Exam #4 Pharmacology Flashcards by Caleb Bauman

Breast cancer estrogen SERMs and Estrogen antagonist

SERMs: Tamoxifen, Toremifene

Estrogen Antagonist: Fulvestran, Clomiphene

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Steroidal (irreversible) Aromatase Inhibitors

Indication

Exemestane
Formestane
Indication: 2nd line postmenopausal breast cancer

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Non-steroidal (reversible) Aromatase Inhibitors

Indication

Anastrozole
Letrozole
Indication: 2nd line postmenopausal breast cancer

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Estrogen/Progestin contraceptive adverse effects

Thrombosis
MI
Hirsutism
Vaginal infection
Break through bleeding

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Mifepristone MOA and indication

MOA: progesterone antagonist
Indication: early pregnancy termination

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Ulipristal MOA and indication

MOA: progesterone antagonist
Indication: early pregnancy termination

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Progestins MOA when used for contraception

dec GnRH pulse frequency

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17-alpha Alkylated Androgens names, indication, and adverse effects

Methyltestosterone
Fluoxymesterone
Indication: Test def.
Adverse Effects: hepatitis, prostate cancer

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Ester testosterone name and why good

Testosterona enanthate

longer half life and no hepatic effects

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Danazol is used to treat and MOA

modified testosterone used to treat endometriosis

MOA: partial agonist of androgen receptor

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Flutamide
MOA
Indication
Adverse Effects

MOA: testosterone receptor antagonist
Indication: hirsutism, prostate cancer
Adverse Effects: hepatotoxic

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Rapid
Short
Intermediate
Long

Rapid: lispro
Short: regular insulin
Intermediate: NPH
Long: glargine, detemir

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insulin side effects

hypoglycemia
hypokalemia
weight gain

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metformin adverse effect

diarrhea
nausea
lactic acidosis (gluconeogensis is inhibited sending pyruvate to lactic acid)

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Glybu(ride)
MOA
Indication
Adverse Effects

MOA: sulfaurea
Indication: type II diabetes
Adverse Effects: weight gain, hypoglycemia

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Repa(glinide)
MOA
Indication
Adverse Effects

MOA: block K+ efflux channel
Indication: type II diabetes
Adverse Effects: weight gain, hypoglycemia
**non sulfa

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Exena(tide)
MOA
Indication
Adverse Effects

MOA: GLP-1 analog (inc insulin, dec glucagon, inc satiety)
Indication: type II diabetes
Adverse Effects: pancreatic tumor, diarrhea

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Sita(gliptin)
MOA
Indication
Adverse Effects

MOA: DPP-4 inhibitor inc GLP-1 (inc insulin, dec glucagon, inc satiety)
Indication: type II diabetse
Adverse Effects: pancreatitis

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pancreatitis

Exena(tide)
Sita(gliptin)
Didanosine
Stavudine

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Pio(glitazone)
MOA
Indication
Adverse Effects

MOA: activation of PPARy (inc TAG storage -> inc glucose utilization)
Indication: type II diabetes
Adverse Effects: heart failure, osteoporosis, weight gain

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Acabose
MOA
Indication
Adverse Effects

MOA: a-amylase and a-glucosidase inhibitors decreasing glucose absorption
Indication: type II diabetes
Adverse Effects: flatulence, diarrhea

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Canagli(flozin)
MOA
Indication
Adverse Effects

MOA: SGLT2 inhibitor
Indication: type II diabetes
Adverse Effects: UTI, mycotic infections, hypotension, renal impairment

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Dinoprostone

PGE2

induces labor

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Latanoprost

PGF2alpha

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Misoprostol Indication Black Box

PGE1 Indication: cervical ripening, early pregnancy termination Black Box: birth defect, abortion, premature birth

Ritodrine | Terbutaline

B2 selective agonist leading to uterine relaxation | - Gs

Atosiban MOA Indication

MOA: oxytocin receptor antagonist leading to suppression of uterine contraction Indication: postpone labor

Denosumab

MOA: binds RANKL deceasing osteoclast Indication: osteoporosis

Teriparatide | Abaloparatide

recombinant PTH

Bisphosphonate name

'dronate

'dronate MOA Indication Contraindication

MOA: dec osteoclast activity Indication: osteoporosis Contraindication: renal failure

Hydrochlorothiazide MOA Indication Contraindication

MOA: Block NCC channel inc Ca2+/Na+ channel exchanger at convoluted tubule leading to inc Ca2+ absorption Indication: hypocalcemia, hypercalciuria

Cinacalcet MOA Indication Contraindication

MOA: activate CaSR receptor leading to dec PTH release Indication: secondary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid carcinoma Contraindication

ergocalciferol

vitamin D2 from plant

FGF23

breaks down 25(OH) and 1,25(OH)

cholecalciferol

vitamine D3 from sun

calcitriol

1,25(OH)

Fludrocortisone

mineralocorticoid replacement

Fluocinolon

opthalamic steroid implant used to treat glaucoma and eye infections

most potent anti inflammatory steroids

dexamethasone | betamethasone

Metoprine MOA

MOA: inhibits CYP11B1 dec cortisol level

Ketoconazole inhibits

17alpha hydroxylase | 17,20 desmolase

PTU MOA Indication Adverse effect

MOA: inhibits TPO preventing thyroid hormone synthesis Indication: hyperthyroidism hepatitis

thyroxine pharmacodynamics

take on empty stomach

thyroxine can be used as

suppressant or replacement

Potassium Iodine

compete w radioactive iodide for NIS transporter

Thyroid storm treatment

B blockers PTU Glucocorticoids

Mecasermin MOA Indication Adverse Effect

MOA: IGF-1 analog Indication: 2nd line for GH/IGF-1 def Adverse Effect: hypoglycemia

Somatotropin can treat

Noonan syndrome Prader Willi Syndrome Turner Syndrome

Ocreotide MOA Indication

MOA: somatostatin analog Indication: acromegaly, carcinoid tumor, VIPoma

Pegvisomant MOA Indication

MOA: GH receptor antagonist Indication: acromegaly

Leuprolide MOA Indication

MOA: GnRH analog - Intermittent: inc LH/FSH - Continuous: dec LH/FSH Indication: endometriosis, prostate cancer, precocious puberty

'relin MOA Indication Adverse Effect

MOA: GnRH - Intermittent: inc LH/FSH - Continuous: dec LH/FSH Indication: endometriosis, prostate cancer, precocious puberty

Cosytropin MOA Indication

MOA: ACTH analog Indication: diagnose primary vs. secondary adrenal insufficiency

'relix MOA Indication

MOA: GnRH antagonist Indication: prevent premature follicular luteinization

Zidovudine adverse effect

bone marrow suppression

Thymines

Zidovudine and stavudine

cause peripheral neuropathy

stavudine and didanosine

avoid w patient w CAD

emtrcitabine

NNRTIs names MOA Adverse Effects

MOA: non competitive inhibits reverse transcriptase Efa: dizzy, nightmare Entra: inducer Nevirapine: hepatic impairment

Protease Inhbitor name | Adverse Effects

``` 'navir Adverser effects: -inhibit CYP -inc glucose, TAGs, cholesterol -fat redistribution ```

Indinavir adverse effect

nephrolithiasis

Ritnavir

CYP inhibitor

Enfuvirtide | MOA

MOA: inhibits gp41

Maraviroc MOA Contraindication

MOA: binds CCR5 receptor Contraindication: renal failure

Integrase Inhibitors name | don't give w

Dolutegravir Raltegravir don't give w antiacids

Drugs that will accumulate when given w protease inhibitors

``` statins zolams fentanyl amioderone warfarin ```

CYP inducers

rifampin | St. John's Wart

Exam #4 Pharmacology Flashcards

(68 cards)