Exam 4

Question 1

The assembly of multiple subunits into a final active enzyme is known as _____________ structure

Answer 1

Quaternary

Question 2

Glucose is activated by how many phosphorylations by ATP during the first stage of the EMP pathway

Answer 2

Two

Question 3

Following glucose activation, one of the key intermediates of the EMP pathway is…

Answer 3

Fructose-1,6-biphosphate

Question 4

A competitive inhibitor of an enzyme will bind at the enzyme’s…

Answer 4

Active site

Question 5

Constitutive enzymes are…

Answer 5

Always present

Question 6

Which pathway of glycolysis is the most common

Answer 6

EMP

Question 7

ATP contains adenine, three phosphate groups, and…

Answer 7

Ribose sugar

Question 8

Which fermentation pathway yields one molecule each of lactic acid, ethanol, and CO2

Answer 8

Heterolactic

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an end product of fermentation

Answer 9

Pyruvate

Question 10

Which of the following statements is NOT true in regarding the electron donors in prokaryote metabolism

Answer 10

All of the following are true

Question 11

The TCA cycle is also known as

Answer 11

Krebs cycle

Question 12

Which molecule enters TCA cycle by condensing with oxaloacetate to form citrate

Answer 12

Acetyl-CoA

Question 13

The proton motive force drives which of the following processes in bacteria

Answer 13

ATP synthesis, flagellar rotation, & nutrient uptake

Question 14

Which of the following catabolic pathways does not include the ETS

Answer 14

Fermentation

Question 15

ETS enzymes transferring electrons to the terminal electron acceptor are __________

Answer 15

Terminal oxidases

Question 16

Which of the following is not a terminal electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration

Answer 16

Hydrogen sulfide

Question 17

Gene transfer from parent to child is called…

Answer 17

Vertical transmission

Question 18

Bacteria are able to conduct _________ transmission— the transfer of small pieces of DNA from one cell to another

Answer 18

Horizontal

Question 19

A group of tandem genes with associated functions that are all transcribed together is called….

Answer 19

An operon

Question 20

A group of genes with expression regulated by the same control mechanism are known as….

Answer 20

A Regulon

Question 21

Enzymes that synthesize DNA or RNA can synthesize in a _________ direction

Answer 21

5’-to-3’

Question 22

During DNA replication, the lagging strand is synthesized ____________, while the leading strand can be synthesized ____________

Answer 22

Discontinuously; continuously

Question 23

Small, usually circular, extrachromosomal DNA molecules are known as….

Answer 23

Plasmids

Question 24

The prokaryotic ribosomal subunits are 30S and 50S. They combine to make a _____ ribosome

Answer 24

70S

Question 25

___________ bonding between nucleotides holds together complementary strands of DNA

Answer 25

Hydrogen

Question 26

Reading a DNA template to make a DNA copy is known as....

Answer 26

Replication

Question 27

How many codons code for amino acids.

Answer 27

61

Question 28

What is the importance of stop codons

Answer 28

They tell the ribosome to stop translating the mRNA

Question 29

Synthesis of RNA from DNA is known as __________ , and synthesis of polypeptides from RNA is known as _________.

Answer 29

Transcription, translation

Question 30

Anticodons on the tRNA will be complementary to....

Answer 30

Codons on mRNAs & coding strand of DNA

Question 31

A cell that is capable of importing free DNA is known as ___________

Answer 31

Competent

Question 32

The Ames test is used to screen compounds for potential _____________.

Answer 32

Mutagenicity

Question 33

Energy for polypeptide synthesis during translation comes from....

Answer 33

GTP

Question 34

Bacteria have developed a "safe-sex" approach to gene exchange called __________ and __________

Answer 34

Restriction; modification

Question 35

A natural (non-mutated) characteristic of an organism is known as a......

Answer 35

Wild type

Question 36

After extensive DNA damage, the SOS response is initiated and special DNA polymerase are expressed that sacrifice replication ________ to rescue the damaged genome

Answer 36

Accuracy

Question 37

The simplest transposable elements are ______________

Answer 37

Insertion sequences

Question 38

Pyrimidine diners are caused by.....

Answer 38

Ultraviolet rays

Question 39

________ prevent transcription, whereas ________ stimulate transcription.

Answer 39

Repressors; activators

Question 40

What is the favored carbon source of E. coli

Answer 40

Glucose

Question 41

Binding of tryptophan to the __________ causes binding and repression of the trp operon

Answer 41

Aporepressor

Question 42

A quorum-sensing system requires the accumulation of a secreted small molecule called a/an __________

Answer 42

Autoinducer

Question 43

The protein portion of a conjugated enzyme,or Holoenzyme, is known as....

Answer 43

Apoenzyme