Final SI Review Q's

Question 1

Which one of these in not a polymer?

Answer 1

Lipids

Question 2

Do these represent monomers or polymers?

(triose, pentose, hextose sugars)

Answer 2

Monomers

Question 3

What are monomers of Carbohydrates called?

Answer 3

Simple Sugars or Monosaccharides

Question 4

What are polymers of simple sugars called?

Answer 4

Polysaccharides Disaccharides

Question 5

Polysacchrides =
Hundreds or thousands of
Monosacharides.

Disaccharides = 2 monosaccharides

Answer 5

Reference material

Question 6

What is OH Hydroxyl group look like?

Answer 6

-OH

Question 7

What does a keytone look like?

Answer 7

>C=O

Question 8

What does a aldehyde look like?

Answer 8

H>C=O

Question 9

Energy storage differences in plants and animals are…?

Answer 9

Plants: starch
Animals: Glycogen
Glycogen more branched than starch

Question 10

If glucose is all facing the same
direction in a chain, what will
happen to the shape of the
polysaccharide?

Answer 10

Curve

Question 11

What about if Glucose is oriented
Back and forth?

Answer 11

Straight

Question 12

If curved…. (forms helix)

• starch or glycogen( more branched)
• alpha glucose monomers
• Hydroxyls point in same direction
• curved is makes easier to break down sugars
• used to store sugars

Answer 12

…

Question 13

If strait…. (like a string)

• cellulose
• beta glucose monomers
• Hydroxyls orient back and forth
• strait good for structure (harder to break down)
• in plant cell walls

Answer 13

…

Question 14

What makes chitin unique and what can it be used for?

Answer 14

Because it is structural and digestible. Used in dissolvable stitches

Question 15

Why are lipids not soluble in water?

Answer 15

They are non-polar and water is polar

Question 16

What are lipids soluble in?

Answer 16

In nonpolar solvents

Question 17

Lipids are soluable in water. True or False

Answer 17

FALSE

Question 18

Lipids are polymers. True or False

Answer 18

FALSE

Question 19

Lipids hate water and are hydrophobic. True or False

Answer 19

TRUE

Question 20

What are the 3 classes of lipids?

Answer 20

1. Fats (energy storage)
2. Phospholipids (membranes)
3. Steroids (hormones)

Question 21

Saturated fatty acid have…in regards to carbons

Answer 21

no double-bonded carbons

Question 22

Unsaturated fatty acid have…in regards to carbons

Answer 22

one or more double-bonded carbons

Question 23

Differences between saturated and unsaturated fats

Answer 23

Saturated fat
no double-bonded carbons in any fatty acids
tend to be solid at room temperature
animal fats
strait
Unsaturated fat
one or more (polyunsaturated) double-bonded carbon in the fatty acids
usually liquid at room temperature
plant fats (oils)
kink or bend

Question 24

What if you have only 2 fatty acids attached to a glyceride?

Answer 24

Phospholipids

Question 25

In a phospholipid bilayer: Where is it hydrophobic? Where is it Hydrophilic? Where is it charged? Where is it not charged?

Answer 25

Hydrophilic, polar (positive) head; hydrophobic, nonpolar (negative) tail.

Question 26

What is the polymer of protein called?

Answer 26

Polypeptide

Question 27

What is the monomer?

Answer 27

Amino acids

Question 28

How many naturally occurring amino acids are there?

Answer 28

20

Question 29

What is one or more polypeptide chains folded in on each other?

Answer 29

Protein

Question 30

True or False: amino acids are put together by a dehydration reaction.

Answer 30

TRUE

Question 31

What kind of bond does a dehydration reaction form?

Answer 31

Peptide bonds

Question 32

Which structure determines the identity of the protein?

Answer 32

Primary Structure

Question 33

Why does primary structure determine the identity for the protein?

Answer 33

The order of the amino acids determines how the polypeptide chain folds.

Question 34

What forms the different structures of alpha helix and Beta pleated sheets on Secondary Structures?

Answer 34

Hydrogen bonding between Carbon and Nitrogen.

Question 35

How is the tertiary structure formed?

Answer 35

Interactions of R groups determines folding.

Question 36

What are the proteins used to help in the folding of Tertiary structure?

Answer 36

Chaperonins

Question 37

Disulfide Bridge is a covalent bond. True or False?

Answer 37

TRUE

Question 38

What is the monomer of nucleic acids called?

Answer 38

Nucleotides

Question 39

What is the polymer of nucleic acids called?

Answer 39

Nucleic acids

Question 40

What is the main purpose for Nucleic Acids?

Answer 40

To contain genetic information

Question 41

2 famous examples of Nucleic acids are?

Answer 41

DNA & RNA

Question 42

With Oxygen?

Answer 42

Deoxyribose (for DNA); Ribose (for RNA)

Question 43

Nucleotide example involved in Energy: ATP (energy currency of the cell)

Answer 43

Food for thought

Question 44

How does ATP become ADP or AMP?

Answer 44

Loses phosphates. Starts off with 3

Question 45

Where do the Ribosomes insert themselves in the Rough ER?

Answer 45

Into the Lumen or into

Question 46

True or False: Ribosomes are part of the endomembrane system

Answer 46

FALSE

Question 47

Bound to ER or free in cytoplasm

Answer 47

More reference material I was too lazy to put into questions

Question 48

Where are Ribosomes Formed?

Answer 48

Nucleolus of Nucleus Nucleus is continuous with ER and is membrane Bound. Nucleus is a double phospholipid bilayer And has pores.

Question 49

What does the Golgi Apparatus do?

Answer 49

Shipping and packaging center

Question 50

What do Lysosomes do?

Answer 50

Pretty much a food vacuole with digestive enzymes. Breaks down food that is phagocytosed and breaks down damaged organelle into recycled parts.

Question 51

Slide 100

Answer 51

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