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Drug use and abuse > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

____________ is the percentage of smoking related deaths that occur in the U.S. that reported beginning smoking when they were adolescents.

A

90%

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2
Q

Moderate drinking associated with lower risk of ___________.

A

coronary disease

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3
Q

__________ is the estimated average consumption of caffeine worldwide.

A

70mg per day

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4
Q

____________ is the estimated average consumption of caffeine in the U.S.

A

170mg per day

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5
Q

_____________ is when it is important to them.. Ex. scared of dying.

A

Intrinsic motivator

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6
Q

____________ is when they are forced to quit because of health.

A

Extrinsic motivator

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7
Q

_________ is the standard drink defined in oz’s.

A

.5

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8
Q

What is the standard drink for wine, beer, and liquor.

A

4 ,12, 1

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9
Q

______________ is an increase in the rate of metabolizing a drug as a result of its regular use.

A

Dispositional tolerance

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10
Q

_____________ Is a type of functional tolerance that occurs within a course of action of single drug dose.

A

Acute Tolerance

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11
Q

______________ is a type of functional tolerance that occurs after more chronic and regular use.

A

Protracted Functional Tolerance

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12
Q

_____________ facilitates many of the disease processes associated with smoking.

A

Carbon monoxide

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13
Q

Caffeine is absorbed through the _____________.

A

gastrointestinal tract

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14
Q

When was the peak of smoking in America?

A

1963

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15
Q

In what year was it determined that nicotine causes physical dependence?

A

1988

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16
Q

How many smokers die in the U.S. prematurely yearly?

A

430,000

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17
Q

____________ is known as the cradle to the grave drug

A

caffeine

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18
Q

___________ is how caffeine is consumed in the U.S.

A

oraly

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19
Q

__________ is how is caffeine distributed through out the body?

A

the blood

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20
Q

__________ is how caffeine is secreted from the body.

A

kidneys

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21
Q

What can coffee prevent?

A

headaches
colds
counteract side effects of other medications
appetite suppressant

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22
Q

______________ is called when sugar is dissolved to water and exposed to air.

A

fermentation

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23
Q

__________ is where the first beer was produced.

A

Egypt

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24
Q

___________ is where the first distilled spirits were produced.

A

China

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25
Q

What year was was prohibition repealed?

A

1933

26
Q

___________ will slow the absorption of alcohol.

A

eating

27
Q

___________ is the legal intoxication limit in the U.S.

A

.08

28
Q

How is alcohol metabolized?

A

through the liver. It is broken down to acetaldehyde by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase then the acetaldehydryde is eventually broken down into carbon dioxide and water.

29
Q

___________ is when amnesia about events when drinking even when there was no loss of conscious.

A

Blackout

30
Q

___________ is when partially recall events that occurred in full consciousness.

A

greyout

31
Q

The average smoker absorbs _______- ________ mg of nicotine for each cig they smoke.

A

.1 .4

32
Q

______________ is the reason people continue to smoke.

A

Short half life nicotine

33
Q

__________ has a quicker occurring tolerance.

A

nicotine

34
Q

__________ is a more depressant than a stimulant

A

nicotine

35
Q

mood swings, feeling nasuas, and being tired are parts of ____________.

A

nicotine withdrawals

36
Q

People who smoke have _______ body weight.

A

lower

37
Q

Where is most cancer causing substances found in a cig?

A

tar

38
Q

__________ % of a cigarette is inhaled when inhaled.

A

20

39
Q

___________ is the biggest cause of death in the U.S.

A

Heart disease

40
Q

Tobbacco smoke was considered a ____________ in 1993.

A

carsonagen

41
Q

Alcohol in the U.S. is denoted by __________.

A

Volume

42
Q

The proof is _________ x’s the percent of alcohol in the drink.

A

2

43
Q

____________ is classified as a food because it has calories.

A

Alcohol

44
Q

A standard drink is a ________ oz of alcohol.

A

1/2

45
Q

____________ drinking lowers risk of heart disease.

A

moderate

46
Q

What is the amount of caffeine that is consumed from young middle to older adulthood?

A

Increases to age 65

47
Q

____________ is the most toxic way to smoke tobacco?

A

cigarettes

48
Q

The prevalence of smoking since 1965 has ______________.

A

decreased

49
Q

What group ism out likely to use snuff and cigs?

A

men 18-25

50
Q

_____________ is the most efficient way to get a dose of nicotine.

A

cigars

51
Q

How long does it take to develop the first signs of nicotine tolerance.

A

during or after first cigarette

52
Q

_____________ is the most reported withdrawal symptom of nicotine.

A

headache

53
Q

______________ % of lung cancer deaths associated with smoking.

A

20

54
Q

What are methylxanthines?

A

caffeine, theophylline,theobromine

55
Q

How is caffeine most consumed through the U.S.?

A

through coffee

56
Q

When does the peak limit of caffeine occur?

A

15-45 minutes after consumption

57
Q

What are the metabolism patterns for smokers and nonsmokers?

A

smokers excrete caffeine 50% faster than nonsmokers

58
Q

What type of alcohol is used in the production of alcoholic beverages?

A

ethanol

59
Q

What is used to make Rum, Brandy, Whiskey, and Vodka?

A

Rum= sugar cane
Whiskey=corn
Brandy=distilled from wine
Vodka=fermented grains or potatoes

60
Q

_____________% of heavy alcohol use in the previous month reported in 2007.

A

7

Drug use and abuse (4 decks)

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