Exam 4

Question 1

What types of organisms make up subkingdom Eumetazoa?

Answer 1

Segmented body plans, bilaterally symmetrical organisms, possess an internal body cavity

Question 2

Which adaptations contribute to improved motility?

Answer 2

Segmentation, internal body cavity, bilateral symmetry

Question 3

What stage of embryo development consists of a simple hollow ball of cells?

Answer 3

Blastula

Question 4

What is the percentage of animal species with backbones?

Answer 4

1%

Question 5

Do all animals with bilateral symmetrical body plans have body cavities while not all animals with body cavities are bilaterally symmetrical?

Answer 5

false

Question 6

What phylum has pseudocoelmates?

Answer 6

Nematoda

Question 7

Which phyla have segmented body plans?

Answer 7

arthropoda, annelida, chordata, mollusca, echnodermata

Question 8

What is made possible by an internal body cavity?

Answer 8

Improved embryonic development, improved organ efficiency, improved motility

Question 9

What are the characteristics of protostome development?

Answer 9

The first opening of the blastospore becomes the oral end, early cell division is spiral, cells in early development are fixed early (Determinate), mesoderm forms from endodermal cells near the blastospore

Question 10

What stage of animal development do the primary germ layers begin to differentiate?

Answer 10

Gastrula

Question 11

In coelomates, where does the coelom form?

Answer 11

forms entirely withing the mesoderm

Question 12

In psudocoelomates, where does the psudocoelom form?

Answer 12

between the endoderm and mesoderm

Question 13

Which phyla contain coelomates?

Answer 13

Mollusca, echnodermata, annelida, chordata, arthropoda

Question 14

Where is the dorsal end?

Answer 14

top/back

Question 15

Where is the ventral end?

Answer 15

bottom, stomach

Question 16

Where is the anterior end?

Answer 16

front/head

Question 17

Where is the posterior end?

Answer 17

back/tail

Question 18

Process during animal development whereby cells divide and get progressively smaller with each round of division

Answer 18

Cleavage

Question 19

What phyla dominate the terrestrial surface of the planet?

Answer 19

Arthropdoa, chordata

Question 20

Process during animal development whereby cells divide and get progressively smaller with each round of division

Answer 20

Cleavage

Question 21

What is derived from the mesoderm germ layer?

Answer 21

muscle, skeletal, circulatory, reproductive, excretory, connective tissues

Question 22

What type of metabolism does the common ancestor of animals have?

Answer 22

chemoheterotrophic

Question 23

What typed of life cycle does the common ancestor of animals have?

Answer 23

gametic life cycle

Question 24

What cell wall material does the common ancestor of animals have?

Answer 24

no cell wall

Question 25

What energy storage molecule does the common ancestor of animals have?

Answer 25

glycogen

Question 26

What phyla lack a coelom?

Answer 26

Platyhelminthes, Porifera, cnidaria

Question 27

What phyla are composed of species undergo protostome development?

Answer 27

Anthropoda, nematoda, annelida, mollusca, platyhelminthes

Question 28

Which adaptations result in an increase in the flexibility of the animal body?

Answer 28

Body cavity, segmentation

Question 29

What phyla are composed of species undergo protostome development?

Answer 29

Anthropoda, nematoda, annelida, mollusca, platyhelminthes

Question 30

What factor affects early cell differentiation in animals?

Answer 30

proteins and RNAs inherited from the mother in the egg cytoplasm

Question 31

The stage of animal develoment wherein the blastopore begins to form

Answer 31

Blastula

Question 32

Stage of animal development where differences between protostome and deuterostome development occur

Answer 32

cleavage

Question 33

What is derived from the ectoderm germ layer?

Answer 33

skin and nervous system

Question 34

What is derived from the endoderm germ layer?

Answer 34

gut lining and digestive organs

Question 35

What phyla is sister to Chordata?

Answer 35

Echnodermata

Question 36

What traits are found in some or all the species of radiata?

Answer 36

radial symmetry

Question 37

What are maternal factors?

Answer 37

RNAs and proteins

Question 38

What phyla is sister to arthropoda

Answer 38

Nematoda

Question 39

What are maternal factors?

Answer 39

RNAs and proteins

Question 40

Largest animal phylum

Answer 40

Arthropoda

Question 41

Which phyla are composed of species that undergo deuterostome development?

Answer 41

Chordata and Echnodermata

Question 42

What is a natural group of animal phyla?

Answer 42

Annelida, mollusca, platyhelpminthes

Question 43

Where are maternal factors found?

Answer 43

egg cytoplasm

Question 44

Define tissue

Answer 44

group of functionally and structurally similar cells organized into a structural and functional unit

Question 45

What drives later stages of animal development?

Answer 45

embryonic induction, cell to cell communication