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N3 GERO > Exam 3 - Lecture 3 (Grief, Dying, Spirituality) > Flashcards

Exam 3 - Lecture 3 (Grief, Dying, Spirituality) Flashcards

1
Q

what are the types of grief?

A
  • anticipatory
  • acute
  • shadow
  • disenfranchised
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2
Q

what is anticipatory grief?

A

response to a real or perceived loss before it occurs

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3
Q

what is acute grief?

A

a crisis that includes definite somatic, emotional, and functional symptoms

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4
Q

what is shadow grief?

A

moments of intermittent sadness caused by triggers (anniversary of event)

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5
Q

what is disenfranchised grief?

A

person cannot openly acknowledge or publicly mourn a loss

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6
Q

what do older adults typically lose in their old age?

A
  • spouse
  • friends
  • family
  • financial security
  • independence
  • health
  • mental stability
  • people in their community
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7
Q

the beginning stage of grief has physical and psychological manifestations

A

true

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8
Q

in this stage of grief daily functioning is affected

A

middle stage

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9
Q

end stage of grief

A

the griever is refocused and adjusted to the loss

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10
Q

what is involved in step 1 of restoring equilibirum after suffering a loss?

A
  • making sense of the event
  • searching for meaning
  • survivor’s guilt
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11
Q

what is involved in step 2 of restoring equilibirum after suffering a loss?

A
  • integration & acceptance of loss
  • stabilized emotions
  • channeled emotions
  • others step in to assume roles left behind
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12
Q

what is involved in step 3 of restoring equilibirum after suffering a loss?

A
  • creating a system to promote normalcy after the loss
  • reframing memories
  • accepting the different outcomes from the loss
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13
Q

how can one restore equilibrium in their lives?

A

set up a system to promote routines

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14
Q

cyclical grief is commonly experienced by which group of people?

A

those who have chronic illnesses

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15
Q

what are the interventions for reestablishing new memories among grievers?

A
  • provide functional assistance
  • engaging emotions
  • informing others
  • adaptation
  • reframing memories

common denominator: active listening

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16
Q

what is the second most painful life loss?

A

death of a spouse

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17
Q

patterns of adjustment to widowhood

Box 34-3

A
  • Step 1: Reactionary
  • Step 2: Withdrawal (first few months)
  • Step 3: Recuperation (six months after step 2)
  • Step 4: Exploration (second year)
  • Step 5: Integration (fifth year)
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18
Q

components of the cycle of acceptance

A
  • normal existence
  • receipt of bad news
  • denial
  • anger
  • depression
  • bargaining
  • acceptance
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19
Q

good coping skills

Box 35-3

A
  • avoid avoidance
  • confront realities
  • focus on solutions
  • redefining problems
  • consider alternatives
  • good communication with others
  • seek & use constructive help
  • accept support when offered
  • maintaining morale
20
Q

the 6 C’s of nursing actions

A
  • Care
  • Control
  • Composure
  • Communication
  • Continuity
  • Closure
21
Q

hierarchy of a dying person’s needs

A
  1. self-actualization / transcendence
  2. self-esteem / self-efficacy
  3. belonging & attachment
  4. safety & security
  5. biological & physiological integrity
22
Q

physical factors influencing the grieving process

Box 35-2

A
  • number of concurrent medical conditions
  • use of sedatives
  • inadequate nutrition
  • inadequate exercise
23
Q

what is palliative care?

A

an approach to care that improves the quality of life of patients and their families

24
Q

what does palliative care offer?

A
  • life-prolonging measures
  • stabilizing care
25
Q

palliative care needs the approval of two physicians

A

true

26
Q

palliative care is only limited to people who have a prognosis of less than 6 months to live

A

true

27
Q

core competencies of nursing regarding palliative care

what do they need to know?

A
  • advanced directives
  • legal & ethical issues in conducting end-of-life care
28
Q

what is self-actualization?

A
  • the highest expression of one’s individual potential
  • implies inner motivation to express their most authentic
29
Q

traits of self-actualized people

Box 36-2

A
  • time competent
  • self-directed
  • flexible
  • sensitive of self
  • spontaneous
  • values self
  • accepts self
  • positively views others & life
  • acceptance of aggressiveness
  • capable of warm relationships
30
Q

characterstics of individuals with a high degree of gerotranscendence

Box 36-13

A
  • high degrees of life satisfaction
  • engage in self-controlled social activity
  • experience satisfaction with self-selected activities
  • views social activities as unessential to well-being
  • midlife patterns & ideals are not their prime motivator
  • demonstrates complex & active coping patterns
  • has greater need for solitary philosophizing
  • appears withdrawn when engaged in inner development
  • feel shifts in perception of reality
  • has accelerated development of gerotranscendence
31
Q

what is spirituality?

A

the indescribable need that drives individuals throughout life to seek meaning and purpose in their existence

32
Q

what does spirituality encompass?

A
  • values
  • beliefs
  • search for meaning
  • relationship with a higher power, nature, & others
33
Q

older adults at risk for spiritual distress

Box 36-8

A
  • experiencing events or conditions that affect ability to participate in rituals
  • depression
  • cognitive impairment
  • loss of interpersonal support
  • verbalized questioning or loss of faith
  • diagnosed with life-threatening, chronic, or terminal illness
34
Q

brief assessment of spiritual resources and concerns

Box 36-10

A
  • Does your religion provide comfort or stress?
  • Do you have any religious beliefs that might conflict with health care?
  • Do you belong to a supportive faith community?
  • Do you have any practices or rituals that help you express your beliefs?
  • Do you have any spiritual needs that need to be addressed?
  • How can HCPs help?
35
Q

emotional factors influencing the grieving process

Box 35.2

A
  • presence of concurrent stresses
  • coping mechanisms
  • previous experience with loss
  • timelessness of the loss
  • sex-role conditioning
  • perception of the preventability
36
Q

how can nurses provide psychosocial comfort?

A
  • active listening
  • sharing fears
  • providing guidance in forgiving others & self
  • encouraging family support
  • showing up authentically
37
Q

personal spirituality questions for nurses

Box 36.12

A
  • What do I believe in?
  • How do I find purpose & meaning in my life?
  • How do I take care of my physical, emotional, and spritual needs?
  • What are my hopes & dreams?
  • Whom do I love?
  • Who loves me?
  • How am I with others?
  • What would I change about my relationships?
  • Am I willing to heal relationships that trouble me?
38
Q

how can the nurse provide spiritual comfort?

A
  • reminiscing
  • reading scripture
  • referring clergy
  • providing religious objects & rituals
39
Q

what are manifestations of anticipatory grief?

A
  • unusually detailed planning
  • sudden change in attitude toward the thing / person to be lost
  • preoccupation with impending loss
  • preparation of burials
  • saying goodbye
40
Q

what types of events precipitate acute grief?

A
  • national disasters
  • new diagnoses
  • accidents
41
Q

what is an example of disrupted daily functioning in the middle stage of grief?

A

an older adult is unable to perform their daily habits that involve the presence their deceased spouse

42
Q

patterns of adjustment to widowhood

interventions for stage 1 (reactionary)

A
  • reduce expectations
  • listen
  • support
  • validate
  • be available
43
Q

patterns of adjustment to widowhood

interventions for stage 2 (withdrawal)

A
  • protect individual against suicide
  • monitor health status
  • involvement with support groups
44
Q

patterns of adjustment to widowhood

interventions for stage 3 (recuperation)

A

support new lifestyle that promotes exploration of new possibilities

45
Q

patterns of adjustment to widowhood

interventions for stage 4 (exploration)

A
  • prepare the client for unexpected reactions during anniversaries
  • encourage & support new trial roles
46
Q

patterns of adjustment to widowhood

interventions for stage 5 (integration)

A

assist individual to recognize & share own pattern of growth through the trauma of loss

N3 GERO (19 decks)

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