Exam #3 High Yeild Flashcards
(134 cards)
1
Q
NET filtration components
A
glomerular capillary pressure
plasma colloid osmotic pressure (osmotic)
bowmans capsule hydrostatic pressure
2
Q
Filtration Coefficient components
A
capillary SA membrane permeability (thickness)
3
Q
GFR equation
A
NET filtration x Kf
4
Q
Filtration load equation =
A
GFR x plasma conc
5
Q
filtration fraction equation =
A
GFR/RPF
-RPF = PAH clearance
6
Q
progesterone effect on Na+ absorption
A
dec
7
Q
insulin effect on Na+ absorption
A
inc
8
Q
PCT components
A
NHE3
SGLT
-MOST Na+ absorption
9
Q
TAL components
A
NKCC
ROMK
10
Q
DCT components
A
NCC
TPRV5 (Ca2+)
TPRM6 (Mg2+)
Na+/Ca2+ on blood side
11
Q
Collecting duct
A
ENaC
ROMK
12
Q
lowest pH
A
end of PCT
13
Q
highest osmolarity in lumen
lowest osmolarity in lumen
A
highest: end of descending loop
lowest: end of ascending loop
14
Q
PAO2 =
A
147 - (PaCO2/.8)
15
Q
Dead space =
A
(VT (PaCO2 - PECO2)) / PaCO2
16
Q
most resistant to airflow
A
semental/medium bronchi
17
Q
Left shift
A
HbF
CO
18
Q
Right shift
A
inc CO2
inc H+
inc 2,3 BPG
inc temp
19
Q
CO2 binds where in Hb
A
terminal amine
20
Q
2,3 BPG binds where in Hb
A
B globin
21
Q
HCO3 moves to plasma via
A
Cl- aniport
22
Q
Actinomyces infection follows
A
mucosal disruption
-aggregatibacter of found w
23
Q
Nocardia, actino AFB
A
nocardia: +
actino: -
24
Q
oral/GI ulcer in AIDs patients
A
AIDs
25
buckshot calcifications
Histo
26
blasto like to go to
bone and skin
27
thin walled cavities
coccidoides
28
SE asian AIDs
penicilliosis/talarmycosis
29
mulberry lesions
paracocidiodes
30
halo sign on CT
asp
31
crushed ping pong balls
pneumocystis
32
hemopytosis w eggs in sputum
paragonimiasis
33
spiral worm
strongyloides
34
dental carries
strep mutans
35
move to CNS
nocardia
coccidoides
cryptococcus
36
1,3 B-D glucans doesn't identify
mucor
blasto
crypto
37
mycobacteria stain
Ziehl-Neelsen and kinyoun
38
nocardia stain
Ziehl-Neelsen and kinyoun
39
histo stain
wright
40
crypto stain
mucicarmine
41
pneumocystis stain
geneori-methamine
42
low comp
membranoproliferative
| PSGN
43
common cold
rhinovirus
| influenza
44
pharyngitis viruses
adenovirues
rhinovirus
coxsacki A & B (hand, foot, and mouth)
45
Pharyngitis bacteria
| -how to tell difference
GAS (trunk -> extremities)
| acanobacterium (extremities -> trunk)
46
spots on retina
| dendritic pattern on eye
adenovirus
| HSV
47
Parotitis
mumps
| staph a
48
epiglottitis
strep pneumonia
| haemophilus
49
malignant otitis externa, diabetic, swollen pinna
pseudomonas
50
croup bug
parainfluenza
51
cobble stain Xray
esophagitis
52
steeple on Xray
croup
53
Sinusitis/otits
strep p
haemophilus
moraxella
54
esophagitis
candida
HSV - multinucleated
CMV - owl eyes
55
COPD pneumonias
haemophilus
moraxella
legionella
56
cystic fibrosis pneumonia
staph a
pseudomonas
burkholderia
57
post influenza pneumonia
strep p
| staph a
58
viral atypical pneumonia children
RSV
| parainfluenza
59
viral atypical pneumonia adult
influenza
60
viral atypical pneumonia COPD and asthma
metpneumoniavirus
61
bronchiectasis colonizers
haemophilus
| pseudomonas
62
oral contraceptives inc risk for
PE
63
```
pulmonary HTN groups
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
```
1. palm arterial HTN
2. LHF
3. pulmonary disease
4. PE
5. idiopathic
64
gram w/ poly
Wegner's
65
asthmatic/bronchitis pneumonia
chlamydophila
66
hyponatremia pneumonia
legionella
67
Atypical mycobacteria
m. avium
| m. kansii - similar to Tb
68
lady windemere
m. avium
69
```
pneumonia treatment
healthy
chronic disease
inpatient non icu
inpatient icu
```
healthy: macrolide
chronic disease: quinolone
inpatient non icu: quinolone, ceftriaxone/macrolide or doxy
inpatient icu: ceftriaxone + quinolone
70
legionella agar
buffered charcoal yeast extract
71
petrussis agar
Bordet-gengou or Regan-lowe charcoal blood
72
mycobacteria agar
lowestein-jensen
73
tumor associated
membranous nephropathy
74
PLAR autoantibody
membranous nephropathy
75
lithium DI
nephrogenic DI
76
some inc Una on water test
nephrogenic DI
77
no inc Una on water test
central DI
78
most common/severe SLE nephritis
diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis
79
inc mesangium histo
diffuse diabetic glomerulosclerosis
80
kennel wilson nodules and Armoni-Ebstein on histo
nodular diabetic glomerulosclerosis
81
fibroelastic intimal thickening and glomerular shrinking
benign nephrosclerosis
82
onion skin
malignant nephrosclerosis
83
BM destruction
ischemic ATN
84
BM intact
toxic ATN
85
Thyroidization of kidney
chronic tubulointerstial GN
86
Xanthogranulomatous cells
chronic tubulointerstial GN
87
phenacetin
papillae necrosis
88
phenacetin malignancy
urothelial carcinoma
89
balloning
ethylene glycol
90
COL4A
alport
91
hearing, seeing, kidney problems
alport
92
tuff adhesion to BC and scarring
FSGS
93
boy period
shistosoma
94
clue cells
Gardnerella vaginalis
95
psammoma body
papillary RCC
96
>3 cm metastatic
renal papillary adenoma
97
renal spontaneous hemorrhage during pregnancy
agniomyolipoma
98
Von hippel Lindau
RCC (inc VEGF)
99
Birt hogg dube syndrome
RCC
100
perinuclear halos
chromophobe RCC
101
WAGR
retardation
102
Deny Drash
no pee pee
103
beckwith
everything big
104
TTF-1 and Napsin
adenocarcinoma
105
carcinoid syndrome
flushing
diarrhea
cyanosis
106
TSC2
lymphagioleiomyomatosis
107
CDKN2A
INK4A
deletions
mesothelioma
108
small cell stain
chromogramin A
neuro specific enoloase
synaptophysin
109
dangerous particle size
1-5 um
110
worst asbestos
amphibole
111
GM-CSF defect leading to surfactant in the intra-alveolar and bronchiolar space
pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
112
asteroid and schaumman bodies
sarcoidosis
113
Kartagener syndrome symp
bronchiectasis
chronic rhino sinusitis
situs inversus w/ dextracardia
infertility
114
aspirin asthma symp
nasal polyps
recurrent rhinitis
urticaria
115
SABA and LABA side effect
tremors, tachycardia
- inc glucose
- dec K+
- dec Mg2+
116
Fluticasone
ICS activity with increase vasoconstriction leading to dec inflam
117
wilms tumor cell
mesenchyme
118
sepsis
infection
- >22 bpm
- <100 systolic BP
- altered mental status
119
septic shock
- no response to vasopressors
| - lactic acid >2
120
hyponatremia symptoms
cerebral edema
- headache
- confusion
- seizure
121
hypernatremia symptoms
frequent urination
| inc drinking
122
SIADH can be caused by
small cell carcinoma
| meds (SSRIs, carbamazepine)
123
mineralcorticoid symptoms
inc K+
dec Na+
low BP
124
central DI causes
meningitis
tumor
sarcoidosis
cerebral aneurysm
125
Nephrogenic DI causes
lithium
renal failure
inherited
polycystic kidney
126
onset of symptoms w/ neprophathy
IgA nephropathy
127
cytarabine treats
AML
128
crohns disease
6MP - thiaguainine
129
causes hand and foot
capecitabine
130
urine antigen
legionella
| histo
131
Vichows triangle
Stasis
Endothelial injury
Hyper coagulation state
132
TB test false positive
M. bovis
133
C. diphtheriae stain
albert's stain
134
Puffy cells
Oncocytoma
