Exam 3 (Week 11)

Question 1

What is the brand name of etanercept?

Answer 1

enbrel

Question 2

Pharmacological class of etanercept:

Answer 2

Tumor necrosis factor antagonist/biologic disease-modifying atirheumatic drug

Question 3

Therapetuic class of etanercept:

Answer 3

Antirheumatic/immunosuppressant/anti-inflammatory

Question 4

MOA of etanercept:

Answer 4

1. suppresses inflammation my neutralizing TNF (important immune mediator of joint injury in RA).

Question 5

Uses of etanercept:

Answer 5

moderately to severely active RA

Question 6

adverse effect of etanercept:

Answer 6

1. serious systemic infections
2. allergic reactions
3. heart failure
4. hematologic disorders
5. liver injury
6. CNS demyelinating disorders

Question 7

What are two safety alerts of etanercept?

Answer 7

1. Taking TNF antagonists like etanercept increases the risk for developing serious systemic infections or sepsis
2. children may develop malignancies

Question 8

1 nursing implication of etanercept:

Answer 8

educating patients on the signs and symptoms of infection

Question 9

What is the brand name of methotrexate?

Answer 9

Rheumatrex

Question 10

Pharmacological class of methotrexate:

Answer 10

nonbiologic DMARD

Question 11

Therapeutic class of methotrexate:

Answer 11

antirheumatic/immunosuppressant/anti-inflammatory/anticancer

Question 12

Methotrexate is the most what?

Answer 12

most rapid-acting DMARD

Question 13

What is the brand name of allopurinol?

Answer 13

Zyloprim

Question 14

Pharmacological class of allopurinol:

Answer 14

xanthine oxidase inhibitor

Question 15

Therapeutic class of allopurinol:

Answer 15

antigout/hyperuricemia

Question 16

MOA of allopurinol:

Answer 16

Inhibits xanthine oxidase (enzyme required for uric acid formation)

Question 17

Uses of allopurinol:

Answer 17

1. chronic tenacious gout

2. hyperuricemia secondary to chemo cancer treatment

Question 18

ADE of allopurinol:

Answer 18

GENERALLY WELL TOLERATED

1. rare but fatal hypersensitivity reaction
2. acute gouty attack with initial treatment
3. mild GI effects

Question 19

1 nursing implication of allopurinol:

Answer 19

monitoring uric acid levels in the blood

Question 20

What is the brand name of probenecid:

Answer 20

generic only

Question 21

pharmacological class of probenecid:

Answer 21

uricosuric agent

Question 22

Therapeutic class of probenecid:

Answer 22

antigout/hyperuricemia

Question 23

MOA of probenecid:

Answer 23

1. Acts on renal tubules to inhibit reabsorption of uric acid.
2. uricosuric agent: Increases uric acid excretion, reduces urate levels in the blood.

Question 24

ADE of probenecid

Answer 24

GENERALLY WELL TOLERATED

1. mild GI effects
2. hypersensitivity reactions

Question 25

1 nursing implication of probenecid:

Answer 25

Take the medication with food to minimize mild GI effects.

Question 26

What is the brand name of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ)?

Answer 26

Bactrim, Septra

Question 27

Pharmacological class of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ)

Answer 27

Sulfonamide + trimethoprim: inhibits folic acid synthesis

Question 28

Therapeutic class of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ)

Answer 28

Broad spectrum combination antibacterial/Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

Question 29

MOA of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ):

Answer 29

Inhibit the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid (a derivative of folate or folic acid)

Question 30

Why is the combined action helpful? (TMP/SMZ)

Answer 30

It is stronger than either drug acting along

Question 31

Uses of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ):

Answer 31

1. Uncomplicated or recurrent UTIs 2. Bronchitis 3. other infections 4. otitis media

Question 32

ADE of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ):

Answer 32

1. nausea 2. vomiting 3. rash

Question 33

1 nursing implication Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ):

Answer 33

Ask the patient about sulfa allergies

Question 34

What is the brand name of nitrofurantoin?

Answer 34

Macrobid

Question 35

Pharmacological class of nitrofurantoin:

Answer 35

urinary tract antiseptic: Damages bacterial DNA

Question 36

Therapeutic class of nitrofurantoin:

Answer 36

Broad spectrum antibacterial/UTIs

Question 37

What are the differences in concentrations of nitrofurantoin:

Answer 37

1. low concentrations: bacteriostatic | 2. high concentrations: bactericidal

Question 38

MOA of nitrofurantoin:

Answer 38

damaging bacterial DNA

Question 39

Uses of nitrofurantoin:

Answer 39

1. acute infections of the lower urinary tract | 2. prophylaxis of recurrent lower UTIs

Question 40

ADE of nitrofurantoin

Answer 40

1. GI effects 2. acute and subacute pulmonary reactions 3. hematologic reactions 4. peripheral neuropathy

Question 41

1 nursing implication of nitrofurantoin:

Answer 41

educating the patient to finish the entire course of antibiotics despite feeling better

Question 42

What is the brand name of benzoyl peroxide?

Answer 42

generic only

Question 43

Pharmacological class of benzoyl peroxide:

Answer 43

keratolytic

Question 44

Therapeutic class of benzoyl peroxide:

Answer 44

antibacterial for Acne/Drug for the skin

Question 45

MOA of benzoyl peroxide

Answer 45

releasing active oxygen suppressing propionibacterium acne | 3. Reduces inflammation and promotes the peeling of the horny level of the epidermis

Question 46

Uses of benzoyl peroxide:

Answer 46

first-line drug for mild to moderate acne

Question 47

ADE of benzoyl peroxide:

Answer 47

1. drying and peeling of the skin 2. severe local irritation 3. hypersensitivity reactions

Question 48

1 nursing implication:

Answer 48

promote adherence to the prescribed drug regimen

Question 49

What is the brand name of isotretinoin?

Answer 49

Accutane

Question 50

Pharmacological class of isotretinoin:

Answer 50

vitamin A derivative

Question 51

Therapeutic class of isotretinoin:

Answer 51

drug for the skin/acne vulgaris

Question 52

MOA of isotretinoin:

Answer 52

decreasing sebum production, sebaceous gland size, inflammation, and keratinization

Question 53

How is isotretinoin administered?

Answer 53

Orally (oral derivative of vitamin A)

Question 54

Uses of isotretinoin:

Answer 54

severe nodulocystic acne vulgaris

Question 55

ADE of isotretinoin

Answer 55

1. nose bleeds 2. inflammation of mouth and eyes 3. dryness or itching of skin, nose, and mouth.

Question 56

What is important about isotretinoin? (pregnancy)

Answer 56

It is teratogenic and should not be used during pregnancy

Question 57

1 nursing implication of isotretinoin:

Answer 57

educating the patient to protect their skin from the sun.