Exam 3-Cognition

Question 1

Stages of

LOC

Answer 1

Higher order - Basic order - cognitive impairment (mild-mod-severe)

Question 2

Oriented x 3

Answer 2

to place, time, person

Question 3

Definition

Amnesia

Answer 3

short term memory deficit

Question 4

Definition

Anomia

Answer 4

forgetting names of persons or things

Question 5

Definition

Agnosia

Answer 5

forgetting purpose of familiar objects

Question 6

Definition

Apraxia

Answer 6

forget how to perform activities

Question 7

Definition

Aphasia

Answer 7

mute

Question 8

Definition

Sundowning

Answer 8

sx’s of acute confusion, disorientation, hallucinations, mood swings. All in late day to night

Question 9

Characteristcs of Delirium

Answer 9

• hallucinations
• delusions
• psychotic behaviors

Question 10

Causes of Delirium

Answer 10

• post op (especially ortho)
• ICU
• intoxication
• substance abuse
• electrolyte disturbances
• dementia
• infection
• medications

Question 11

CAM Tool

Used for what?

Answer 11

Diagnosis Delirium

Question 12

CAM Tool

Need what parts of it?

Answer 12

A and B, and either C or D

Question 13

CAM Tool

What is part A?

Answer 13

acute onset and fluctuating course

Question 14

CAM Tool

What is part B?

Answer 14

Inattention

Question 15

CAM Tool

What is part C?

Answer 15

Disorganized thinking

Question 16

CAM Tool

What is part D?

Answer 16

altered level of conciousness

Question 17

Delirium vs Dementia

Onset

Answer 17

Delirium: sudden
Dementia: gradual

Question 18

Delirium vs Dementia

Course

Answer 18

Delirium: fluctuating
Dementia: progressive

Question 19

Delirium vs Dementia

Duration

Answer 19

Delirium: days
Dementia: months to years

Question 20

Delirium vs Dementia

LOC

Answer 20

Delirium: altered LOC
Dementia: alert

Question 21

Delirium vs Dementia

Attention

Answer 21

Delirium: impaired
Dementia: normal in early stages, diminished in late

Question 22

Delirium vs Dementia

Psychomotor Effects

Answer 22

Delirium: increased or decreased
Dementia: normal except in severe stages (agitated)

Question 23

Tx for Delirium

3

Answer 23

• antipsychotics
• attention to nutrition/hydration
• reality orientation

Question 24

Tx for Dementia

Answer 24

• antiacytlcholinesterase
• antipsychotics
• attention to nutrition/hydration
• validation therapy, music, art

Question 25

Name the 3 therapies

Answer 25

* reality orientation * validation * reminiscence

Question 26

# Restraints Requirements | 8

Answer 26

* assessment of environment, patient, situation * alternatives tried * benefit outweighs risk * ordered by physician * monitored and reassessed * skin integrity assessed * ROM exercises performed * document where, why, how long restraints were used

Question 27

# Restraints Acronym

Answer 27

* Respond to present not past * Evaluate potential for injury * Speak w family * Try alternatives first * Reassess to determine success * Alert physician and family of need * Individualize restraint use * Note important info in chart * Time limit use

Question 28

# Restraints Alternatives

Answer 28

* determine behavior pattern * assess for pain * rule out physical causes of agitation * involve family * reduce stimulation * check environment for hazards * use therapeutic touch