oblique
Internal Oblique
Transversus Abdominus
Transfersalis Fascia
Extraperitoneal Fascia
Parietal Peritoneum
Peritoneal Cavity
Visceral Peritoneum
Abdominal Organs
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4
Q

Extravasation of urine occurs between which two layers?

A

Scarpa’s Fascia and Deep Fascia

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5
Q

External Oblique
Origin:
Innervation:

A

External Oblique
Origin: LOWER 8 RIBS
Innervation: ANTERIOR PRIMARY RAMI OF LOWER 6 THORACIC NERVES

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6
Q

Internal Oblique

Innervation:

A

Anterior Primary Rami of Lower 6 Thoracic and First Lumbar Nerves

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7
Q

Above the Arctuate Line
Anterior Layer of Rectus Sheath:
Posterior Layer of Rectus Sheath:

A

Above the Arctuate Line
Anterior Layer of Rectus Sheath: APONEUROSIS of EXTERNAL and INTERNAL OBLIQUE MUSCLES
Posterior Layer of Rectus Sheath: APONEUROSIS of INTERNAL OBLIQUE and TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS MUSCLES

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8
Q

Below the Arcuate Line
Anterior Layer of Rectus Sheath:
Posterior Layer of Rectus Sheath:

A

Below the Arcuate Line
Anterior Layer of Rectus Sheath: APONEUROSIS of EXTERNAL OBLIQUE, INTERNAL OBLIQUE, and TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS
Posterior Layer of Rectus Sheath: TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA

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9
Q

Median Umbilical Fold contains…
Medial Umbilical Fold contains…
Lateral Umbilical Fold contains…

A

Median Umbilical Fold contains URACHUS
Medial Umbilical Fold contains OBLITERATED UMBILICAL ARTERY
Lateral Umbilical Fold contains INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC VESSELS

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10
Q

The inguinal ligament is formed the lower edge of the _______ _______ aponeurosis

A

External Oblique

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11
Q

Superficial Inguinal Ring is a triangular opening in the _______ _______ aponeurosis

A

External Oblique

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12
Q

The Deep Inguinal Ring is an opening within the _________ ________.

A

Transversalis Fascia

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13
Q

An indirect inguinal hernia passes ______ to the inferior epigastric vessels

A

Lateral

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14
Q

A direct inguinal hernia passes _______ to the inferior epigastric vessels

A

Medial

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15
Q

The internal spermatic fascia is derived from the…

A

Transversalis Fascia

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16
Q

What structure runs in the inguinal canal but not in the spermatic cord

A

Ilioinguinal Nerve

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17
Q

Tunica Vaginalis is derived from…

A

Peritoneum

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18
Q

Seminiferous tubules unite to form straight tubules called…

A

Rete Testis

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19
Q

Condition where testes are undescended at birth

A

Cryptorchidism

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20
Q

Accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity

A

Ascites

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21
Q

T/F The transverse colon is a retroperitoneal structure

A

False - Transverse colon is NOT a retroperitoneal structure

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22
Q

Which peritoneum is sensitive to pain

A

Parietal Peritoneum

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23
Q

Omenta =

A

Apron

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24
Q

______ _______ (_______ ____): lies posterior to the liver, lesser omentum, and stomach.

A

Omental Bursa - Lesser Sac

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25
________ ________ _______: longitudinal depression lateral to the ascending colon
Right Paracolic Gutter
26
The duodenum is derived from...
Forgut and Midgut
27
Myenteric Plexus: between ______ and _________ layers of muscularis externa
Circular and Longitudinal layers
28
The stomach functions primarily in...
Digestion rather than absorption
29
The most distal portion of the stomach
Pyloric Part
30
Opening between the stomach and duodenum
Pyloric Orifice
31
"Which of the following is located within the stomach?"
Rugae/Gastric Folds
32
________ ________ _______ ______: A tumor-like increase in the size of the pyloric sphincter. More common in (males/females)
Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis | Males
33
Spasmodic contraction of pyloric sphincter
Pylorospasm
34
Smallest and largest branch of celiac trunk
Left Gastric Artery - smallest | Splenic Artery - Largest
35
3 branches of the splenic artery
Pancreatic branches Short Gastric artery Left Gastro-Omental (Gastroepiploic) artery
36
Branch of splenic artery that goes to the fundus of the stomach
Short Gastric Artery
37
Branch of the splenic artery that runs to the RIGHT along the greater curvature of the stomach within the greater omentum
Left Gastroepiploic (Gastro-Omental) Artery
38
3 branches of the gastroduodenal artery
Supraduodenal Artery Right Gastroepiploic (Gastro-Omental) Artery Superior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery
39
Branch of the gastroduodenal artery that runs to the LEFT along the greater curvature of the stomach within the greater omentum.
Right Gastroepiploic (Gastro-Omental) Artery
40
Gland that secretes a dilute alkaline mucus in duodenum
Brunner's/Duodenal Gland
41
Most common site for ulcers distal to stomach
Superior/First Part of Duodenum (Duodenal Cap)
42
Junction of foregut and midgut
Descending/Second Part of Duodenum
43
Where the bile duct and pancreatic duct empty.
Descending/Second Part of Duodenum
44
Fibromuscular band which extends from the diaphragm to the duodenojejunal flexure
Suspesnsory Muscle of the Duodenum
45
Duodenal Ulcers may perforate... - Allowing contents to escape into ______ ______, causing ________. - Due to proximity, _____, _____, and ______ are often damaged. - Can also erode __________ artery
Duodenal Ulcers may perforate... - Allowing contents to escape into PERITONEAL CAVITY, causing PERITONITIS. - Due to proximity, LIVER, PANCREAS, and GALLBLADDER are often damaged. - Can also erode GASTRODUODENAL artery
46
Segment of the GI tract most Involved with nutrient uptake - absorption
Jejunum
47
Ileum absorbs... (3)
Fat Soluble Vitamins B12 Bile Salts
48
Peyer's Patches are present in the ______.
Ileum
49
Plicae Circulares are _____, _____ in the jejunum
Tall, Many
50
Fingerlike pouch which projects from the distal ileum
Ileal (Meckel's) Diverticulum
51
Ileal (Meckel's) Diverticulum contains...
all layers of ileum
52
Produces a "cobblestone" radiographic appearance
Crohn's Disease
53
Prevents backflow of feces into the small intestine
Ileal Fold
54
Appendix Most common position: 2nd most common position:
Retrocecal - most common | Pelvic - 2nd most common
55
Taeniae Coli: three narrow longitudinal bands of muscle seen most prominently in the _____ and _____ _____
Cecum and Ascending Colon
56
Herniation of the mucosa of the colon through the muscular layer WITHOUT inflammation
Diverticulosis
57
Innervation of Large Intestine Cecum through 2/3 of Transverse Colon: Left 1/3 of Transverse Colon to Anal Canal:
Innervation of Large Intestine Cecum through 2/3 of Transverse Colon: autonomic fibers from the SUPERIOR MESENTERIC PLEXUS Left 1/3 of Transverse Colon to Anal Canal: autonomic fibers from INFERIOR MESENTERIC PLEXUS and HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS
58
Portal Venous System drains... (4)
GI Tract Spleen Pancreas Gallbladder
59
Obstructive sign in the umbilicus region
Caput Medusae
60
Obstructive sign in rectum and anal canal
Hemorrhoids
61
Obstructive sign in distal esophagus
Esophageal Varices
62
Caval vein tributary in rectum and anal canal
Middle and Inferior Rectal veins
63
Portal vein tributary in rectum and anal canal
Superior Rectal vein
64
Portal vein tributary in distal esophagus
Left Gastric vein
65
Hilum of liver
Porta Hepatis
66
Porta Hepatis contains... (3)
Common Hepatic Duct Hepatic Artery Proper Portal Vein
67
_______ lobe - receives blood from the LFFT branch of the hepatic artery _______ lobe - receives blood from the RIGHT branch of the hepatic artery
QUADRATE lobe - receives blood from the LFFT branch of the hepatic artery CAUDATE lobe - receives blood from the RIGHT branch of the hepatic artery
68
Hepatic Segments I - IV in the _____ functional half | Hepatic Segments V - VIII in the _____ functional half
Hepatic Segments I - IV in the LEFT functional half | Hepatic Segments V - VIII in the RIGHT functional half
69
Main blood supply to liver (2)
Portal Vein - 75% | Hepatic Artery - 25%
70
Gallstones most commonly become impacted at the...
Hepatopancreatic Ampulla (or sphincter)
71
30% of gallstone patients refer pain to...
Right Subclavian region of back
72
Pancreatic Duct drains... | Accessory Pancreatic duct drains...
Pancreatic Duct drains... NECK, BODY, TAIL | Accessory Pancreatic duct drains... HEAD and UNCINATE PROCESS
73
Three subdivisions of the visceral surface of the spleen
Gastric Surface Colic Surface Renal Surface

Gross II (4 decks)

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