Exam 1

Question 1

Main motor innervation of the face

Answer 1

Facial Nerve - CN VII

Question 2

Main sensory innervation of the face

Answer 2

Trigeminal Nerve - CN V

Question 3

3 major branches of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 3

Opthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular

Question 4

5 branches of opthalmic (of trigeminal)

Answer 4

Supraorbital
Supratrochlear
Infratrochlear
External Nasal
Lacrimal

Question 5

3 branches of maxillary (of trigeminal)

Answer 5

Zygomaticotemporal
Zygomaticofacial
Infraorbital

Question 6

3 branches of mandibular (of trigeminal)

Answer 6

Auriculotemporal
Buccal
Mental

Question 7

Sensory innervation of posterior neck and scalp

Answer 7

Posterior (dorsal) primary rami of cervical nerves 2 to 4

Question 8

________ _________ Nerve (Posterior Primary Ramus of C2): Supplies the…

Answer 8

Greater Occipital Nerve: Supplies the Occipital Region

Question 9

_______ _______ Nerve (Posterior Primary Ramus of C3): Supplies the…

Answer 9

Third Occipital Nerve: Supplies the Upper Part of Back of Neck

Question 10

Posterior Primary Ramus of C4: Supplies the..

Answer 10

Lower Part of Back of Neck

Question 11

Lesser Occipital Nerve (C2): Supplies…

Answer 11

Lateral part of occipital region, posterior to the ear

Question 12

Greater Auricular Nerve (C2/C3): Supplies…

Answer 12

Angle of mandible and area inferior to ear

Question 13

The greater auricular nerve accompanies the _______ _______ _____

Answer 13

External Jugular Vein

Question 14

Transvers Cervical Nerve (C2/C3): Supplies…

Answer 14

Anterior surface of neck (throat)

Question 15

___________ Nerve (C3/C4): Supplies the lateral surface of the neck and has three subdivisions

Answer 15

Supraclavicular Nerve

Question 16

3 subdivisions of the supraclavicular nerve

Answer 16

Medial supraclavicular
Intermediate supraclavular
Lateral supraclavicular

Question 17

Motor fibers to the infrahyoid muscles arise from…

Answer 17

a loop called the ANSA CERVICALIS

Question 18

(Ansa Cervicalis)

Superior Root:

Answer 18

from C1 or C1/C2.

Descends from Hypoglossal nerve to join inferior root

Question 19

(Ansa Cervicalis)

Inferior Root:

Answer 19

from C2/C3

Descends from cervical branches to join superior root

Question 20

Ansa Cervicalis supplies which 3 of the 4 infrahyoid muscles

Answer 20

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid

Question 21

Infrahyoid muscle NOT supplied by Ansa Cervicalis and what DOES supply it.

Answer 21

Thyrohyoid - Hypoglossal (C1)

Question 22

Origins of the phrenic nerve

Answer 22

C3/C4/C5

“C3, C4 and C5 keep the diaphragm alive”

Question 23

The phrenic nerve can be found in the neck lying on the…

Answer 23

Anterior surface of the anterior scalene muscle

Question 24

Pathological contraction of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 24

Torticollis

Question 25

3 types of torticollis

Answer 25

Congenital Torticollis: Fibrous tissue tumor - birth or shortly before Muscular Torticollis: Birth injury Spasmodic Torticollis:Abnormal tonicity - Adults - responds well to chiropractic care

Question 26

The external jugular vein is formed immediately below the...

Answer 26

Parotid Gland

Question 27

The external jugular vein is formed by the union of...

Answer 27

Retromandibular Vein | Posterior Auricular Vein

Question 28

6 tributaries of the external jugular vein

Answer 28

``` Retromandibular Posterior Auricular Posterior External Jugular Anterior Jugular Transverse Cervical Suprascapular ```

Question 29

Prominent External Jugular Vein can occur from...

Answer 29

Congestive Heart Failure | Obstruction of Superior Vena Cava

Question 30

Boundaries of the posterior triangle (of the neck)

Answer 30

Sternocleidomastoid - anterior Trapezius - posterior Clavicle - inferior

Question 31

Boundaries of the anterior triangle (of the neck)

Answer 31

Mandible - superior Anterior Midline - anterior Sternocleidomastoid - posterior

Question 32

The apex of the anterior triangle lies inferiorly at the...

Answer 32

Jugular Notch

Question 33

4 subdivisions of the anterior triangle

Answer 33

Submental Triangle Submandibular Triangle Carotid Triangle Muscular Triangle

Question 34

Only subdivision of the anterior triangle unpaired

Answer 34

Submental Triangle

Question 35

Superficial layer of infrahyoid muscles

Answer 35

Omohyoid | Sternohyoid

Question 36

Deep layer of infrahyoid muscles

Answer 36

Sternothyroid | Thyrohyoid

Question 37

Fascia which encloses the platysma muscle and contains cutaneous nerves, superficial veins and lymph nodes

Answer 37

Superficial Cervical Fascia

Question 38

Fascia that splits to enclose the SCM

Answer 38

Investing layer of Deep Cervical Fascia

Question 39

Fascia that encloses the thyroid gland, trachea and esophagus

Answer 39

Pretracheal layer of Deep Cervical Fascia

Question 40

Fascia which encloses the vertebral column and deep muscles of the back

Answer 40

Prevertebral layer of Deep Cervical Fascia

Question 41

Cylinder of fascia which extends from the base of the skull to the root of the neck

Answer 41

Carotid Sheath of Deep Cervical Fascia

Question 42

5 structures contained in the Carotid Sheath of Deep Cervical Fascia

Answer 42

``` Common Carotid Artery Internal Carotid Artery Internal Jugular Vein (largest vein in neck Vagus Nerve (largest nerve in neck) Deep Cervical Lymph Nodes ```

Question 43

Fascia which may allow an infection to spread from the head and neck to the mediastinum

Answer 43

Pretrachel Fascia

Question 44

Boundaries of the Superior Thoracic Aperature

Answer 44

1st thoracic Vetebra First ribs and their Crtilages Manubrium of Sternum

Question 45

Thymus produces...

Answer 45

T-Lymphocytes

Question 46

Thymus lies ________ to the thyroid gland

Answer 46

Inferior

Question 47

Blood supply to the thymus

Answer 47

Internal Thoracic Artery

Question 48

Innervation of thymus

Answer 48

Stellate Ganglion of Sympathetic Trunk of Vagus

Question 49

Thyroid gland is an _______ organ which produces ________ and _______

Answer 49

Endocrine | Thyroxine and Calcitonin

Question 50

Thyroid gland lies from ___ to ___ vertebra

Answer 50

C5 to T1

Question 51

________ lobe of the thyroid gland is present in ___% of the population

Answer 51

Pyramidal - 50%

Question 52

Thyroid blood supply: Superior Thyroid Artery from the... Inferior Thyroid Artery from the... Variation:

Answer 52

Superior Thyroid Artery from the EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY Inferior Thyroid Artery from the THYROCERVICAL TRUNK Variation: Thyroid Ima Artery - 10%

Question 53

Thyroid veins: Superior Thyroid Vein to the... Middle Thyroid Vein to the... Inferior Thyroid Vein to the...

Answer 53

Superior - Internal Jugular Middle - Internal Jugular Inferior - Brachiocephalic

Question 54

Two types of goiters...

Answer 54

Endemic Goiter - dietary deficiency of iodine | Exophthalmic Goiter - Autoimmune ("Graves Disease")

Question 55

Parathyroid glands are endocrine glands which are involved in...

Answer 55

Calcium Homeostasis

Question 56

3 reasons why thyroid surgery is difficult

Answer 56

Highly Vascular Presence of Parathyroid Glands Presence of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

Question 57

8 branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 57

``` Superior Thyroid Ascending Pharyngeal Lingual Facial Occipital Posterior Auricular Superior Temporal Maxillary ```

Question 58

6 Tributaries of the Internal Jugular Vein

Answer 58

``` Inferior Petrosal Sinus Pharyngeal Veins Facial Vein Lingual Vein Superior Thyroid Vein Middle Thyroid Vein ```

Question 59

Cause of Hoarsness

Answer 59

Unilateral damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 60

4 causes of damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 60

Trauma Goiter or thyroid tumor Lung tumor Aortic aneurism (left side)