Exam 3.1

Question 1

What is dna always?

Answer 1

A polymer

Question 2

Describe the structure of dna

Answer 2

Double helix

Question 3

Who proposd this shape

Answer 3

Mendel

Question 4

Define deoxynucleotide

Answer 4

Fundemental building block (ribosugar and DNA monomers)

Question 5

DNA has what number of ends?

Answer 5

3 and 5

Question 6

Each strand of DNA is

Answer 6

Polar

Question 7

What binds the two strands

Answer 7

Complementary hydrogen bonds

Question 8

The strand ls run in different directions meaning DNA is an

Answer 8

Antiparallel

Question 9

What end are new molecules

Answer 9

3 prime

Question 10

DNA is elongated from

Answer 10

3-May

Question 11

Describe the backbone of DNA

Answer 11

Sugar and phosphate

Question 12

Orgin of replication

Answer 12

Sites where DNA replication begins which have a special sequence of DNA

Question 13

Bidirectional direction

Answer 13

Replication in two directions

Question 14

What does DNA sequence require a lot of?

Answer 14

Protiens

Question 15

DNA polymerase

Answer 15

Enzyme that synthesizes DNA

Question 16

Topoisomerase

Answer 16

Allows DNA to untwis and prevents it from sticking back together

Question 17

Primer

Answer 17

A region of double strand nucleic acid that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.

Question 18

Primase

Answer 18

creates an RNA primer used to replicated DNA

Question 19

Helicase

Answer 19

Seperates DNA strands by breaking down ATP and harnessing energy

Question 20

Single stranded binding protiens

Answer 20

Bind to unpaired DNA strands to keep them from reconnecting

Question 21

DNA ligase

Answer 21

Binds okazaki fragments

Question 22

What are the two strands

Answer 22

Leading and lagging

Question 23

Leading strand

Answer 23

Follows replication fork, 3

Question 24

Lagging strand

Answer 24

Runs away from the replication fork, 3, discontinous

Question 25

Okazaki fragments

Answer 25

Part of the lagging strand

Question 26

The ozaki fragments are sealed by

Answer 26

Ligase

Question 27

What is DNA constantly doing

Answer 27

Undergoing spontanious chemical change and is damaged by chmicals and radiation

Question 28

Define mutation

Answer 28

When theres a random flaw in DNA

Question 29

Define nucleotide excision repair

Answer 29

versatile process that can remove many forms of DNA damage

Question 30

What type of light causes tbe damage

Answer 30

Ultraviolet

Question 31

DNA in proteins is

Answer 31

Chromatin

Question 32

In cells what is DNA tightly associsted with?

Answer 32

Protiens

Question 33

What can proteins change in the DNA

Answer 33

Structure

Question 34

Nucleosome

Answer 34

place in the nucleus where ribosomes are produced with preRNA

Question 35

What are histoprotiens

Answer 35

Group of protiens found in chromatins

Question 36

How many times does DNA wrap around nucleosome core?

Answer 36

Twice

Question 37

Define chromatin

Answer 37

A complex of DNA and protiens

Question 38

What are chromosomes sorted into?

Answer 38

Highly distinct regions

Question 39

The location of chromosome plays a role in

Answer 39

Gene expression

Question 40

Define gene expression

Answer 40

Steps from going whats in the gene to how its expressed

Question 41

Changes in gene expression drive

Answer 41

Evolution

Question 42

Define gene

Answer 42

Segment of DNA that determines characteristics

Question 43

Define transcription

Answer 43

Dna to rna step 1

Question 44

Define translation

Answer 44

Rna to polypeptide step 2