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Africa > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

which economies are poor in Africa? and why?

A

Sahel Horn - due to drought and war

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2
Q

what were the earliest economies in Africa based on?

A

hunting,
fishing,
food gathering

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3
Q

other names for subsistence agriculture?

A
  • shifting agriculture/cultivation,
  • land rotation
  • bush fallow method - based on the slash and burn technique
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4
Q

Which country produces the most gold and diamonds? How much?

A

South Africa

- it produces half of the income of Africa’s mineral mining

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5
Q

What is the biggest producer of Gold?

A

South Africa is the world’s biggest producer of gold.

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6
Q

Africa produces what percentage of the world’s gold supply?

A

over 75%

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7
Q

Which countries produce gold?

A

South Africa,
Zimbabwe,
Ghana,
Democratic Republic of Congo

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8
Q

Africa virtually produces the world’s supply of what?

A

gems and industrial diamonds

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9
Q

iron ore is found where?

A

all parts of Africa

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10
Q

what countries are the major producers of diamonds in Africa?

A

South Africa,
Botswana,
Republic of Congo

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11
Q

What were the universities and colleges in the colonial era? How many?

A

5

  • Fourah Bay College in Sierra Leone (Britain)
  • The University of Algiers in 1879 (France)
  • The State University at Elizabethville in Democratic Republic of Congo (Belgium)
  • The University of Makerere in Uganda (Britain)
  • The University of Science and Technology in Ghana
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12
Q

What have Africans achieved on their own in regard to education?

A

1) In 1976 Nigeria introduced universal primary education
2) In South Africa, the new government promised 10 years of free education to all South Africans
3) African nations have also made progress in Africanizing the teaching personnel and curriculum
4) After independence, each African country, even the poorest ones, established their own institutions of higher learning

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13
Q

what is the most industrialized nation in Africa?

A

South Africa

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14
Q

What is the most industrially advanced nation in North Africa?

A

Egypt

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15
Q

What types of industries are there in West Africa?

A

traditional and modern

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16
Q

traditional and modern industries are found where?

A

West Africa

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17
Q

the traditional industry is found in which part of Africa, and includes what?

A

West Africa,

1) pottery/ceramics
2) basket weaving
3) carving

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18
Q

Which nations in West Africa are making industrial progress?

A

Nigeria,
Ghana,
the Ivory Coast

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19
Q

the modern industries are found where, and include what?

A

West Africa,

- assembly plants

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20
Q

these Central African mineral producers are developing faster:

A

Cameroun,
Congo,
Gabon

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21
Q

what is the most economically advanced nation in East Africa?

A

Kenya

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22
Q

what is the major industry in East Africa, and where?

A

Kenya - tourism

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23
Q

what are some other industries found in East Africa?

A

coffee,
cotton,
sisal

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24
Q

What nations are making progress in Southern Africa?

A

Botswana,
Zimbabwe,
South Africa

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25
South Africa primarily produces what?
minerals
26
in general, African industries are what type of industries?
primary
27
the Aswan High Dam is built where?
the River Nile, Egypt
28
The Kariba Dam is built where?
on the Zambezi, East Africa
29
the Cahorra Bassa Dam is where?
Mozambique
30
Kainji Dam - where?
Nigeria
31
This Dam is in Nigeria?
Kainji Dam
32
the dam in Mozambique?
Cahorra Bassa Dam
33
the Volta Dam is where?
Ghana
34
the dam in ghana?
Volta Dam
35
the dam the Zambezi?
Kariba Dam - east afrcia
36
the Cahorra Bassa Dam powers which country?
South Africa
37
South Africa is powered by this Dam?
Cahorra Bassa
38
what 5 areas has the internet impacted Africa?
1) attract investment 2) promote tourism 3) improve healthcare - through healthnet 4) expand educational opportunities - e.g. African Virtual university 5) enhance communication
39
what 3 things cause deforestation?
1) clearing land for shifting cultivation 2) lumbering 3) cutting trees to use for fuelwood
40
what 2 things cause desertification?
1) overgrazing | 2) drought
41
what causes soil erosion?
deforestation
42
deforestation is the main cause of:
soil erosion
43
these countries get money from wildlife tourism:
``` Zimbabwe, Kenya, Botswana, Tanzania, South Africa ```
44
what 6 things cause the debt crisis?
1) oil price hikes 2) periodic global recession 3) reduced foreign aid 4) easy access to bank credit 5) excessive borrowing high interest rates 6) decline in cash crops
45
what are the qualifications for SAPS?
1) privatize the economy 2) eliminate subsidies 3) devalue currencies 4) downsize the government
46
who are the major creditors?
1) International Monetary Fund - IMF 2) World Bank 3) SAPS
47
what are the criticisms against SAPS?
too stringent | too severe
48
what were the 4 reasons for public enterprise?
1) to provide needed services 2) to provide employment 3) to prevent monopoly 4) to protect basic industries from bankruptcy
49
what is the G8, and what has been their role?
a meeting of the 8 most industrialized nations in the world - the talk a lot about debt relief
50
what's the percentage of US aid to Egypt?
63%
51
what are the reasons for US aid?
humanitarian, moral, political, strategic
52
what's the new policy of aid that the US has with Africa?
trade, investment, agriculture
53
what causes African food shortages?
1) nature - drought is the leading cause in the Horn of Africa 2) Poverty 3) artificial disasters - such as war
54
what causes rural-urban migration (a to b)?
1) economic 2) cultural 3) political 4) environmental reasons
55
what is a primate city?
a prime, or leading city
56
a prime, or leading city is called:
a primate city
57
what are the largest cities in Africa?
Cairo (NA) | Johannesburg (SA)
58
Cairo and Johannesburg are what?
the two largest cities in Africa
59
Mozambique changed it's capital city name from:
Lorenco Marques to Maputo
60
Zimbabwe changed it's capital city name from:
Salisbury to Harare
61
Chad changed it's capital city name from:
Fort Lamy to N'Djamena
62
Gambia changed it's capital city name from:
Bathurst to Banjul
63
Bathurst to Banjul - city name changed in
Gambia
64
Fort Lamy to N'Djamena - city name changed in
Chad
65
Salisbury to Harare - city name changed in
Zimbabwe
66
Lorenco Marques to Maputo - city name change in
Mozambique
67
Morocco relocated it's capital from
Casablanca to Rabat
68
Cameroun relocated it's capital from
Douala to Yaoundé
69
Tanzania relocated it's capital from
Dar Es Salaam to Dodoma
70
Nigeria relocated it's capital from
Lagos to Abuja
71
Ivory Coast relocated it's capital from
Abidjan to Yamoussoukro
72
Abidjan to Yamoussoukro - relocation happend in
Ivory Coast
73
Lagos to Abuja - relocation happend in
Nigeria
74
Dar Es Salaam to Dodoma - relocation happened in
Tanzania
75
Douala to Yaoundé - relocation happened in
Cameroun
76
Casablanca to Rabat - relocation happened in
Morocco
77
what is the informal economy based on?
self-employment
78
this is based on self-employment -
informal economy
79
what are China's investments in Africa?
1) China build a railroad in the 1970s called the Tanzam or Tazara lin 2) infrastructure

Africa (5 decks)

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