Exam 3 (Chs. 9-12) Flashcards by John Dorian

The connective tissue capsule surrounding the salivary gland is continuous with the connective tissue septa that run between the epithelial components, creating:

a. nodes and nodules.
b. ducts and acinus.
c. lobes and lobules.
d. channels and ducts.

c.lobes and lobules.

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The basal layer of oral mucosa in the oral cavity generally has:

a. columnar-shaped cells.
b. two cell layers.
c. cells undergoing mitosis.
d. keratin being produced.

c.cells undergoing mitosis.

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Which of the following is a projection of the basal or secretory end of each ameloblast that faces the dentinoenamel junction?

a. Enamel spindle
b. Tomes process
c. Tomes granular layer
d. Hunter-Schreger bands

b.Tomes process

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Which is the most superficial layer of the lamina propria of oral mucosa?

a. Dense layer
b. Capillary plexus
c. Submucosa
d. Papillary layer

d.Papillary layer

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The reduction in the amount of glandular secretion noted in patients with xerostomia is called:

a. dysplasia.
b. hyposalivation.
c. cystic transformation.
d. ossification.

b.hyposalivation.

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Which of the following cell types are not renewable during the lifetime of the tooth?

a. Ameloblasts
b. Odontoblasts
c. Odontoclasts
d. Cementoblasts

a.Ameloblasts

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Which of the following salivary ducts have narrow cytoplasmic partitions separated by highly infolded and interdigitated cell membranes?

a. Intercalated
b. Striated
c. Excretory
d. Both the intercalated and striated ducts

b.Striated

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Which of the following is considered part of the dentogingival junctional tissue within a healthy oral cavity?

a. Periodontal epithelium
b. Junctional epithelium
c. Sulcular epithelium
d. Both junctional and sulcular epithelia

d.Both junctional and sulcular epithelia

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Which of the following statements concerning salivary glands is false?

a. Saliva supplies the minerals for subgingival calculus formation.
b. Mucoserous acini have both a group of mucous cells surrounding the lumen and a serous demilune.
c. Saliva supplies the minerals for supragingival calculus formation.
d. More than one myoepithelial cell can be found on a single acinus.

a.Saliva supplies the minerals for subgingival calculus formation.

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What is the most common cell in the lamina propria of oral mucosa?

a. Mast cell
b. Fibroblast
c. Macrophages
d. Lymphocytes

b.Fibroblast

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Which of the following occurs with the true apical migration of the epithelial attachment from advanced periodontal disease?

a. Shallower gingival sulcus
b. Formation of a periodontal pocket
c. Association with junctional epithelium lining
d. Tightly covered tooth roots

b.Formation of a periodontal pocket

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The foramen cecum of the tongue is a:

a. groove pointing toward the pharynx.
b. median line demarcating the fusion of the tongue.
c. depression at the apex of the sulcus terminalis.
d. collection of diffuse tonsillar tissue.

c.depression at the apex of the sulcus terminalis.

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Enamel matrix is a(n) _____ product, because ameloblasts are derived from the inner enamel epithelium of the enamel organ.

a. ectodermal
b. endodermal
c. mesodermal
d. neural crest cell

a.ectodermal

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Which of the following ducts are associated with the terminal part of the salivary gland?

a. Intercalated
b. Striated
c. Excretory
d. Both the intercalated and striated ducts

a.Intercalated

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Which lingual papillae are found in lesser numbers on the body of the dorsal surface of the tongue?

a. Circumvallate
b. Foliate
c. Fungiform
d. Filiform

c.Fungiform

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The attached gingiva of the oral cavity consists of which type of oral mucosa?

a. Alveolar mucosa
b. Masticatory mucosa
c. Specialized mucosa
d. Lining mucosa

b.Masticatory mucosa

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Which of the following ducts are located in the septum of the salivary gland?

a. Intercalated
b. Striated
c. Excretory
d. Both the intercalated and striated ducts

c.Excretory

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Which of the following layers make up the bulk of nonkeratinized epithelium in the oral cavity?

a. Basal layer
b. Intermediate layer
c. Superficial layer
d. Prickle layer

b.Intermediate layer

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The palatine tonsils are two rounded masses of variable size located between the:

a. lymph nodes.
b. parathyroid glands.
c. faucial pillars.
d. base and body of the tongue.

c.faucial pillars.

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Which of the following ducts are connected to the intercalated ducts in the lobules of the salivary gland?

a. Intercalated
b. Striated
c. Excretory
d. Both the intercalated and striated ducts

b.Striated

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How does mature enamel appear on a radiograph as compared to dentin or pulp of the erupted tooth?

a. Radiolucent
b. Radiopaque
c. Both dense and radiolucent
d. Both dense and radiopaque

Both dense and radiopaque

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Which of the following is not part of the definitive junctional epithelium on the erupted tooth?

a. Ameloblasts
b. Outer enamel epithelium
c. Stratum intermedium
d. Stellate reticulum

a.Ameloblasts

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The marginal gingiva has an overlying surface layer of what type of stratified squamous epithelium?

a. Orthokeratinized
b. Nonkeratinized
c. Parakeratinized
d. Both nonkeratinized and parakeratinized

a.Orthokeratinized

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What type of mucosa lines the paranasal sinuses?

a. Squamous
b. Pseudostratified
c. Submucosa
d. Nonciliated

b.Pseudostratified

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Which of the following statements concerning gingival crevicular fluid within a healthy gingival sulcus is *correct*? a. Flow rate is fast b. Contains white blood cells c. Contains watery salivary components d. Contains secretory IgA

b.Contains white blood cells

Enamel can be lost by _____ , which is caused by increasing the tensile and compressive forces during tooth flexure, which possibly occurs during parafunctional habits with their occlusal loading. a. abrasion b. erosion c. abfraction d. attrition

c.abfraction

Both the attached gingiva and buccal mucosa are *mainly* pinkish in color and *not* reddish due to the: a. vascularity of the lamina propria. b. closeness to bone tissue. c. decreased number of melanocytes. d. increased thickness of the epithelial layers.

d.increased thickness of the epithelial layers.

Where is the tonsillar tissue located in the oral cavity? a. Epithelium b. Lamina propria c. Basement membrane d. Submucosa

b.Lamina propria

Which of the following is a *not* a prominent histologic characteristic of pocket epithelium? a. Ulceration b. Gingival hyperplasia c. Smooth interface d. Wrinkled papillary relief

c.Smooth interface

Which of the following is *not* a surface that the junctional epithelium can ever connect to by way of the epithelial attachment? a. Enamel b. Cementum c. Dentin d. Alveolar process

d.Alveolar process

Which of the following salivary glands is unencapsulated? a. Submandibular gland b. Parotid gland c. Sublingual gland d. Both parotid and sublingual glands

c.Sublingual gland

Which of the following lingual papillae are involved in the lesion of black hairy tongue? a. Circumvallate b. Foliate c. Fungiform d. Filiform

d.Filiform

In the oral cavity, masticatory mucosa *always* contains a(n): a. keratin layer without nuclei. b. distinct granular layer. c. prickle layer. d. underlying submucosa.

c.prickle layer.

Which of the following salivary glands are associated with the circumvallate lingual papillae and secrete *only* serous saliva? a. von Ebner b. Sublingual c. Submandibular d. Bartholin

a.von Ebner

Which of the following can *never* be palpated during an extraoral examination of a patient? a. Thyroid gland b. Lymph nodes c. Parathyroid glands d. Parotid gland

c.Parathyroid glands

Which of the following is an enamel loss that results from friction caused by excessive toothbrushing and abrasive toothpaste? a. Abrasion b. Erosion c. Abfraction d. Attrition

a.Abrasion

Which of the following secretes a basal lamina on the surface that serves as a part of the primary epithelial attachment before the eruption of the tooth and after enamel maturation? a. Odontoclasts b. Ameloblasts c. Cementoblasts d. Epithelial rests of Malassez

b.Ameloblasts

Where is the lingual tonsil located in the oral cavity? a. Dorsal tongue surface b. Lateral tongue surface c. Walls of the nasopharynx d. Between the faucial pillars

a.Dorsal tongue surface

From what structure does the lymph flow into the lymph node? a. Afferent vessel b. Hilus c. Efferent vessel d. Lymphatic nodule

a.Afferent vessel

Which of the following regions in the oral cavity has the *lowest* turnover times? a. Hard palate b. Floor of the mouth c. Buccal and labial mucosa d. Attached gingiva

a.Hard palate

In a lymph node, the B-cell lymphocytes mature within the: a. hilus. b. capsule. c. lymph vessel. d. germinal center.

d.germinal center.

Enamel \_\_\_\_\_form the crystalline structural unit of enamel. a. tubules b. cuticles c. granules d. rods

d.rods

The epithelial attachment refers to the internal basal lamina and the: a. apical layer of junctional epithelium. b. interface of junctional epithelium with the tooth. c. hemidesmosomes of the suprabasal cells. d. desmosomes of the prickle cell layer.

c.hemidesmosomes of the suprabasal cells.

What occurs when damaging agents enter the junctional epithelium and the gingival tissue undergoes the initial signs of active disease? a. Gingival hyperplasia b. Gingival recession c. Gingivitis d. Periodontitis

c.Gingivitis

Healthy attached gingiva is pink in color, and some areas have: a. hyperkeratinization. b. melanin pigmentation. c. loss of stippling. d. varying amounts of mobility.

b.melanin pigmentation.

Lymph from a particular tissue region drains directly into the: a. primary nodes. b. secondary nodes. c. central nodes. d. lymphatic nodules.

a.primary nodes.

What stops the gently used periodontal probe when reading the depth of a healthy gingival sulcus? a. Col b. Sulcular epithelium c. Epithelial attachment d. Attached gingiva

c.Epithelial attachment

Which of the following features can be noted with marginal gingiva? a. Varying amounts of stippling b. Tightly bound to alveolar process c. Opaque in comparison to attached gingiva d. Considered masticatory mucosa

d.Considered masticatory mucosa

Which of the following permanent teeth usually show the *most* attrition of enamel over time? a. First molars b. Second molars c. Third molars d. All equally show attrition

a.First molars

What does the slight depression of the free gingival groove on the outer surface of the gingiva correspond to? a. Amount of gingival crevicular fluid b. Depth of the inner gingival sulcus c. Width of the outer attached gingiva d. Apical border of the inner junctional epithelium

d.Apical border of the inner junctional epithelium

What type of tissue makes up the bulk of the lamina propria of the oral mucosa? a. Connective tissue b. Muscle tissue c. Nerve tissue d. Epithelium

a.Connective tissue

Which of the following areas of the oral cavity is categorized as a lining mucosa? a. Attached gingiva b. Hard palate c. Dorsal tongue surface d. Soft palate

c.Dorsal tongue surface

Which of the following layers of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium produces the basal lamina of the basement membrane within the oral mucosa? a. Basal layer b. Intermediate layer c. Superficial layer d. Prickle layer

a.Basal layer

Which of the following occurs with the deposition of minerals into mature enamel? a. Demineralization b. Erosion c. Remineralization d. Abfraction

c.Remineralization

Which of the following occurs in mature enamel due to wearing away of hard tissue as a result of tooth-to-tooth contact, especially with increased age? a. Abrasion b. Erosion c. Abfraction d. Attrition

d.Attrition

Where are the taste buds located within the circumvallate lingual papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue? a. None are present within the epithelium. b. Hundreds are surrounding the entire base. c. The are on the lateral parts of structure. d. A variable number can be found in the most superficial part.

b.Hundreds are surrounding the entire base.

Which of the following represent short dentinal tubules located near the dentinoenamel junction within mature enamel? a. Enamel tufts b. Enamel lamellae c. Enamel spindles d. Enamel rods

c.Enamel spindles

Which of the following changes can occur in the oral mucosa as it ages? a. Increase in rete ridges in epithelium b. Increase in lingual papillae on the dorsal tongue surface c. Decrease in taste buds with the lingual papillae d. Decrease in lingual veins on the ventral surface of the tongue

c.Decrease in taste buds with the lingual papillae

When viewing the oral mucosa of the floor of the mouth through a microscope, which of the following can be noted? a. Thick epithelial layers b. Narrow connective tissue papillae c. Extensive vascular supply d. Keratinized epithelium

c.Extensive vascular supply

The crystals in the enamel rod groups bend sinusoidally to the right or left at a slightly different angle than do adjacent groups, which is shown in the: a. Tomes granular layer. b. Hunter-Schreger bands. c. lines of Retzius. d. imbrication lines of von Ebner.

b.Hunter-Schreger bands.

The interdental gingiva assumes a nonvisible concave form between the facial and lingual gingival surfaces called the: a. col. b. papilla. c. free gingival crest. d. gingival apex of the contour.

a.col.

Enamel matrix is produced by the _____ cells. a. ameloblasts b. odontoblasts c. odontoclasts d. cementoblasts

a.ameloblasts

In a young adult, the buccal mucosa may contain Fordyce spots, which refer to: a. salivary gland tissue trapped in the lamina propria. b. deposits of sebum from misplaced sebaceous gland tissue. c. hyperkeratinized areas from localized tissue trauma. d. remnants of tonsillar tissue misplaced in the epithelium.

b.deposits of sebum from misplaced sebaceous gland tissue.

Which of the following marks the periodontopathogens for destruction by white blood cells? a. Basal striations b. Cross-reactive protein c. Myoepithelial cell d. Thyroxine

b.Cross-reactive protein

Melanin pigment for the oral cavity is synthesized in which of the following cells? a. Melanocytes b. Melanosomes c. Keratinocytes d. Nonkeratinocytes

b.Melanosomes

Which of the following is *not* a usual way for erosion of enamel to occur? a. Bulimia b. Gastric reflux c. Drinking carbonated drinks d. Acid production by cariogenic bacteria

d.Acid production by cariogenic bacteria

From what structure does the lymph flow out of the lymph node? a. Afferent vessel b. Hilus c. Efferent vessel d. Lymphatic nodule

c.Efferent vessel

Given the turnover time of junctional epithelium, the evaluation of periodontal therapy should occur after _____ days. a. 2 b. 3 c. 5 d. 7

d.7

Which of the following will extend through the gingival epithelial cell membrane, recognizing the presence of the bacterial endotoxins so as to mobilize the inflammatory response? a. Tonofilaments b. Toll-like receptors c. Lysosomes d. Chromatin

b.Toll-like receptors

After the ameloblasts are finished with both enamel appositional growth and maturation, they become part of the: a. odontoclast population. b. Hertwig epithelial root sheath. c. reduced enamel epithelium. d. cervical loop.

c.reduced enamel epithelium.

In what part of the erupted tooth is mature enamel noted? a. Anatomical crown b. Anatomical root c. Both anatomical crown and clinical crown d. Both anatomical root and clinical root

c.Both anatomical crown and clinical crown

When the pharyngeal tonsils become enlarged as is common in children, they are considered the: a. lymphatic nodules. b. follicles. c. germinal centers. d. adenoids.

d.adenoids.

Which of the following has the *highest* rate of turnover? a. Oral epithelium b. Sulcular epithelium c. Junctional epithelium d. All have an equally high rate

c.Junctional epithelium

The mucogingival junction is absent from which of the following oral surfaces? a. Buccal surface of the maxillary arch b. Palatal surface of the maxillary arch c. Facial surface of the mandibular arch d. Lingual surface of the mandibular arch

b.Palatal surface of the maxillary arch

Which of the following gingival tissue lines the floor of the gingival sulcus in a healthy situation? a. Sulcular epithelium b. Junctional epithelium c. Attached gingiva d. Marginal gingiva

b.Junctional epithelium

Which of the following is a pronounced incremental line in enamel? a. Neonatal line b. Tomes granular layer c. Imbrication line of von Ebner d. Enamel lamella

a.Neonatal line

Which of the following are noted as small, dark brushes with their bases near the dentinoenamel junction within mature enamel? a. Enamel tufts b. Enamel lamellae c. Enamel spindles d. Enamel rods

a.Enamel tufts

Which of the following is considered *correct* regarding hyperkeratinization of the oral mucosa? a. It commonly occurs on buccal mucosa with the linea alba. b. It is associated with chronic freezing of the tissue. c. It is a response to frictional but not chemical trauma. d. Changes are reversible even if the source of the injury is not removed.

a.It commonly occurs on buccal mucosa with the linea alba.

Which of the following is *not* a paranasal sinus? a. Frontal b. Sphenoidal c. Ethmoidal d. Mandibular

d.Mandibular

When the deeper tissue of the periodontium is affected by periodontal disease, what is this condition now considered to be? a. Gingival hyperplasia b. Gingival recession c. Gingivitis d. Periodontitis

d.Periodontitis

Cell renewal of the junctional epithelium takes place in the: a. internal basal lamina. b. external basal lamina. c. lamina propria. d. basal layer of the tissue

d.basal layer of the tissue

Which of the following are partially mineralized vertical sheets of enamel matrix that extend from the dentinoenamel junction near the tooth’s cervix to the outer occlusal surface? a. Enamel tufts b. Enamel lamellae c. Enamel spindles d. Enamel rods

b.Enamel lamellae

In what direction is the migratory route of the cells as turnover takes place in the junctional epithelium? a. Coronal direction b. Apical direction c. Parallel to the apical crest of bone d. Perpendicular to the tooth surface

a.Coronal direction

Which of the following paranasal sinuses may be compromised with a periapical infection in a permanent maxillary molar? a. Maxillary sinus b. Frontal sinus c. Sphenoidal sinus d. Ethmoidal sinuses

a.Maxillary sinus

Which of the following can occur to mature enamel with a case of bulimia? a. Abrasion b. Erosion c. Abfraction d. Attrition

b.Erosion

The sulcular epithelium that creates the gingival sulcus is of _____ type(s) of epithelium, with its cells tightly packed. a. an orthokeratinized b. a nonkeratinized c. a parakeratinized d. both nonkeratinized or parakeratinized

b.a nonkeratinized

Enamel rods interdigitate at each cusp tip to form a complex known as: a. interrod enamel. b. gnarled enamel. c. perikymata. d. imbrication lines.

b.gnarled enamel.

Of the various epithelia that make up the gingiva, which one does *not* normally keratinize? a. Sulcular epithelium b. Junctional epithelium c. Both sulcular and junctional epithelia d. Neither sulcular or junctional epithelia

c.Both sulcular and junctional epithelia

In salivary glands, which of the following structures is composed of secretory epithelial cells? a. Acinus b. Capsule c. Lobule d. Excretory duct

a.Acinus

The *most* permeable section of the gingiva is considered which of the following? a. Sulcular epithelium b. Junctional epithelium c. Both sulcular and junctional epithelia d. Neither sulcular nor junctional epithelia

b.Junctional epithelium

Which of the following lingual papillae are involved in the normal variation of geographic tongue? a. Circumvallate b. Foliate c. Fungiform d. Filiform

d.Filiform

Which of the following is *not* associated with the incremental nature of enamel? a. Tomes granular layer b. Lines of Retzius c. Perikymata d. Imbrication lines

a.Tomes granular layer

What is the depression on the side of a lymph node termed? a. Afferent vessel b. Hilus c. Efferent vessel d. Lymphatic nodule

b.Hilus

Which of the following statements concerning granulation tissue formation during the repair process in the oral mucosa is *correct*? a. Has more fibers in the lamina propria b. Has a decreased number of blood vessels c. Appears as a hard, dark red dried scab d. Is later replaced by firmer and paler scar tissue

d.Is later replaced by firmer and paler scar tissue

Which of the following statements concerning pigmentation in the oral cavity is *correct*? a. Melanin is formed by epithelial basal cells. b. Pigmentation is most noticeable in the alveolar mucosa. c. The number of melanocytes differs according to clinical appearances. d. Clinical levels of pigmentation are controlled by genetic programming.

d.Clinical levels of pigmentation are controlled by genetic programming.

Which of the following can occur with an excessive amount of systemic fluoride during tooth development? a. Enamel caries b. Enamel dysplasia c. Enamel erosion d. Enamel abfraction

b.Enamel dysplasia

Keratohyalin granules are located in which of the following epithelial layers in the oral cavity? a. Stratum spinosum b. Stratum granulosum c. Stratum corneum d. Stratum basale

b.Stratum granulosum

What is *one* difference in the repair process of the oral mucosa as compared to that of the skin? a. Dry scab is present. b. Clot stays moist over time. c. Inflammatory response is triggered. d. Fibroblasts migrate to produce immature connective tissue.

b.Clot stays moist over time.

The ______ refer(s) to incremental lines that stain brown in preparations of mature enamel. a. Tomes granular layer b. Hunter-Schreger bands c. lines of Retzius d. imbrication lines of von Ebner

c.lines of Retzius

What is the approximate amount of inorganic material in mature enamel? a. 50% b. 65% c. 70% d. 96%

d.96%

Loss through chemical means (via acid) from cariogenic bacteria by way of dental biofilm A. Caries B. Enamel Dysplasia C. Perikymata D. Calcium Hydroxyapatite

A. Caries

crystalline formation of mature enamel consists mainly of A. Caries B. Enamel Dysplasia C. Perikymata D. Calcium Hydroxyapatite

D. Calcium Hydroxyapatite

grooves evident on teeth associated with the lines of Retzius in enamel A. Caries B. Enamel Dysplasia C. Perikymata D. Calcium Hydroxyapatite

C. Perikymata

faulty development of enamel A. Caries B. Enamel Dysplasia C. Perikymata D. Calcium Hydroxyapatite

B. Enamel Dysplasia

Exam 3 (Chs. 9-12) Flashcards

(104 cards)