Exam 3 in class questions Flashcards
(14 cards)
Parental care is costly to the parents and this cost _______ as parents get older and have fewer opportunities to reproduce.
A) increases
B) stays the same
C) decreases
C) decreases
Which of the following is NOT an example of a DIRECT benefit of delaying reproduction and helping your parents reproduce?
A) inheriting a nest or territory
B) learning how to take care of offspring
C) helping a relative reproduce
C) helping a relative reproduce
When calculating total fitness / inclusive fitness, what is the difference between direct and indirect fitness?
A) direct fitness component comes from your and your relative’s reproduction; the indirect fitness comes from the reproduction of unrelated individuals in the population
B) direct fitness component comes from your own reproduction; the indirect fitness comes from the reproduction of related or unrelated individuals in the population
C) direct fitness component comes from your own reproduction; the indirect fitness comes from the reproduction of your relatives
C) direct fitness component comes from your own reproduction; the indirect fitness comes from the reproduction of your relatives
In the social amoeba Dictyostelium, how can a genotype cheat to increase its fitness when forming a multi-cellular slug?
A) In can be over-represented in the non-reproductive stalk.
B) It can be over-represented in the reproductive spore body
B) it can be over-represented in the reproductive spore body
In multicellular organisms, at each new generation, high relatedness between cells is maintained by a unicellular bottleneck. This is important because:
A) It is the process by which mutations occur which leads to genetic variation that can be used as fuel for natural selection
B) It aligns the genetic interests of the daughter cells by assuring they are genetically identical or more similar
C) it allows the organism to undergo asexual reproduction, avoiding the costs of meiosis and recombination
B) It aligns the genetic interests of the daughter cells by assuring they are genetically identical or more similar
The “Prisoner’s Dilemma” is a classic example of a cost-benefit analysis in the decision to cooperate or not. This example illustrates which of the following:
A) The best strategy is to remember the previous outcome and adjust subsequent behavior accordingly.
B) The best strategy is for an individual to always cooperate regardless of the previous outcome.
C) Over the long-term, it is better for both individuals to always be selfish rather than to cooperate.
D) The best method is to alternate between cooperation and selfishness as continuous cooperation can never be an evolutionary stable strategy.
A) The best strategy is to remember the previous outcome and adjust subsequent behavior accordingly.
Which of the following are benefits of division of labor within a society?
A) Improve society functioning and efficiency
B) Improve performance through specialization
C) Allows for the development of greater complexity
D) All of the above are benefits
D) All of the above are benefits
Which of the following are behavioral characters you need to know for a successful captive breeding program?
A) Mating system
B) Mating preferences
C) Social structure
D) All of the above are necessary
D) All of the above are necessary
How can imprinting help or impede reintroduction efforts?
EXAMPLE:
Imprinting can help in some ways to help reintroduce animals in captive programs by providing companionship, parents, and establish a social background. It could also be detrimental when animals rely too much on humans, and they lose all of their survival instincts.
Provide an example of an introduced or invasive species. What behavior(s) may make it successful?
Non-native or exotic species introduced into a new environment. One species introduced to campus were the squirrels. Behaviors that make it successful is their speed, agility and awareness if they sense any danger around them. Having the ability to escape predators fast is their advantage.
Culture transmission of behavior was once thought to be uniquely human. Give two examples of cultural transmission of behavior in animals.
Songs from birds are often learned from other individuals. The location of migration between species is learned from others - where to find food, migrate, nest.
Which of the following is a potential difficulty associated with the study of evolutionary psychology?
A) Ethical concerns
B) Lack of experimental manipulations
C) Strong influence of culture on behavioral traits
D) Defining the environment of evolutionary adaptedness (EEA)
E) All of the above are difficulties
E) all of the above are difficulties
A population of stickleback is measured for a set of behaviors. It is found that individual stickleback are both highly aggressive and very bold in the presence of predators. The correlation between these behaviors at the population level would be best described as a:
A) Both a behavioral syndrome and a behavioral type
B) Behavioral type
C) Behavioral syndrome
C) behavioral syndrome
