Exam 3 Flashcards
(40 cards)
1
Q
symptoms of schizophrenia
A
- disturbances in thought, emotion, and behavior
- disorder thinking (ideas not logically related)
- faulty perception and attention
- lack of emotional expressiveness or inappropriate expressions
- disturbances in movement and behavior
- may withdraw from everyday reality often into a life of odd beliefs (delusions) and hallucinations
2
Q
disorganized symptoms of schizophrenia
A
- disorganized speech
- disorganized behavior: they lose the ability to organize their behavior and conform it to community standards
3
Q
catatonia in schizophrenia
A
- gesture repeatedly using peculiar and complex finger, hand, and arm movements
- some manifest an unusual increase in overall level of activity (manic-like)
- catatonic immobility: adopting unusual postures and maintaining them for long periods of times (includes waxy flexibility: another person moves the patients limbs and the they maintain that position for longer periods of time)
4
Q
schizophreniform disorder
A
same symptoms as schizophrenia but last from 1 to 6 months
5
Q
brief psychotic disorder
A
same symptoms as schizophrenia but lasts from 1 day to 1 month (AKA psychotic break)
6
Q
schizoaffective disorder
A
mixture of schizophrenia and mood disorder symptoms (manic or depressive symptoms continue when schizophrenic symptoms are on hold)
7
Q
delusional disorder
A
persistent delusions of persecution or by delusional jealousy, being followed, etc. (doesn’t have hallucinations and delusions are less bizarre)
8
Q
first-generation medications for schizophrenia
A
- phenothiazines, thioxanthenes
- reduce positive and disorganized symptoms but have little or no effect on negative symptoms
- unpleasant side effects
9
Q
second-generation antipsychotic medications for schizophrenia
A
- fewer motor side effects than first generation
- can impair immune system functioning by lowering WBC count in some people
- must be monitored with routine blood tests
- can produce seizures and other side effects
- related to development to type 2 diabetes
10
Q
personality disorders
A
- long-standing, pervasive, and inflexible patterns of behavior and inner experience that deviate from culture expectations
- problematic patterns manifest in at least two areas: cognition, emotions, relationships, and impulse control
- must cause distress or functional impairment
11
Q
five-factor model of personality
A
- Openness to experience (adrenaline junkie to routine dependent)
- Conscientiousness (planning and organized to procrastination and chaos)
- Extraversion/ introversion
- Agreeableness/ antagonism
- Neuroticism (high striving, competitive to difficulty making a decision, not striving because of fear to make a mistake)
12
Q
Cluster A personality disorders
A
- paranoid personality disorders
- schizoid personality disorder
- schizotypical personality disorder
- symptoms similar to bizarre thinking and experiences seen in schizophrenia
13
Q
paranoid personality disorder
A
- suspicious of others
- often hostile to perceived insults
14
Q
schizoid personality disorder
A
- no desire for social relationships
- appear dull and have no warm feelings for other people
- rarely experience strong emotions, not interested in sex
- indifferent to praise, criticism, and sentiments
15
Q
schizotypical personality disorder
A
- socially isolated
- eccentric symptoms that are milder versions of schizophrenia symptoms
- odd beliefs, magical thinking
- illusions
- paranoid ideation
16
Q
Cluster B personality disorders
A
- borderline personality disorder
- histrionic personality disorder
- narcissistic personality disorder
- antisocial personality disorder
- symptoms range from highly inconsistent behavior to inflated self esteem, exaggerated emotional displays, and rule-breaking behavior
17
Q
borderline personality disorder
A
- impulsivity and instability in relationships and mood
- emotions are intense, erratic, and can shift abruptly
- overly sensitive to small signs of emotions in others
- can’t bear to be alone
- experience transient psychotic and dissociative symptoms when stressed
18
Q
histrionic personality disorder
A
- overly dramatic and attention-seeking behavior
- often use physical appearance to draw attention
- self-centered, uncomfortable when not the center of attention
19
Q
narcissistic personality disorder
A
- grand view of their abilities and preoccupied with fantasies of success
- more than a little self-centered, requiring constant attention and admiration
- lack of empathy, arrogance with feelings of entitlement (expect others to do special favors for them)
- extremely sensitive to criticism becoming enraged when others don’t admire them
- seek out high-status partners but when they inevitably fall short of their unrealistic expectations thy become angry and rejecting
20
Q
antisocial personality disorder
A
- pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of others since age of 15
- presence of conduct disorder before age of 15
21
Q
Cluster C personality disorders
A
- avoidant personality disorder
- dependent personality disorder
- obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
22
Q
avoidant personality disorder
A
- so fearful of criticism rejection, and disapproval they will avoid jobs or relationships
- restrained in social situations for extreme fear of saying something foolish, being embarrassed..
- believe they are incompetent and inferior to others
23
Q
dependent personality disorder
A
- overreliance on others and a lack of self-confidence
- when a relationship ends, they urgently seek another one to replace it
24
Q
gender vs. sex
A
- gender: psychological and social traits associated with being male or female
- sex: whether you are biologically female or male
25
four stages of sexual response
- desire
- excitement
- orgasm
- resolution
26
externalizing disorder in children
- outward-directed behaviors (aggressiveness, noncompliance, overactivity etc)
- attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder
27
internalizing disorder in childre
childhood anxiety and mood disorders
28
ADHD subtypes
- predominantly inattentive type
- predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type
- combined type
29
ADHD treatments
- stimulant and other medications
| - psychological treatment (behavioral therapy)
30
3 components needed for a mental retardation diagnosis
- IQ below 70-75
- deficits in adaptive behavior (toileting, concepts of time and money, traveling)
- onset prior to age 18
31
levels of MR
- mild: 50-55 to 70 IQ
- moderate: 35-40 to 50-55
- severe: 20-25 to 35-40
- profound: below 20-25
32
Fragile X syndrome
- mutation in the fMR1 gene on the x chromosome
| - have large, underdeveloped ears and long, thin face
33
PKU
- phenylketonuria
- deficiency of live enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (needed to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine, an amino acid essential for production of certain hormone such as epinephrine
34
environment factor of MR
- mercury
| - lead
35
young-old
65-74
36
old-old
75-84
37
oldest-old
over 85
38
cohort effects
growing up during a period with its unique challenges (great depression)
39
frontotemporal dementia
- loss of neurons in frontal and temporal brain regions
| - impaired planning, problem solving, and goal-directed behavior
40
cerebrovascular dementia
- cognitive symptoms of dementia are consequences of cerebrovascular disease
- likely cause is strokes
