Exam 4

Question 1

Answer 1

regulate the sodium/potassium balance in cellular fluids.

Question 2

Answer 2

agonist

Question 3

Answer 3

reduced coenzymes; CO2

Question 4

Answer 4

antagonists to the histamine receptor sites.

Question 5

Answer 5

growth hormone (GH)

Question 6

Answer 6

a central structure of four connected rings.

Question 7

Answer 7

NAD+ is the oxidized form of NADH

Question 8

Answer 8

a series of reactions regenerates the initial reactant.

Question 9

Answer 9

dopamine

Question 10

Answer 10

use an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.

Question 11

Answer 11

Testosterone

Question 12

Answer 12

catabolism

Question 13

Answer 13

negative; are

Question 14

Answer 14

regulatory hormones released by the pituitary gland upon stimulation from the hypothalamus.

Question 15

Answer 15

releases; exergonic

Question 16

Answer 16

3, 1, 5, 6, 4, 2

Question 17

Answer 17

both A and B

Question 18

Answer 18

digestion; acetyl-CoA production; citric acid cycle; ATP production

Question 19

Answer 19

its hydrolysis releases an intermediate amount of energy and is relatively slow except in the presence of the appropriate enzymes.

Question 20

Answer 20

linear

Question 21

Answer 21

energy needed for unfavorable reactions must be available in the form of heat.

Question 22

Answer 22

All statements are true.

Question 23

Answer 23

increase the concentration of monoamine neurotransmitters.

Question 24

Answer 24

epinephrine

Question 25

Answer 25

water

Question 26

Answer 26

proteins

Question 27

Answer 27

the ion gates are opened and ions freely flow across the membranes.

Question 28

Answer 28

spiral

Question 29

Answer 29

ATP; acetyl-CoA; NADH; FADH2

Question 30

Answer 30

receive messages and cause chemical changes within the target cell.

Question 31

Answer 31

citric acid cycle; ATP

Question 32

Answer 32

I and III

Question 33

Answer 33

cytoplasm

Question 34

Answer 34

hypothalamus

Question 35

Answer 35

It triggers a slow response requiring hours, days, months, or even years.

Question 36

Answer 36

Hormones are very specific, affecting only one chemical reaction.