EXAM 4 Flashcards by Kelly Ann

Health care delivery in the United States is very similar to other developed countries.
TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

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Self-care has been used historically in America, and is still used today.
TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

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The Hill-Burton Act provided substantial funds for medical education.
TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

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The spectrum of health care delivery refers to the various types of care.
TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

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The largest amount of all health care workers today are employed in nursing/residential facilities.
TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

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Health care workers who have the specialized education and legal authority to treat any health problem or disease are independent providers.
TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

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The internship year is the second year of a medical residency program.
TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

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Chiropractors are the most often used nonallopathic providers.
TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

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Nurses are an example of limited care providers.

TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

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Of employed registered nurses, the largest majority work in offices of physicians.
TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

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Laboratory technicians are considered to be allied health care professionals.
TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

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Public hospitals are often found in small, rural communities.
TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

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A clinic is a facility in which two or more physicians practice as a group.
TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

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The Joint Commission is the predominant organization responsible for accrediting health care facilities.
TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

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The major determinants of access to health care in the United States are insurance coverage and the generosity of that coverage.
TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

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In the third-party payment system, the patient is the
A.  first party
B.  second party
C.  third party
D.  service

FIRST PARTY

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In the third-party payment system, the provider is the
A.  first party
B.  second party
C.  third party
D.  none of the above

SECOND PARTY

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Managed care is a system of health care delivery that focuses on
A.  efficiency
B.  control over utilization
C.  the price of services
D.  all of the above

ALL OF THE ABOVE

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The type of health care practice that incorporates interventions aimed at disease prevention and health promotion is
A. population-based public health practice
B. medical practice
C. long-term practice
D. end-of-life practice

POPULATION-BASED PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE

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Restorative care is a component of 
A.  population-based public health practice
B.  medical practice
C.  long-term practice
D.  end-of-life practice

LONG-TERM PRACTICE

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An example of an allied health care professional is a  
A.  physician
B.  nurse
C.  dietician
D.  naturopath

DIETICIAN

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Those lacking the financial ability to pay for their own medical care are referred to as
A.  the working poor
B.  medically indigent
C.  exclusions
D.  CHIP recipients

MEDICALLY INDIGENT

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A written agreement between a private insurance company and an individual or group of individuals to pay for certain health care costs during a certain time period in return for regular, periodic payments is a health insurance
A.  policy
B.  co-insurance
C.  copayment
D.  deductible

POLICY

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A negotiated set amount that a patient pays for certain services is a  
A.  premium
B.  copayment
C.  fixed indemnity
D.  deductible

COPAYMENT

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``` The amount of expenses that the beneficiary must incur before the insurance company begins to pay for covered services is the A. deductible B. copayment C. exclusion D. fixed indemnity ```

DEDUCTIBLE

``` Medicare is available to those A. 60 years and older B. with permanent liver failure C. with certain disabilities D. none of the above ```

WITH CERTAIN DISABILITIES

``` The part of Medicare that is the hospital insurance portion is A. Part A B. Part B C. Part C D. Part D ```

PART A

``` The part of Medicare that is prescription drug coverage is A. Part A B. Part B C. Part C D. Part D ```

PART D

``` The government insurance program that specifically targets low-income children who are ineligible for other insurance coverage is A. Medicaid B. CHIP C. Medicare D. Affordable Care Act ```

CHIP

``` The type of managed care that buys fixed-rate health services from providers and sells them to consumers is A. EPOs B. HMOs C. PPOs D. IPAs ```

PPOs

Factors or conditions in the environment that increase the risk of human injury, disease, or death are environmental hazards. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Brown smog is formed primarily by sulfur dioxide and suspended solid particles. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

A condition that occurs when warm air traps cooler air at the surface of the earth is greenhouse gases. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Gases and particulates generated by burning are referred to as combustion by-products. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Agents, usually chemicals, that cause cancer are referred to as ozone. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

The number one cause of lung cancer among nonsmokers is secondhand smoke. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

The number of waterborne disease outbreaks associated with drinking water has declined in recent years. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

When causes of waterborne disease outbreaks are determined, the number one source is most often viruses. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Virtually all surface water is polluted and needs to be treated before it can be safely consumed. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

The number one source of most foodborne disease outbreaks is bacteria. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Protecting the public from foodborne disease outbreaks lies solely with local government health agencies. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

The EPA regulates the registration and labeling of pesticides. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Solid waste with properties that make it dangerous or potentially harmful to human health or the environment is classified as municipal waste. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

The current number one method of disposal of municipal solid waste is combustion. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Properties where reuse is complicated by the presence of hazardous substance from prior use are called brownfields. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

``` Tobacco smoke inhaled and exhaled by the smoker is referred to as A. sidestream smoke B. mainstream smoke C. passive smoke D. none of the above ```

MAINSTREAM SMOKE

``` The practice of establishing and maintaining healthy or hygienic conditions in the environment is A. sanitation B. environmental health C. watershed D. RCRA ```

SANITATION

``` Porous, water-saturated layers of underground bedrock, sand, and gravel that can yield economically significant amounts of water are referred to as A. groundwater B. aquifers C. surface water D. leachates ```

AQUIFERS

``` Water pollution that occurs through the runoff, seepage, or falling of pollutants into the water is A. point source pollution B. nonpoint source pollution C. thermal inversion D. secondary pollutants ```

NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION

``` The average U.S. resident uses an average of how much water each day? A. 5–10 gallons B. 20–40 gallons C. 80–100 gallons D. 120–150 gallons ```

80-100 GALLONS

``` The substance that remains after humans have used water for domestic or commercial purposes is A. wastewater B. sludge C. scum D. none of the above ```

WASTEWATER

``` The level of wastewater treatment that involves filtration through sand and carbon filters is A. primary wastewater treatment B. secondary wastewater treatment C. tertiary wastewater treatment D. quaternary wastewater treatment ```

TERTIARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT

``` The level of wastewater treatment where sludge is formed and removed is A. primary wastewater treatment B. secondary wastewater treatment C. tertiary wastewater treatment D. quaternary wastewater treatment ```

PRIMARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT

The federal law aimed at ensuring that all rivers are swimmable and fishable and that limits the discharge of pollutants in U.S. waters to zero is the A. Safe Drinking Water Act B. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act C. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act D. Clean Water Act

CLEAN WATER ACT

Leading factors contributing to foodborne disease outbreaks are A. inadequate cooking temperatures B. unsanitary conditions at the point of service C. drinking raw milk D. all of the above

ALL OF THE ABOVE

``` Most municipal solid waste comes from A. plastics B. glass C. paper D. yard trimmings ```

PAPER

``` The most desirable form of integrated waste management is A. recycling B. reuse C. source reduction D. combustion ```

SOURCE REDUCTION

``` Liquid created when water mixes with wastes and removes soluble constituents from them by percolation is A. leachates B. sludge C. aquifers D. scum ```

LEACHATES

``` Those at greatest risk of lead poisoning are A. young children B. young adults C. the elderly D. domestic animals ```

YOUNG CHILDREN

``` A process in which energy is emitted in particles or waves is A. radon B. ozone C. combustion D. radiation ```

RADIATION

Injury prevention is an organized effort to prevent injuries or to minimize their severity. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

An unsafe act or condition is an injury. | TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

The leading cause of death and disability in the world is injuries. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

After the first year of life, unintentional injuries become the leading cause of death and disability in children. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

The group at higher than average risk of dying as a result of unintentional firearm injury is young adults. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

At every age level, females are more likely to become involved in a fatal unintentional injury than are males. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Most deaths from fires occur in the summer months. | TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

The highest intentional injury rates for both males and females are in the 15- to 24-year age group. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

The suicide rate is higher for women than men. | TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Over the past few years, violence in America has decreased. | TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

The second leading cause of injury death is homicide. | TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

More than one-third of emergency department visits are due to injuries. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

One of the most dangerous occupations in terms of injuries is mining. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

The three elements of the public health model for unintentional injuries are the environment, host, and time. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Injury prevention education is the process of changing people’s health directed behavior. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

``` Any behavior that would increase the probability of an injury occurring is an A. unintentional injury B. unsafe act C. hazard D. unsafe condition ```

UNSAFE ACT

``` An injury causing any restriction of normal activity beyond the day of the injury’s occurrence is a A. unintentional injury B. fatal injury C. disabling injury D. fatal injury ```

DISABLING INJURY

``` In the United States, the leading type of unintentional injury death is due to A. motor vehicle crashes B. poisonings C. falls D. fires ```

MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES

``` The second leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States is A. drowning B. poisonings C. falls D. fires ```

POISONINGS

``` In terms of unintentional injuries, falls disproportionately affect A. toddlers B. children C. adults D. elders ```

ELDERS

The leading cause of unintentional injury death for those 80 years and older is A. poisoning from accidental drug overdose B. falls C. motor vehicle crashes D. none of the above

FALLS

``` The place where the most unintentional injuries occur is A. the home B. the roads C. recreation/sports areas D. workplace ```

THE HOME

``` The place where the most unintentional injury deaths occur is A. the home B. the road/highway C. recreation/sports areas D. workplace ```

THE HOME

``` The single most important factor in intentional and unintentional injuries is A. alcohol B. marijuana C. location D. attitude ```

ALCOHOL

``` The unintentional injury prevention approach that involves seeking justice for injuries through the courts is A. regulation B. automatic protection C. litigation D. education ```

LITIGATION

``` The group more vulnerable to violence is A. males B. blacks C. the poor D. all of the above ```

ALL OF THE ABOVE

``` The failure of a parent or guardian to care for or otherwise provide the necessary subsistence for a child is A. child abuse B. family violence C. child neglect D. none of the above ```

CHILD NEGLECT

``` In fatal motor vehicle crashes, the majority of people killed are A. drivers B. passengers C. pedestrians D. motorcycle riders ```

DRIVERS

``` Most poisonings occur in A. hospitals B. jails C. the home D. nursing homes ```

THE HOME

``` An example of injury prevention through regulation is A. setting speed limits B. school fire drills C. child proof safety caps D. litigation ```

SETTING SPEED LIMITS

Work-related fatality rates in America have increased significantly in the past 100 years. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Workplace illnesses are reported more than workplace injuries. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Hazardous agents in the workplace affect only the workers inside the worksite. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

The federal agency charged with the responsibility of administering the provisions of the OSHAct is NIOSH. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

The goods-producing industries have a higher rate of nonfatal injuries and illnesses than the service-providing industries. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Unintentional injuries in the workplace can include bruises, burns, fractures, and amputations. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Days away from work for disabling injury increase with age. | TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Less than half of all adult women work. | TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Female workers account for almost two-thirds of cases of days away from work due to anxiety, stress, and neurotic disorders. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Improvements in workplace safety have been considered one of the 10 greatest achievements in public health during the past century. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Farming is considered to be a hazardous occupation. | TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

A factor that increases a worker’s risk for workplace assault includes working in community-based settings. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

The leading type of occupational reported musculoskeletal disorder is repeated trauma disorders. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

The highest incidences of occupational skin disorders are reported in education and health services. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Workplace-based programs that assist employees who have substance abuse, domestic, psychological, or social problems that interfere with their work performance are employee assistance programs. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

``` The first state to pass a child labor law was A. Massachusetts B. New York C. Pennsylvania D. Maryland ```

MASSACHUSETTS

``` The first state to pass worker’s compensation laws was A. Massachusetts B. New York C. Pennsylvania D. Maryland ```

NEW YORK

A research body located in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention responsible for developing and recommending occupational safety and health standards is A. the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) B. the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) C. the Coal Mine Health and Safety Administration D. none of the above

NIOSH

``` The leading cause of fatal work-related injuries is A. highway incidents B. falls C. assaults and violent acts D. being struck with an object ```

HIGHWAY INCIDENTS

``` The age group with the lowest workplace fatality rate is A. 65 and over B. 45–54 C. 25–34 D. 16–17 ```

25-34

``` Youth employment peaks during A. winters B. springs C. summers D. falls ```

SUMMERS

``` The racial/ethnic group with the lowest death rate for occupational injuries is A. Native Americans B. Asians C. black Americans D. Hispanic Americans ```

ASIANS

``` Work-related death from machinery, falling objects, electric current, and explosion are highest in A. urban states B. rural states C. Florida D. West Virginia ```

RURAL STATES

``` In the service-producing industries, the area with the highest incident rate of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses is A. education and health services B. education and housekeeping C. health services and housekeeping D. education and accounting ```

EDUCATION AND HEALTH SERVICES

``` The type of workplace violence in which the perpetrator has no legitimate relationship to the business or its employees and is usually committing a crime is A. Criminal intent (Type I) B. Customer/client (Type II) C. Worker-on-worker (Type III) D. Personal relationship (Type IV) ```

CRIMINAL INTENT (TYPE I)

``` The type of workplace violence in which the perpetrator has a legitimate relationship with the business and becomes violent while being served is A. Criminal intent (Type I) B. Customer/client (Type II) C. Worker-on-worker (Type III) D. Personal relationship (Type IV) ```

CUSTOMER/CLIENT (TYPE II)

``` Installing better security systems at entrances and exists is an example of what kind of prevention strategy for workplace violence? A. environmental designs B. administrative controls C. behavior strategies D. all of the above ```

ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNS

``` Having procedures for opening and closing a workplace is an example of what kind of prevention strategy for workplace violence? A. environmental designs B. administrative controls C. behavior strategies D. all of the above ```

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS

``` Acute or chronic lung disease caused by the inhalation of cotton, flax, or hemp dusts, also know as brown lung disease is A. pneumoconiosis B. silicosis C. asbestosis D. byssinosis ```

BYSSINOSIS

``` Worksite programs that include screenings and interventions designed to change employees’ health behaviors and reduce risks are A. preplacement examinations B. worksite health promotion programs C. employee assistance programs D. none of the above ```

WORKSITE HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAMS

EXAM 4 Flashcards

(120 cards)