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Bio 106 > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What types of organisms make up subkingdom Eumetazoa?

A

Segmented body plans, bilaterally symmetrical organisms, possess an internal body cavity

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2
Q

Which adaptations contribute to improved motility?

A

Segmentation, internal body cavity, bilateral symmetry

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3
Q

What stage of embryo development consists of a simple hollow ball of cells?

A

Blastula

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4
Q

What is the percentage of animal species with backbones?

A

1%

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5
Q

Do all animals with bilateral symmetrical body plans have body cavities while not all animals with body cavities are bilaterally symmetrical?

A

false

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6
Q

What phylum has pseudocoelmates?

A

Nematoda

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7
Q

Which phyla have segmented body plans?

A

arthropoda, annelida, chordata, mollusca, echnodermata

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8
Q

What is made possible by an internal body cavity?

A

Improved embryonic development, improved organ efficiency, improved motility

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of protostome development?

A

The first opening of the blastospore becomes the oral end, early cell division is spiral, cells in early development are fixed early (Determinate), mesoderm forms from endodermal cells near the blastospore

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10
Q

What stage of animal development do the primary germ layers begin to differentiate?

A

Gastrula

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11
Q

In coelomates, where does the coelom form?

A

forms entirely withing the mesoderm

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12
Q

In psudocoelomates, where does the psudocoelom form?

A

between the endoderm and mesoderm

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13
Q

Which phyla contain coelomates?

A

Mollusca, echnodermata, annelida, chordata, arthropoda

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14
Q

Where is the dorsal end?

A

top/back

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15
Q

Where is the ventral end?

A

bottom, stomach

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16
Q

Where is the anterior end?

A

front/head

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17
Q

Where is the posterior end?

A

back/tail

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18
Q

Process during animal development whereby cells divide and get progressively smaller with each round of division

A

Cleavage

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19
Q

What phyla dominate the terrestrial surface of the planet?

A

Arthropdoa, chordata

20
Q

Process during animal development whereby cells divide and get progressively smaller with each round of division

A

Cleavage

21
Q

What is derived from the mesoderm germ layer?

A

muscle, skeletal, circulatory, reproductive, excretory, connective tissues

22
Q

What type of metabolism does the common ancestor of animals have?

A

chemoheterotrophic

23
Q

What typed of life cycle does the common ancestor of animals have?

A

gametic life cycle

24
Q

What cell wall material does the common ancestor of animals have?

A

no cell wall

25
Q

What energy storage molecule does the common ancestor of animals have?

A

glycogen

26
Q

What phyla lack a coelom?

A

Platyhelminthes, Porifera, cnidaria

27
Q

What phyla are composed of species undergo protostome development?

A

Anthropoda, nematoda, annelida, mollusca, platyhelminthes

28
Q

Which adaptations result in an increase in the flexibility of the animal body?

A

Body cavity, segmentation

29
Q

What phyla are composed of species undergo protostome development?

A

Anthropoda, nematoda, annelida, mollusca, platyhelminthes

30
Q

What factor affects early cell differentiation in animals?

A

proteins and RNAs inherited from the mother in the egg cytoplasm

31
Q

The stage of animal develoment wherein the blastopore begins to form

A

Blastula

32
Q

Stage of animal development where differences between protostome and deuterostome development occur

A

cleavage

33
Q

What is derived from the ectoderm germ layer?

A

skin and nervous system

34
Q

What is derived from the endoderm germ layer?

A

gut lining and digestive organs

35
Q

What phyla is sister to Chordata?

A

Echnodermata

36
Q

What traits are found in some or all the species of radiata?

A

radial symmetry

37
Q

What are maternal factors?

A

RNAs and proteins

38
Q

What phyla is sister to arthropoda

A

Nematoda

39
Q

What are maternal factors?

A

RNAs and proteins

40
Q

Largest animal phylum

A

Arthropoda

41
Q

Which phyla are composed of species that undergo deuterostome development?

A

Chordata and Echnodermata

42
Q

What is a natural group of animal phyla?

A

Annelida, mollusca, platyhelpminthes

43
Q

Where are maternal factors found?

A

egg cytoplasm

44
Q

Define tissue

A

group of functionally and structurally similar cells organized into a structural and functional unit

45
Q

What drives later stages of animal development?

A

embryonic induction, cell to cell communication

Bio 106 (7 decks)

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