Flashcards in exam 3- chapter 17 Deck (57)
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1
in the early stages, how do root caries appear?
tan or brown with multiple discolored areas, soft and <2mm deep
2
what are the protective factors of caries developing?
saliva flow and components
fluoride, calcium, phosphate
antibacterials such as chlorhexodine, idodine, xylitol
3
this is the primary etiologic agent of gingivitis and periodontal disease?
bacterial plaque biofilm
4
personal oral hygiene procedures alone should be instituted and reinforced at each periodontal maintenance appt. for the best results, each oral hgiene aid with potential to assist the pt should be demonstrated and recommened for aadoption
the first statement is true, second is false
5
what is the most valuable predictor of clinical attachment loss?
increasing probe depths
6
perio patients are at risk for root caries bc the loss of clinical attachment results in susceptible root surfaces
the statement and reason are correct and related
7
hohrow do arrested root caries appear?
dark brown or black, ill defined areas of coalesced lesions and hard
8
what are the categories of chemical agents classified into?
anti inflammatory agents
protein precipitating agents
tubule occluding agents
tubule sealants
9
this is apparent when the tooth surface is clinically exposed as a result of apical migration of the junctional epithelium and loss of marginal gingiva
gingival recession
10
what occurs in the maintenance phase?
review med. and dental history
dental and perio exam
caries detection
plaque biofilm control
plaque biofilm calculus and stain removal
fluoride therapy
referral to specialists
11
what are the three phases of periodontal therapy?
initial, hygienic- including re eval. phase (phase 1)
surgical phase (phase II)
maintenance phase (phase IV)
12
what occurs in the phase 1 therapy?
plaque biofilm control, dietary analysis and modification, scaling and root planing
13
what is a characteristic of dentin sensitivity?
sharp, intermittent pain of short duration or dull chronic pain
14
this is the dominant organism in the bacterial plaque biofilm samples occurring carious root surfaces
actinomyces viscous
15
the best indicator for establishing an appropriate maintenance interval for periodontal patient is..
evidence of improvised person plaque biofilm control
16
patients at high risk for caries can be treated with
chlorhexadine rinses and use appropriate fluoride therapy and diet modifications
17
where is recession measured from?
the CEJ to the marginal gingiva and when added to the probing depths in the area, it provides an estimate of CAL
18
the most predictable measurement of increasing clinical attachment loss in maintenance patients is
increased probing depths
19
what are reasons for non-compliance with maintenance schedules?
fear
economic concerns
socioeconomic level
influence from family and friends
perceived indifference from the dental hygienist
failure to understand the significance of perio maintenance
20
what are the types of fluoride solutions or gels?
1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride
2% neutral sodium fluoride
8% stannous fluoride
21
what occurs in the phase 1 therapy re-evaluation phase?
periodontal examination, plaque biofilm control modifications
22
what are the different types of fluoride therapy?
mouth rinses, fluoride dentrifice, topical solutions and gels and communal water supplies
23
why are the exposed root surfaces a concern?
bc it results in dentin hypersensitivity or hypersensitivity and carious lesions
24
what factors determine the interval between perio maintenance visits?
probing depths
bleeding on probing
effectiveness of patient plaque biofilm control
age
medical and dental history
perio history
history of compliance
compliance with oral home care regimen
25
what are the active ingredients in desensitizing in tooth paste products?
potassium nitrate, strontium chloride, and sodium citrate
26
what are the five objectives of periodontal maintenance?
preservation of clinical attachment loss
maintenance of alveolar bone height
control of inflammation
evaluation and reinforcement of personal oral hygiene
maintenance of optimal oral health
27
this is necessary to monitor for periodontal health?
gain or loss of clinical attachment levels and probing depths
28
what are the characteristic signs of inflammation?
swelling, heat, pain and redness
29
fluoride rinses are not recommened for the pero maintenance pt bc systemic water fluoridation alone is more effective for root caries
the statement is correct, but reason is not
30
this is continuing periodic assessment and prophylactic treatment of the periodontal structures that permit early detection and treatment of new recurring abnormalities or disease
periodontal maintenance
31
the effectiveness of maintenance therapy is supported by evidence indicating that...
supragingival plaque biofilm control alone can improve probing depths and CAL in patients with perio
32
what are other names for periodontal maintenance?
recall, periodontal maintenance therapy, supportive periodontal therapy, or the maintenance phase of periodontal therapy
33
what are some factors that may cause adverse periodontal conditions?
defective restorations, overhanging margins, open contacts, over contoured crowns, poorly fitting removeable prosthesis
34
what are strategies for minimizing risk of caries?
frequent dental visits, topical fluorides, and diet control
35
what medications are associated with causing xerosotmia?
antiacne drugs
antianxiety drugs
antihypersensitives
antidepressants
muscle relaxants
antipsychotics
decongestants
parkinsonism drugs
diuretics
antiinflammtory analgesics
antinauseants
36
what are the long term periodontal maintenance components
compliance
assessment
prevention
treatment
37
what factors may contribute to the failure of maintenance of periodontal health?
insufficient patient plaque biofilm control
incomplete removal of bacterial plaque biofilm and calculus during therapy
presence of faulty restorations
prosthesis that favor the reestablishment of disease
lack of patient compliance with recommended maintenance procedures
systemic conditions that negatively affect the oral cavity
38
extension of the pocket beyond the mucogingival junction and into the alveolar mucosa represents...
mucogingival involvement
39
what are the strategies to prevent root caries?
increase remineralization of teeth through fluoride therapy
reduce number of microorganisms through effective plaque biofilm control and antimicrobial agents
modify the caries risk by selecting non cariogenic foods
limit the frequency of consuming fermentable carbs
improve salivary flow
40
what are the principal aims of the maintenance appointment?
evauluate stability of results after active therapy
remove bacterial plaque biofilm accumulations on tooth surface
eliminate all factors that favor bacteria
evaluate and reinforce plaque biofilm control
41
this is defined by loss of clinical attachment and supporting bone to multirooted tooth beyond the division of the roots
furcation involvement
42
patients with xerostomia have increased risk of...
candida infections, dental caries and perio disease
43
this is a reliable indicator of pocket inflammation
bleeding on probing
44
when perio disease recurs, what is it called?
recurrent periodontitis
45
what is something patients at high risk for caries can be treated with?
chlorhexadine rinses to reduce cariogenic bacteria and then use fluoride therapy and diet modifications
46
what are the pathological factors that develop caries?
acid producing bacteria
frequently eating and drinking of fermentable carbohydrate
subnormal saliva flow and or function
47
in patients with xerostomia, where are caries locates?
cervical margins or incisal edges..
primary and recurrent caries may arise at margins of existing restorations
48
two types of desensitizing agents
chemical and physical
49
what are the causes of tooth mobility?
inflammation of PDL
Loss of perio support
trauma from occlusion
50
all medications can cause xerostomia except...
antifungal
51
what may xerostomia be related to?
systemic conditions, head and neck radiation, drug therapy, dehydration, stress and anxiety
52
the first perio maintenance appt. after surgery should occur within
2-4 weeks
53
what physical techniques can be used for desensitizing?
dentin bonding agents such as composite resins, varnishes, sealants, glass ionomer cements, soft tissue grafts
54
what is used to inhibit demineralization and ehnace the remineralization?
fluoride
55
this is the formation of pus that is visible at the entrance of the pocket when light pressure is placed on external gingival surface
suppuration
56
what is noted in periodontal evaluation?
probing pocket depths
clinical attachment loss
gingival recession
bleeding on probing
supparation
tooth mobility
furcations
mucogingival involvement
57
