[Exam 3] Chapter 29 – Growth and Development of the Adolescent

Question 1

Age for girls and boys to enter puberty?

Answer 1

Girls: 9-10
Boys: 10-11

Question 2

Physiologic Changes With Puberty: Secretion of estrogen and testosterone in boys stimulates what

Answer 2

Development of breast tissue in girls, pubic hair in both sexes, and changes in male genitalia

Question 3

Physiologic Changes With Puberty: What does GnRH release and stimulate the production of?

Answer 3

FSH and LH.

Question 4

Physiologic Changes With Puberty: What does LH stimulate

Answer 4

ovulation in girls and acts on testicular leydig cells in boys propting maturation of testicles

Question 5

Physiologic Changes With Puberty: LSH with LH stimualtes what

Answer 5

sperm production

Question 6

Physiologic Changes With Puberty: When does menarhe occur?

Answer 6

First menstrual period, usually begins between 9-15 years of age.

Question 7

Physiologic Changes With Puberty: When does thelarche occur?

Answer 7

Breast budding occurs at 9-11 years

Question 8

Physiologic Changes With Puberty: First sign of pubertal changes in boys?

Answer 8

Testicular enlargement in response to testosterone, usually in tanner stage 2.

Question 9

Physiologic Changes With Puberty: What happens as testosterone levels increase

Answer 9

penis and scrotum wil enlarge, hair distributes more, and scrotal skin texture changes.

Question 10

Physical Growth: When does height stop in girls?

Answer 10

Ceases 2 to 2.5 years after menarche

Question 11

Physical Growth: When do boys stop growing in height?

Answer 11

13.5 to 17.5 years old.

Question 12

Physical Growth: When does peak height velocity occur?

Answer 12

6 months after menarche for girls

14 years old in boys

Question 13

Organ System Maturation - Neurologic System: What changes occur her?

Answer 13

Brian size stays the same, a long with neurons. But growth of myelin sheath enables faster neural processing

Question 14

Organ System Maturation - Respiratory System: RR now?

Answer 14

15-20 breaths per minute.

Question 15

Organ System Maturation - Respiratory System: Why is volume and capacity greater in boys than girls?

Answer 15

Because of increased chest and shoulder size

Question 16

Organ System Maturation - Cardiovascular System: Changes in heart?

Answer 16

Increase in size and strength

BP rises and HR decreases

Question 17

Organ System Maturation - GI System: Teeth here?

Answer 17

Full set with exception of last 4 molars, which come between 17-20 years

Question 18

Organ System Maturation - Musculoskeletal System: When is ossification complete?

Answer 18

Late adolescence in boys. Earlier in girls.

Question 19

Organ System Maturation - Musculoskeletal System: Wht do low estrogen levels do?

Answer 19

Stimulate skeletal growth, while higher inhibit growth

Question 20

Organ System Maturation - Integumentary System: What do androgens cause here?

Answer 20

Sebaceous glands become more active, particularly on the face, back, and genitals.

Question 21

Psychosocial Development: Erik Eriksons stage here?

Answer 21

Identity vs Role Confusion or Diffusion

Question 22

Psychosocial Development: How are previous roles revisited here according to Erik Erikson? With Trust, Autonomy, Initiative, and Industry

Answer 22

Trust encountered as they trust people. In autonomy, adolescent seeks out ways to expres their individuality. Initiative as they start to think what they’ll become. Industry as they make choice to participate in clubs

Question 23

Cognitive Development: How does adolescent progress here?

Answer 23

From concrete framework of thinking to an abstract one. Develops ability to think outside of the present . Can incorporate into thinking concepts that do exist as well as concept that may exist

Question 24

Cognitive Development: According to Piaget, how does thinking become?

Answer 24

Logical, organized, and consistent. Is able to think about a problem from all points of view.

Question 25

Moral and Spiritual Development: According to Kohlberg, adolescents are experiencing what

Answer 25

postconventional stage of moral development. Majority of choices based on emotions while they question societal standards. They end up developing their own morals

Question 26

Moral and Spiritual Development: How do they view religion?

Answer 26

May begin to question their formal religious practices or some may cling to them

Question 27

Emotional/Social Development - Relationship with Parents: How do parents feel with adolescents hanging out with friends more?

Answer 27

Feel that they have less influence on the adolescent as the teen questions family values and becomes more mobile. Leads to family crisis

Question 28

Emotional/Social Development - Relationship with Parents: What do families do to ensure a positive outcome?

Answer 28

Families who lsiten to and continue to demonstrate affection for and acceptance of their adolescent

Question 29

Emotional/Social Development - Importance of Peers: Adolescent peer relationships are very important in providing what?

Answer 29

Negotiating differences, someone to share problems with, learning peer loyalty, and creating stability during transitions or time of stress.

Question 30

Emotional/Social Development - Sexuality and Dating: What is sexuality?

Answer 30

Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to the adolescents sexual identity

Question 31

Promoting Growth and Development W/ Sports and Physical Fitness: High levels of physical activity provides disease prevention against

Answer 31

cancer, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes, and depression

Question 32

Promoting Growth and Development W/ Sports and Physical Fitness: In relation to sports, role of the nurse is what?

Answer 32

Educate to prevent injuries. Includes discouraging participation when teen is tired or has an existing injury , encourage use of proper gear, and ensure that adolescent learns how to plat sport

Question 33

Promoting Learning - School: Dropout rates remain highest with what group

Answer 33

Hispanics

Question 34

Promoting Learning - School: Studnets with poor grades and low academic achievement exhibit what behaviors?

Answer 34

More emtoional behaviors such as violence and are more likely to engage in risky behaviors sch as early sexual initiation

Question 35

Promoting Safety: Factors related to prevalence of adolescent injuries includes what?

Answer 35

Increased physical growth, insufficient psychomotor coordination, and abundance of energy

Question 36

Promoting Nutrition - Nutritional Needs: Boys and girls who are moderately active need how many calories?

Answer 36

Boys - 2400-2800 | Girls - 2000

Question 37

Promoting Nutrition - Nutritional Needs: How much calcium is needed?

Answer 37

1300 mg each day

Question 38

Promoting Nutrition - Nutritional Needs: Male and Female needs for iron?

Answer 38

Male - 11 mg | Female - 15 mg

Question 39

Promoting Nutrition - Nutritional Needs: Protein requirements?

Answer 39

Girls - 46 g | Boys - 52 g

Question 40

Promoting Nutrition - Preventing Development of Overweight/Obesity: What factors lead to obesity?

Answer 40

Poor food choices, unhealthy eating practices, and lack of exercise.

Question 41

Promoting Healthy Sleep/Rest: How much sleep is needed?

Answer 41

8.5 to 9.5 hours

Question 42

Promoting Healthy Teeth/Gums: What conditions may ocur here?

Answer 42

Malocculsion, gingivitis and tooth avulsion

Question 43

Promoting Healthy Teeth/Gums: What is Malocclusion?

Answer 43

(Poor Bite) that occurs from facial and mandibular bone growth that results in misalignment of top teeth with bottom teeth

Question 44

Promoting Healthy Teeth/Gums: What is tooth avlusion?

Answer 44

(Knocked-out teeth) that may occur during sports. Must be replanted as soon as possible. Reinsert in tooth socket or store in cool milk

Question 45

Promoting Personal Care - Body Piercing: Some infections that result from unclean tools include?

Answer 45

Hepatitis, tetanus, tuberculosis, and HIV

Question 46

Promoting Personal Care - Body Piercing: How long for naval infection to hel for tongue?

Answer 46

Naval may take a year, while a tongue only needs 4 weeks

Question 47

Promoting Personal Care - Body Piercing: Risks of tattooing include what?

Answer 47

Hep B/C, HIV, Skin Infection, Scarring, Bleeding

Question 48

When giving parents guidance for the adolescent years, the nurse would advise the parents to: (Choose all that apply.) Accept the adolescent as a unique individual Provide strict, inflexible rules Listen and try to be open to the adolescent’s views Screen all of his or her friends Respect the adolescent’s privacy Provide unconditional love

Answer 48

A,C,E,F

Question 49

In developing a weight-loss plan for an adolescent, which would the nurse include? (Choose all that apply.) Have parents make all of the meal plans. Eat slowly and place the fork down between each bite. Have the family exercise together. Refer to an adolescent weight-loss program. Keep a food and exercise diary.

Answer 49

B,C,D,E

Question 50

Which is associated with early adolescence? (Choose all that apply.) Uses scientific reasoning to solve problems Still at times wants to be dependent upon parents Incorporates own set of morals and values Is influenced by peers and values memberships in cliques

Answer 50

B,D

Question 51

What has the most influence in deterring an adolescent from beginning to drink alcohol? Drinking habits of parents Drinking habits of peers Drinking philosophy of adolescent’s culture Drinking philosophy of adolescent’s religion

Answer 51

Drinking habits of peers